Note taking worksheet (9)

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Brigham Young University, Idaho *

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300

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Health Science

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Feb 20, 2024

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docx

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Journal Article Note Taking Worksheet Mostly comments should be in your own words. Copy and paste is discouraged. If quotes are used be sure to add quotation marks. This template is designed to help you comprehend and evaluate the article. Add sufficient detail to allow you to participate fully in the discussion during class. (Bold categories require your judgment and are not necessarily free of opinion [i.e. they require your assessment). Citation: First Author, Date of publication, Title, Journal Ivan L. Campos, 2022, Estimation of Genetic Parameters of Heat Tolerance for Production Traits in Canadian Holsteins Cattle, Animals Executive summary (in 6 sentences or fewer, summarize this article as if you were explaining it to your parents): In this article it is talking about how cows respond to heat stress and where they can provide effective herd management practices to help with the environmental challenges. With heat stress being a major problem in the dairy industry it can cause negative consequences for both health and production. They want to select animals with genetics with more heat tolerant that could potentially help maintain or improve the productivity of Canadian dairy cows. The dairies in Canada are facing shifting environment because of the climate changes. What they did in the study was look at the genetic parameters for heat tolerance of the milk, fat, and protein yields of the Canadian dairy cattle. They looked at 195,448 first parity cows and had a total of 1.3 million test day records from those cows. Objective/question (what is/are the author’s objective[s], why was the experiment conducted): The objective of this study is to estimate the genetic parameters for heat tolerance of milk, fat, and protein yields in Canadian Holstein cows Hypothesis (what is the author’s hypothesis, if not explicitly stated by the authors infer one from the context and design of the study): How many cows will have the genetic parameters for heat tolerance with milk, fat, and protein yields Methodology (bullet list of what was done, include treatments, # of animals, etc):  Ethics approval was not required by the institutional research eithics board of the University of Guelph  Weather station data are publicly available and were retrieved from the environment and climate change Canada’s online database  1.3 million test-days records for milk, fat, and protein yields  From 195,448 first parity Holstein cows  Raised in Ontario and Quebec were provided by Lactanet  The two provinces account for about 70% of milk production in Canada  An average of 86 cows per farm and milk production of 11,053 kg per lactation (24,367.70 LBS)  Data collected spanned a 10 year period from Jan 2010 to Dec 2019  Cows were required to have a minimum of four TD records for each trait collected  Cows with ages at calving between 18 to 40 months were kept

 Herds were required to have records from a minimum of five cows per year for at least five years  Pedigree information was available for cows with production records and included 952,076 animals  Meterological data from public weather stations registered in the environment and climate change Canada website  Obtained using weathercan  Hourly measurements of ambient temperature and relative humidity Results (bullet list of findings, main outcomes):  Noticeable decline in overall milk production traits under heat stress  Fat and protein yields had a impact from heat stress  Average THI threshold for milk production traits approximately 40% of TD records were obtained from heat stress conditions THI >62  Total of 190,039 cows had TD records under both thermal comfort and heat stress conditions  Meadian repeated TD records per cow under and above the average THI threshold were four and three respectively Discussion (were the objectives met, is there speculation, are results statistically and biologically significant, was discussion clear and relevant, ) Yes they met their objectives, they will have a greater susceptibility to heat stress Conclusion (summarize key points, do results support conclusions): They had negative genetic correlation between their overall additive affect but the additive genetic effect for heat tolerance was in line with other studies that were conducted in other countries. So with that their continued genetic selection for production will result in a greater susceptibility to heat stress but with the negative correlation is moderate but is associated with existing genetic variability for heat tolerance this allows for them to select heat tolerant and can still maintain or improve their milk production. Important Figures and/or Tables (brief description of why this table/figure is important to the paper): Figure 1 shows us the distribution of mean ambient temperatures (solid line) and its variation (shaded area) and mean temperature-humidity index (THI;dashed line) per month from January 2010 and December 2020 this is showing us how they got their numbers for those certain areas Table 1 is showing the mean and standard deviation of test-day records for milk production traits below and above the temperature- humidity index threshold for milk, fat, and protein yields this is showing us as the reader what they used to get their numbers Critical analysis and reflection (what do these data mean in the real world, what implications can you think of, are further experiments necessary):

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