PEX-07-01
pdf
School
University Of Arizona *
*We aren’t endorsed by this school
Course
201
Subject
Mechanical Engineering
Date
Jan 9, 2024
Type
Pages
6
Uploaded by ChiefPower11715
Name: Jay Sippel
Exercise 7: Respiratory System Mechanics: Activity 1: Measuring Respiratory Volumes and Calculating Capacities Lab
Report
Pre-lab Quiz Results
You scored 100% by answering 5 out of 5 questions correctly.
1.
Which of the following statements describing the mechanics of breathing is
false
?
You correctly answered: d. Ventilation relies exclusively on contracting skeletal muscles.
2.
The contraction of which of the following muscles will increase the thoracic cavity volume during inspiration?
You correctly answered: c. the external intercostals
3.
At the beginning of inspiration, the
You correctly answered: b. thoracic cavity volume increases.
4.
At the beginning of expiration, the
You correctly answered: a. pressure in the thoracic cavity increases.
5.
A tidal volume refers to the
You correctly answered: b. amount of air inspired and then expired with each breath under resting conditions.
11/13/19
page 1
11/13/19
page 2
Experiment Results
Predict Question:
Predict Question:
Lung diseases are often classified as obstructive or restrictive. An
obstructive
disease affects
airflow
,
and a
restrictive
disease usually reduces
volumes and capacities
. Although they are not diagnostic, pulmonary function
tests such as forced expiratory volume
(FEV1) can help a clinician determine the difference between obstructive and
restrictive diseases. Specifically, an
FEV1 is the forced volume expired in 1 second.
In obstructive diseases such as chronic bronchitis and asthma, airway radius is decreased. Thus,
FEV1 will
Your answer : a. decrease proportionately.
Stop & Think Questions:
Which muscles contract during quiet expiration?
You correctly answered: d. None of these muscles contract during quiet expiration.
6.
Minute ventilation
is the amount of air that flows into and then out of the lungs in a minute. Minute ventilation (ml/min) =
TV (ml/breath) x BPM (breaths/min).
Using the values from the second recorded measurement, enter the minute ventilation in the field below and then click
Submit Data
to record your answer in the lab report.
You answered: 7500 ml/min
11. A useful way to express FEV1 is as a percentage of the forced vital capacity (FVC). Using the FEV1 and FVC values
from the data grid, calculate the FEV1 (%) by dividing the FEV1 volume by the FVC volume (in this case, the VC is equal to
the FVC) and multiply by 100%.
Enter the FEV1 (%) for an airway radius of 5.00 mm in the field below and then click
Submit Data
to record your answer in
the lab report.
You answered: 74
12. A useful way to express FEV1 is as a percentage of the forced vital capacity (FVC). Using the FEV1 and FVC values
from the data grid, calculate the FEV1 (%) by dividing the FEV1 volume by the FVC volume (in this case, the VC is equal to
the FVC) and multiply by 100%.
Enter the FEV1 (%) for an airway radius of 3.00 mm in the field below and then click
Submit Data
to record your answer in
the lab report.
You answered: 70
Experiment Data:
Radius
Flow
(L/min)
TV
ERV
IRV
RV
VC
FEV1
TLC
Breath Rate
5.00
7485
499
---
---
---
---
---
---
15
5.00
7500
500
1200
3091
1200
4791
3541
5991
15
4.50
4920
328
787
2028
1613
3143
2303
4756
15
4.00
3075
205
492
1266
1908
1962
1422
3871
15
3.50
1800
120
288
742
2112
1150
822
3262
15
3.00
975
65
156
401
2244
621
436
2865
15
11/13/19
page 3
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
- Access to all documents
- Unlimited textbook solutions
- 24/7 expert homework help
11/13/19
page 4
11/13/19
page 5
Post-lab Quiz Results
You scored 100% by answering 5 out of 5 questions correctly.
1.
To calculate a person's vital capacity, you need to know the TV, ERV, and
You correctly answered: c. IRV.
2.
Measuring a person's FVC means that you are measuring
You correctly answered: d. the amount of air that can be expelled when the subject takes the deepest possible inspiration
and then forcefully expires as completely and rapidly as possible.
3.
Measuring a person's FEV1 means that you are measuring
You correctly answered: b. the amount of the VC that is expired during the first second of the FVC test.
4.
For a person suffering an asthma attack, inhaler medications are expected to
You correctly answered: a. reduce the airway resistance.
5.
Which of the following values does
not
include the ERV?
You correctly answered: c. TV
11/13/19
page 6
Review Sheet Results
1.
What would be an example of an everyday respiratory event the ERV simulates?
Your answer:
An example of an everyday respiratory event that simulates ERV would be forced expiration.
2.
What additional skeletal muscles are utilized in an ERV activity?
Your answer:
The additional skeletal muscles that are utilized in an ERV activity are abdominal muscles and the internal intercostal
muscles contract.
3.
What was the FEV1 (%) at the initial radius of 5.00 mm?
Your answer:
The FEV percentge of the 5.00 radius is 73.9%.
4.
What happened to the FEV1 (%) as the radius of the airways decreased? How well did the results compare with your
prediction?
Your answer:
During the expirement I though that the FEV would decrease proportionately and this held true during the duration of the
expirements.
5.
Explain why the results from the experiment suggest that there is an obstructive, rather than a restrictive, pulmonary
problem.
Your answer:
In an obstructive situation, the radius would decrease and as the radius decresed, FEV1 decreased.
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
- Access to all documents
- Unlimited textbook solutions
- 24/7 expert homework help
Related Documents
Related Questions
I need help with this before tomorrow’s exam if I can get all needed calculations please
arrow_forward
Help.
arrow_forward
Study Area
Document Sharing
User Settings
Access Pearson
mylabmastering.pearson.com
P Pearson MyLab and Mastering
The crash cushion for a highway barrier consists of a
nest of barrels filled with an impact-absorbing material.
The barrier stopping force is measured versus the vehicle
penetration into the barrier. (Figure 1)
Part A
P Course Home
b My Questions | bartleby
Review
Determine the distance a car having a weight of 4000 lb will penetrate the barrier if it is originally traveling at 55 ft/s when it
strikes the first barrel.
Express your answer to three significant figures and include the appropriate units.
Figure
1 of 1
36
μΑ
S =
Value
Units
Submit
Request Answer
Provide Feedback
?
Next >
arrow_forward
Help!!! Please answer all Correctly!!! Please
arrow_forward
Please do Asap
arrow_forward
Subject:Thermodynamics IPlease show all your solution so that i can learn the process thank you so much
arrow_forward
I need parts 1, 2, and 3 answered pertaining to the print provided.
NOTE: If you refuse to answers all 3 parts and insist on wasting my question, then just leave it for someone else to answer. I've never had an issue until recently one single tutor just refuses to even read the instructions of the question and just denies it for a false reasons or drags on 1 part into multiple parts for no reason.
arrow_forward
Question 2
You are a biomedical engineer working for a small orthopaedic firm that fabricates rectangular shaped fracture
fixation plates from titanium alloy (model = "Ti Fix-It") materials. A recent clinical report documents some problems with the plates
implanted into fractured limbs. Specifically, some plates have become permanently bent while patients are in rehab and doing partial
weight bearing activities.
Your boss asks you to review the technical report that was generated by the previous test engineer (whose job you now have!) and used to
verify the design. The brief report states the following... "Ti Fix-It plates were manufactured from Ti-6Al-4V (grade 5) and machined into
solid 150 mm long beams with a 4 mm thick and 15 mm wide cross section. Each Ti Fix-It plate was loaded in equilibrium in a 4-point bending
test (set-up configuration is provided in drawing below), with an applied load of 1000N. The maximum stress in this set-up was less than the
yield stress for the…
arrow_forward
QUESTION 7
A model tow-tank test is conducted on a bare hull model at the model design
speed in calm water. Determine the effective horsepower (hp) for the ship,
including appendage and air resistances. The following parameters apply to the
ship and model:
Ship
1,100
Model
Length (ft)
Hull Wetted Surface Area (ft2)
Speed (knots)
30
250,000
15
Freshwater
Water
Seawater 50°F
70°F
Projected Transverse Area (ft²)
Cair
7,500
0.875
Appendage Resistance (% of bare hull)
10%
Hull Resistance (Ibf)
20
arrow_forward
Please answer the 4th question
arrow_forward
Two sport utility vehicles (SUVs) are being considered by a recent engineering graduate. Using the following data evaluate which sport utility vehicle is better. Use six attributes in your a
point, overall appearance, comfort, safety, reliability, and fuel mileage. Larger scores on overall appearance, comfort, safety, reliability, and fuel mileage are preferred to smaller ones.
Click the icon to view the table with data you have gathered about the SUVs.
Determine attribute weights and use the nondimensional scaling technique to find the resulting set of vehicle scores. Fill in the table below. (Round to two decimal places.)
More Info
Attribute
Price
Appearance
Comfort
Safety
Reliability
Fuel mileage
Relative
Rank
4
253 6
1
Print
Final score
Alternatives
SUV 1
$27,650
4
3
3
3
22 mpg
SUV 1
Done
Alternatives
SUV 2
$21,900
3
5
4
4
18 mpg
SUV 2
-
X
arrow_forward
Cathy Gwynn for a class project is analyzing a "Quick Shop" grocery store. The store emphasizes quick service, a limited assortment of grocery items, and higher prices. Cathy wants to see if the store hours (currently 0600 to 0100) can be changed to make the store more profitable.
Time Period
Daily Sales in the Time Period
0600-0700
$40
0700-0800
70
0800-0900
120
0900-1200
400
1200-1500
450
1500-1800
500
1800-2000
600
2000-2200
200
2200-2300
50
2300-2400
85
2400-0100
40
The cost ofthe groceries sold averages 65% of sales. The incremental cost to keep the store open, including the clerk's wage and other operating costs, is S23 per hour. To maximize profit, when should the store be opened, and when should it be closed?
arrow_forward
Learning Task 2:
Changes in momentum happen every time. A fast-moving car when suddenly stopped might have damaging effects not
only to the vehicle itself but also to the person riding it. Various devices have been installed in vehicles to ensure the safety of
the passengers. Can you think of some safety devices installed on vehicles (public/private)? Name at least five (5) of them.
arrow_forward
Create a reading outline for the given text "STRESS and STRAIN".
arrow_forward
Problem 3
Learning Outcome #2
A closed tank is filled with water and mercury, and the air pressure above the water surface is 180 kPa
(Not the standard air pressure). At 20-C, the gauge A reads an absolute pressure of 350 kPa. The density
of water is 998kg/m², and mercury has a density of 13568kg/m³. All fluids are in thermodynamic
equilibrium. (n) What is the height h of the water in cm? (b) What should the gauge B read in kPa in
absolute pressure?
80 cm
2
Air (20°C, 180 kPa)
Mercury
Water
arrow_forward
Per Bartleby honor code only 3 subparts of a question can be answered per submission. I have submitted 10, 11, 12, and 13 previously. Please answer 14, 15, 16
arrow_forward
University of Babylon
Collage of Engineering\Al-Musayab
Department of Automobile
Engineering
Under Grad/Third stage
Notes:
1-Attempt Four Questions.
2- Q4 Must be Answered
3-Assume any missing data.
4 تسلم الأسئلة بعد الامتحان مع الدفتر
Subject: Mechanical
Element Design I
Date: 2022\01\25
2022-2023
Time: Three Hours
Course 1
Attempt 1
Q1/ Design a thin cylindrical pressure tank (pressure vessel) with hemispherical ends to the
automotive industry, shown in figure I below. Design for an infinite life by finding the
appropriate thickness of the vessel to carry a sinusoidal pressure varied from {(-0.1) to (6) Mpa}.
The vessel is made from Stainless Steel Alloy-Type 316 sheet annealed. The operating
temperature is 80 C° and the dimeter of the cylinder is 36 cm. use a safety factor of 1.8.
Fig. 1
(15 Marks)
Q2/ Answer the following:
1- Derive the design equation for the direct evaluation of the diameter of a shaft to a desired
fatigue safety factor, if the shaft subjected to both fluctuated…
arrow_forward
1. The development of thermodynamics since the 17th century, which was pioneered by the invention of the steam engine in England, and was followed by thermodynamic scientists such as Willian Rankine, Rudolph Clausius, and Lord Kelvin in the 19th century. explain what the findings or theories of the 3 inventors are!
Please answer fast max 25-30.minutes thank u
arrow_forward
Please give a complete solution in Handwritten format.
Strictly don't use chatgpt,I need correct answer.
Engineering dynamics
arrow_forward
1.4 Select the most appropriate answer from the multiple choices given:
1. The world's first seismograph was invented in
(a) Japan
2. The first experiments on simple pendulums were conducted by
(a) Galileo
3. The Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica was published by
(b) China
(c) Egypt
(b) Pythagoras
(c) Aristotle
(a) Galileo
(b) Pythagoras
(c) Newton
4. Mode shapes of plates, by placing sand on vibrating plates, were first observed by
(c) Galileo
(a) Chladni
5. The thick beam theory was first presented by
(a) Mindlin
6. The number of degrees of freedom of a simple pendulum is:
(b) D'Alembert
(b) Einstein
(c) Timoshenko
(a) 0
(b) 1
(c) 2
7. Vibration can be classified in
(a) one way
8. Gibbs phenomenon denotes an anomalous behavior in the Fourier series representation of a
(a) harmonic function
9. The graphical representation of the amplitudes and phase angles of the various frequency
components of a periodic function is known as a
(a) spectral diagram
10. When a system…
arrow_forward
Question 7
The following formulas are commonly used by engineers to predict the lift and drag of an airfoil:
where L and Dare the lift and drag forces, V is the airspeed, S is the wing span, is the air density, and CL and CD are the lift and drag coefficients. Both CL and CD depend on α , the angle of attack, the angle between the relative air velocity and the airfoil’s chord line.
Wind tunnel experiments for a particular airfoil have resulted in the following formulas.
where α is in degrees.
arrow_forward
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you

Elements Of Electromagnetics
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9780190698614
Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.
Publisher:Oxford University Press

Mechanics of Materials (10th Edition)
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9780134319650
Author:Russell C. Hibbeler
Publisher:PEARSON

Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781259822674
Author:Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. Boles
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education

Control Systems Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781118170519
Author:Norman S. Nise
Publisher:WILEY

Mechanics of Materials (MindTap Course List)
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781337093347
Author:Barry J. Goodno, James M. Gere
Publisher:Cengage Learning

Engineering Mechanics: Statics
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781118807330
Author:James L. Meriam, L. G. Kraige, J. N. Bolton
Publisher:WILEY
Related Questions
- I need help with this before tomorrow’s exam if I can get all needed calculations pleasearrow_forwardHelp.arrow_forwardStudy Area Document Sharing User Settings Access Pearson mylabmastering.pearson.com P Pearson MyLab and Mastering The crash cushion for a highway barrier consists of a nest of barrels filled with an impact-absorbing material. The barrier stopping force is measured versus the vehicle penetration into the barrier. (Figure 1) Part A P Course Home b My Questions | bartleby Review Determine the distance a car having a weight of 4000 lb will penetrate the barrier if it is originally traveling at 55 ft/s when it strikes the first barrel. Express your answer to three significant figures and include the appropriate units. Figure 1 of 1 36 μΑ S = Value Units Submit Request Answer Provide Feedback ? Next >arrow_forward
- I need parts 1, 2, and 3 answered pertaining to the print provided. NOTE: If you refuse to answers all 3 parts and insist on wasting my question, then just leave it for someone else to answer. I've never had an issue until recently one single tutor just refuses to even read the instructions of the question and just denies it for a false reasons or drags on 1 part into multiple parts for no reason.arrow_forwardQuestion 2 You are a biomedical engineer working for a small orthopaedic firm that fabricates rectangular shaped fracture fixation plates from titanium alloy (model = "Ti Fix-It") materials. A recent clinical report documents some problems with the plates implanted into fractured limbs. Specifically, some plates have become permanently bent while patients are in rehab and doing partial weight bearing activities. Your boss asks you to review the technical report that was generated by the previous test engineer (whose job you now have!) and used to verify the design. The brief report states the following... "Ti Fix-It plates were manufactured from Ti-6Al-4V (grade 5) and machined into solid 150 mm long beams with a 4 mm thick and 15 mm wide cross section. Each Ti Fix-It plate was loaded in equilibrium in a 4-point bending test (set-up configuration is provided in drawing below), with an applied load of 1000N. The maximum stress in this set-up was less than the yield stress for the…arrow_forwardQUESTION 7 A model tow-tank test is conducted on a bare hull model at the model design speed in calm water. Determine the effective horsepower (hp) for the ship, including appendage and air resistances. The following parameters apply to the ship and model: Ship 1,100 Model Length (ft) Hull Wetted Surface Area (ft2) Speed (knots) 30 250,000 15 Freshwater Water Seawater 50°F 70°F Projected Transverse Area (ft²) Cair 7,500 0.875 Appendage Resistance (% of bare hull) 10% Hull Resistance (Ibf) 20arrow_forward
- Please answer the 4th questionarrow_forwardTwo sport utility vehicles (SUVs) are being considered by a recent engineering graduate. Using the following data evaluate which sport utility vehicle is better. Use six attributes in your a point, overall appearance, comfort, safety, reliability, and fuel mileage. Larger scores on overall appearance, comfort, safety, reliability, and fuel mileage are preferred to smaller ones. Click the icon to view the table with data you have gathered about the SUVs. Determine attribute weights and use the nondimensional scaling technique to find the resulting set of vehicle scores. Fill in the table below. (Round to two decimal places.) More Info Attribute Price Appearance Comfort Safety Reliability Fuel mileage Relative Rank 4 253 6 1 Print Final score Alternatives SUV 1 $27,650 4 3 3 3 22 mpg SUV 1 Done Alternatives SUV 2 $21,900 3 5 4 4 18 mpg SUV 2 - Xarrow_forwardCathy Gwynn for a class project is analyzing a "Quick Shop" grocery store. The store emphasizes quick service, a limited assortment of grocery items, and higher prices. Cathy wants to see if the store hours (currently 0600 to 0100) can be changed to make the store more profitable. Time Period Daily Sales in the Time Period 0600-0700 $40 0700-0800 70 0800-0900 120 0900-1200 400 1200-1500 450 1500-1800 500 1800-2000 600 2000-2200 200 2200-2300 50 2300-2400 85 2400-0100 40 The cost ofthe groceries sold averages 65% of sales. The incremental cost to keep the store open, including the clerk's wage and other operating costs, is S23 per hour. To maximize profit, when should the store be opened, and when should it be closed?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Elements Of ElectromagneticsMechanical EngineeringISBN:9780190698614Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.Publisher:Oxford University PressMechanics of Materials (10th Edition)Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9780134319650Author:Russell C. HibbelerPublisher:PEARSONThermodynamics: An Engineering ApproachMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781259822674Author:Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. BolesPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
- Control Systems EngineeringMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781118170519Author:Norman S. NisePublisher:WILEYMechanics of Materials (MindTap Course List)Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9781337093347Author:Barry J. Goodno, James M. GerePublisher:Cengage LearningEngineering Mechanics: StaticsMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781118807330Author:James L. Meriam, L. G. Kraige, J. N. BoltonPublisher:WILEY

Elements Of Electromagnetics
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9780190698614
Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.
Publisher:Oxford University Press

Mechanics of Materials (10th Edition)
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9780134319650
Author:Russell C. Hibbeler
Publisher:PEARSON

Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781259822674
Author:Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. Boles
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education

Control Systems Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781118170519
Author:Norman S. Nise
Publisher:WILEY

Mechanics of Materials (MindTap Course List)
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781337093347
Author:Barry J. Goodno, James M. Gere
Publisher:Cengage Learning

Engineering Mechanics: Statics
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781118807330
Author:James L. Meriam, L. G. Kraige, J. N. Bolton
Publisher:WILEY