Module 15 Lab 12 Simple harmonic motion
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NOL PHY 201
Lab - Simple Harmonic Motion
Name______________
In this lab, you will determine the spring constant (k) of a given spring applying Hooke’s Law and then you will determine the period of oscillation of a mass attached to the same spring. This lab uses the simulation Spring and masses
from PhET. You will conduct two activities.
Before starting, please scroll through the worksheet to check the page numbers and get all the information. Complete all activities before submitting the lab.
Each lab counts for 20 points and is about 1.42% of the total grade.
Lab Goals
This lab will help you learn the following:
Applying the principles of Simple Harmonic motion and Hooke 's formula
How to do data analysis using a spreadsheet
How to establish a connection between the physical quantities obtained in the experiment and the mathematical equation of a line.
Important Equations Please review Chapter 16 sections 1, 2, and 3
. In the book the "Spring constant" is called "Force constant".
●
Hooke's formula F
=
kx
where F is the stress/force, k
is the spring constant, and x
is the spring strain/
deformation. ●
Period of oscillation of a mass-spring system T
=
2
π
√
m
k
where T
is the period, m
the mass and k
the spring constant
Set Up
Launch the simulation, Spring and masses
and select the tab LAB. Video description of the tools used.
Page 1 of 5
NOL PHY 201
●
Set the Gravity
to Earth
●
Set the Damping
to None
●
Set the Spring Constant
to Small
●
Click on the ruler for use on Activity 1
●
Click on the timer for use on Activity 2
Activity 1: Stretching the Spring to determine the Spring constant k using Hooke's formula. 1.
Hang at the spring a mass of 50 grams. The spring will stretch. We will refer to this as its equilibrium length. We also call this “zero mass”.
2.
Place the zero of the ruler at this stretched position. Consider this position as the zero of the spring elongation.
3.
Add mass values to the mass attached to the spring, measuring the corresponding elongation each time.
4.
Copy the table below and paste it on an Excel spreadsheet. Complete the table with your data. Note: The force pulling the spring is the weight of the mass attached to it, Δm*g, mass times acceleration of gravity. Remember to convert all the units!
Mass
(kg)
Δm = (Mass added -0.05)
(kg)
Spring elongation (m)
Force= Δm*g (N)
0.07
0.09
0.10
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.14
Page 2 of 5
NOL PHY 201
0.15
0.16
0.17
0.18
5.
On the spreadsheet, make a graph with Δ
mg
on the y-axis and the spring elongation on the x-axis. Use Scatter plot.
6.
Determine the equation of the line which goes through your data points. Use the line of best fit. Show the equation on the chart.
7.
Copy and paste your chart here. Submit your excel file on Canvas.
8.
Compare Hooke’s Law governing the spring and the general equation for a straight line and find the numerical value of the spring constant using your line of best fit.
k = ______________________
Activity 2: Measuring the period of oscillation to determine the Spring constant k. Note1: During this activity, you may want to use the Slow button for easy measurements
of the time of oscillation. Note2 : To time one complete oscillation cycle you want to count the time for the mass to return to the original position, it should move back and forth once. 1.
Starting from 70 g add mass values to the mass attached to the spring. Determine how long it takes to oscillate 10 complete cycles
. For this problem, the entire mass is oscillating so there is no need to zero out the mass like before.
2.
Divide this number by 10 to get the period of oscillation. 3.
Copy and paste the table below on the same Excel Spreadsheet. Complete the table with your data. Total Mass (kg)
Time for 10
cycles (s)
Period (s)
Period
2
(s
2
)
0.07
0.09
0.11
Page 3 of 5
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