Module 15 Lab 12 Simple harmonic motion

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Virginia Commonwealth University *

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101

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Physics

Date

Dec 6, 2023

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docx

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5

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NOL PHY 201 Lab - Simple Harmonic Motion Name______________ In this lab, you will determine the spring constant (k) of a given spring applying Hooke’s Law and then you will determine the period of oscillation of a mass attached to the same spring. This lab uses the simulation Spring and masses from PhET. You will conduct two activities. Before starting, please scroll through the worksheet to check the page numbers and get all the information. Complete all activities before submitting the lab. Each lab counts for 20 points and is about 1.42% of the total grade. Lab Goals This lab will help you learn the following: Applying the principles of Simple Harmonic motion and Hooke 's formula How to do data analysis using a spreadsheet How to establish a connection between the physical quantities obtained in the experiment and the mathematical equation of a line. Important Equations Please review Chapter 16 sections 1, 2, and 3 . In the book the "Spring constant" is called "Force constant". Hooke's formula F = kx where F is the stress/force, k is the spring constant, and x is the spring strain/ deformation. Period of oscillation of a mass-spring system T = 2 π m k where T is the period, m the mass and k the spring constant Set Up Launch the simulation, Spring and masses and select the tab LAB. Video description of the tools used. Page 1 of 5
NOL PHY 201 Set the Gravity to Earth Set the Damping to None Set the Spring Constant to Small Click on the ruler for use on Activity 1 Click on the timer for use on Activity 2 Activity 1: Stretching the Spring to determine the Spring constant k using Hooke's formula. 1. Hang at the spring a mass of 50 grams. The spring will stretch. We will refer to this as its equilibrium length. We also call this “zero mass”. 2. Place the zero of the ruler at this stretched position. Consider this position as the zero of the spring elongation. 3. Add mass values to the mass attached to the spring, measuring the corresponding elongation each time. 4. Copy the table below and paste it on an Excel spreadsheet. Complete the table with your data. Note: The force pulling the spring is the weight of the mass attached to it, Δm*g, mass times acceleration of gravity. Remember to convert all the units! Mass (kg) Δm = (Mass added -0.05) (kg) Spring elongation (m) Force= Δm*g (N) 0.07 0.09 0.10 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.14 Page 2 of 5
NOL PHY 201 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 5. On the spreadsheet, make a graph with Δ mg on the y-axis and the spring elongation on the x-axis. Use Scatter plot. 6. Determine the equation of the line which goes through your data points. Use the line of best fit. Show the equation on the chart. 7. Copy and paste your chart here. Submit your excel file on Canvas. 8. Compare Hooke’s Law governing the spring and the general equation for a straight line and find the numerical value of the spring constant using your line of best fit. k = ______________________ Activity 2: Measuring the period of oscillation to determine the Spring constant k. Note1: During this activity, you may want to use the Slow button for easy measurements of the time of oscillation. Note2 : To time one complete oscillation cycle you want to count the time for the mass to return to the original position, it should move back and forth once. 1. Starting from 70 g add mass values to the mass attached to the spring. Determine how long it takes to oscillate 10 complete cycles . For this problem, the entire mass is oscillating so there is no need to zero out the mass like before. 2. Divide this number by 10 to get the period of oscillation. 3. Copy and paste the table below on the same Excel Spreadsheet. Complete the table with your data. Total Mass (kg) Time for 10 cycles (s) Period (s) Period 2 (s 2 ) 0.07 0.09 0.11 Page 3 of 5
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