Chapter 18 Questions

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Chapter 18 Questions 1. Identify the main groups and ideas that drove the Progressive Movement. The main groups of people that drove the Progressive movement were politicians and people wanting to change American society. There were also labor activists, female reform organizations who wanted to not only protect the women in the workplace but also children. There were now more workers in the cities, which led to rampant inequality. Whether it was in the work force labor or in politics. This era of time drove immigrants into the Unites States looking for a better life and better work opportunities. The ideas that drove this time were feminism, workers’ rights, and the question of the power of the federal and state government. 2. Explain how immigration to the United States in this period was part of a global movement of peoples. Immigrants were coming to the United States during this time to search for better opportunities. During this time, it was exciting for others to see an abundance of work opportunities and new developments that people started migrating to other countries, not just the United States. Where there was more work, there was more money to be made. America had enticed people to leave their countries of poverty, taxation, political issues, and poor economies to search for better lives for not only themselves but their families. America upheld their idea of freedom and independence, and this really inspired migrants. 3. Describe how Fordism transformed American industrial and consumer society. Henry Ford adopted the method of production known as the assembly line. To propagate his idea of mass production of goods, created the assembly line that used a conveyor belt to move the product down a line. This type of production also needed a mass growth of workers. This way of manufacturing a product allowed a product to be quickly and efficiently made. This economic shift in society resulted in more disposable income. That produced a consumer society where an abundance of goods was made available to people for relatively cheap prices. 4. Socialism was a rising force across the globe in the early twentieth century. How successful was the movement in the United States? The socialist movement flourished during this time due to people creating reforms for groups they believed were oppressed or not given equality. The party called for improvement of work conditions, for the state to have responsibilities, and the public right to natural resources and property for manufacturing goods. This idea gained support from immigrants and others who felt the wrath of the poor conditions in the factory and industrial life. Although these policies were great for white Americans, it did not favor the African Americans. 10. How did each Progressive-era president view the role of the federal government? The three progressive-era presidents were Theodore Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, and Woodrow Wilson. Theodore Roosevelt believed it was the president’s responsibility to take care of the people and support them. His ‘square deal’ is a representation of making sure the Americans were taken care of properly. This showed that he believed the federal government’s role to protect the public interest when it came to corporations and competition. Taft had the same beliefs as Roosevelt, but in addition he believed the government needed a constant

source of income. To do so, he graduated the annual income taxes. The third president, Woodrow Wilson, believed it was the governments job to protect the rights of each and every citizen. To do this he promoted the right to unionize, by protecting them through the anti-trust laws.

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