The Logic of Inference- Discussion 1

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Jun 4, 2024

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The Logic of Inference: The Science of Uncertainty      Quantitative analysis is a form of research that allows us to explain different phenomena using a numerical data set to explain how one variable in a problem affects the other variable(s) (Dietz & Kalof, 2009). In this discussion, we were to choose a quantitative study and identify the dependent variable, the independent variable, any errors, and how the research conducted is useful. I chose a study completed by Yang et al. (2022) dealing with racial and ethnic disparities in childhood attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and treatment utilization/ access. In this discussion, I will identify how this research is helpful to social change, identify the dependent variable, independent variable, and the possible error present.  Summary of Article      The objective of the study was to examine treatment access and treatment utilization disparities among African-American children, Hispanic children, Asian children, and White children (Yang et.al., 2022). It is also important to note that the results varied geographically within the study in terms of access to ADHD treatment, family income, utilization of treatment, and ethnic backgrounds. The researchers used a cross-sectional design to conduct the study which consisted of 5,838 participants with ADHD in the age range of 5-17.  Variables      According to Frankfort-Nachmias et al. (2019), the dependent variable can be described as the variable that explains the phenomena to be explained or the reason behind the research, and the independent variable can be described as the variable that causes the phenomena that we are trying to explain. The primary variables in the study conducted by Yang et al. (2022), were race- ethnicity and access to and utilization of ADHD treatment. Using the formula Y= f(x) + E,
utilization and access to treatment of ADHD= F(race-ethnicity) + Error. The utilization and access to treatment were dependent upon racial background, concerning socio-economic status.  Error      The authors of the study identified several limitations in the study. One of the limitations that Yang et al. (2022) described was the fact that patient preference was not considered when conducting the study regarding healthcare treatment. Another limitation was that the ADHD diagnosis was based on a caregiver report and not verified by a clinician (Yang et al., 2022). I would consider these limitations to be measurement errors. Social Change Addressed      The benefits of this research help to better understand the reasons that some children have access to resources (i.e., treatment and medication), while others do not. The research could better assist by developing programs and providing community resources in underserved communities with large populations of ethnic minorities. Being able to better provide treatment and resources may increase the utilization of services and improve behavior and academic attainment. Conclusion      Quantitative analyses allow researchers to explain a problem using data and variables. The quantitative research method assists researchers in social sciences to be able to explain different phenomena that occur within our society objectively. The research conducted about ADHD and socioeconomic status and access/utilization of treatment would be beneficial in developing programs to assist these individuals with being able to access treatment to improve behaviors and academic attainment in school-age children diagnosed with ADHD. 
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