SAMPLING PROCEDURE FOR API AND BS&W Prepared by Mopu Lab. Technologist; Kumar 1. SAMPLING FOR BOTH API AND BS&W 2. Plastic bottles must not be used for sampling as there is a risk of a build-up of static charge and the container cannot be earthed to ground. Crude oil samples can only be sampled into earthed steel sampling containers. Earth leads must be used to reduce the potential for static ignition 3. Gas monitors should be used where hydrocarbon gas may be evolved. 4. Wear appropriate PPE when carrying out sampling. 5. Open the sampling point and flush the sample line into an earthed waste container for as long as needed to ensure the pipe work is hot enough. 6. Collect at least 500ml of …show more content…
Stopper and invert 10 times. 1.5.5 In the case where the crude oil is very viscous and mixing of the solvent with the oil would be difficult, the solvent may be added to the centrifuge tubes first to facilitate mixing. 1.5.6 loosen the stoppers slightly and place the tubes in the water bath for at least 15 min maintained at 60± 3°C (140± 5°C).Secure the stoppers and again invert the tubes ten times to ensure uniform mixing of oil and the solvent. 1.5.6 Place the tubes inside the centrifuge, on opposite sides so as to ensure a balanced condition. Re-tighten the corks and spin for 10 min at a minimum relative centrifuge force of 600, calculated using equation below r/min =133√(rcf/d) Where r/min = revolution per minute rcf = relative centrifuge force d = diameter of swing measured between tips of opposite tubes when in rotating position, in mm 1.5.7 When the centrifuge comes to a stop, read and record the combined volume of water and sediment at the bottom of each tube (The measurement must be to the nearest 0.05ml from 0.1 to 1 –ml graduations, and to the nearest 0.1ml above 1-ml graduations. Below 0.1ml, estimate to the nearest 0.025ml). 1.5.8 Return the tubes to the centrifuge and spin for another 10min at the same rate. Repeat this until the combined volume of water and sediment remains constant for two consecutive
Thereafter I used a pipette to meticulously drop in water up to the 250ml mark.
1. Fill the graduated cylinder nearly to the top with water, with a tall glass tube open at both ends (the water level with act as the closed end).
1. Receive your mystery powder test tube, then go to your lab station with your data packet and pencil.
I took the graduated cylinder and started filling it up with water until the bottom of the meniscus was to the the 100.0 mL mark with the assistance of a dropper pipet. I then took the 13 x 100 mm test tube and slowly poured the water from the graduated cylinder into the test tube until it was full to the top. I then poured the water in the test tube out into the sink and put the graduated cylinder on the counter so I can get an accurate measurement of the lower meniscus to record on my data table. I once again followed the same procedure again filling a second test tube with water from the graduated cylinder then setting it on a straight surface to get an accurate measure of the volume to
A. Water boils at 100°C at sea level. If the water in this experiment did not boil at 100°C, what could be the reason?
After the 5-minute period, take the Elodea and thermometer out of the beaker, pour the mixture into the beaker down the drain and rinse.
Fill a test tube about 1/3 full with cold tap water for use in step 34.
1. Gather appropriate lab equipment and secure a safe workspace with open ventilation, away from children and pets. All chemicals will be combined in the 96 well plate. Don’t contaminate end of pipet with other chemicals.
Volume of water This was kept constant by using a 200 ml beaker to fill up the jars used in the experiment. The uncertainty of the volume of the water was: +/- 10 ml
4.Measure 35mL of warm water and add them into each of the 4 test tubes at about roughly the same time. It is essential that the water is warm. Do not seal the test tube.
1.) Transfer the distillate to separatory funnel. Fluid didn’t seem very clear but sufficient to finish our lab on time.
1 ml of water should be added to the first test tube and make a note. In the second test tube, 1 ml of methyl alcohol should be added. In the third test tube, 1 ml of hexane must be added. Lastly, the fourth test tube will be a control.
Submerge the graduated cylinder in the plastic tub so that it is completely filled with water. Hold the open end of the graduated cylinder and move it vertically upside-down where the open end of the graduated cylinder is still submerged in the plastic tub. Clamp the graduated cylinder the ring stand of the lab table to keep it in place. perforate a hole in the top of the rubber cork for the solution container. Cut a straw the length of about four inches. place the straw inside of the rubber cork hole. Set up your timer for two minutes.
Remove the tubes and add 2-3 drops of Iodine – potassium – iodide solution to each tube.
7.When water bath is ready, put each test tube into the water bath. Wait 5 minutes.