Microorganism Causes Diabetic Foot Disease

Diabetes is a disease where the body is unable to produce or use insulin effectively. Insulin is needed for proper storage and use of carbohydrates. Without it, blood sugar levels can become too high or too low, resulting in a diabetic emergency. It affects about 7.8% of the population. The incidence of diabetes is known to increase with age. It’s the leading cause of end-stage renal disease in the US, and is the primary cause of blindness and foot and leg amputation. It is known to cause neuropathy in up to 70% of diabetic patients. Individuals with diabetes are twice as likely to develop cardiovascular disease. There are two types of diabetes: Type 1 and Type 2.

Type 2 Diabetes is a disease that is found in a variety of age groups around the world. This disease is growing at a rapid rate and it is impacting the health of this generation and future generations to come. Diabetes is a disease that impairs the body’s ability to produce or respond to the insulin hormone produced by the pancreas. The insulin allows for the glucose to be effectively used as energy throughout the body. Diabetes causes carbohydrates to be abnormally digested, which can raise blood glucose levels. This means that the glucose is not being taken up by the cells that need it. The cells cannot take up the excess glucose that has accumulated in the blood, so it is excreted through the urine. This can lead to problems with the kidneys, central nervous system, heart, and eyes because high blood glucose can damage the blood vessels of these organs. This diseased is managed by adopting a diet low in fat and high in fiber, increasing physical activity, losing excess weight, and not smoking. If this

In summation, diabetes is a constant battle with no end. In this current time, diabetes can only be treated but cannot be cured. Diabetes is not a simple disease as there are two types. The two type of diabetes are type 1 and type 2. They both affect two different age groups in the population. Type 1 affects the adolescence and type 2 affects adults in their late years. As with many diseases, the understanding of diabetes is continuous but many factors are known as how diabetes occurs in the body. With such understanding, diagnosis of diabetes is able to be done properly and the right type of diabetes is also established. By way of diagnosis, the right treatment can be

Diabetes has being around for many centuries and it’s still a current problem in our society. There is two types of diabetes type I and type II. Type I diabetes is an autoimmune disease and the usual treatment is insulin. With type I diabetes the pancreas doesn’t produce insulin a hormone that is necessary for the body; it’s important since it acts like a taxi because it facilitates the ride of sugar (glucose). Glucose is important to the cells because they rely on glucose for energy. Insulin helps the body to balance the glucose levels: by not letting the body become hyperglycemic (high sugar levels) or

Diabetes mellitus is a permanent condition which alters the body's ability to take in glucose consumed in food. The most common types of diabetes are type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes. Both of these conditions exhibit similar characteristics; the patient’s body synthesizes the carbohydrates and sugars consumed into glucose, but the body cells cannot take in the sugar. The body uses glucose to fuel its cells, however, for this to happen it requires a hormone called insulin. This hormone facilitates the uptake and conversion of glucose into energy. Therefore, in the case of the body not producing, lacking enough, or failure to use insulin, the patient suffers diabetes mellitus. Type 1 diabetes is a genetic condition, which begins in childhood thus the name juvenile-onset. In this condition, the body attacks its pancreas making it unable to produce insulin. This type of diabetes may lead to loss of eyesight or heart disease and stroke in extreme cases. Thus, it is vital for the patient to undergo treatment that involves taking in insulin. Type 2 diabetes accounts for 95% of all diagnosed cases in adults, initially, people referred it to as adult-onset diabetes. However, over time there has been a growth of overweight and obese kids

Diabetes is a condition caused by food intakes that are high in sugar and carbohydrates which eventually results in high blood sugar levels. Now there are two different types of Diabetes. There is Type 1 which is a genetic condition that requires the patient to inject insulin for the rest of their lives. Type II Diabetes is a condition due to multiple factors: obesity, inactivity, and even through genes. Some common symptoms caused by Type II Diabetes can be: Fatigue, excessive hunger and thirst, foot problems, numbness, excessive use of bathroom, loss of weight and vision blur.

Diabetes is a disease that is caused by high glucose levels due to a lack of insulin production. It commonly presents itself in two forms; Type 1 and Type 2. Although these both fall under the category of diabetes, they are displayed in various ways. Type 1 can appear in an individual at virtually any age. Typically, in Type 1 the patient suffers from an autoimmune disease that reduces the production of beta cells in the pancreas. The beta cells are responsible for the secretion of insulin therefore there is an insulin deficiency. The lack of insulin contributes to the instability of blood glucose levels. Common symptoms of Type 1 diabetes are polydipsia, polyphagia, polyuria, and weight loss due to the cell’s inability to absorb

Many people know someone who is a diabetic who had a toe, or even a foot or leg amputated. This is the worst case scenario and emphasizes the crucial importance of foot care for diabetics.

Roughly 25% of diabetic patients experience Diabetic foot ulcer infection during their lifetime due to poor blood glucose control. Diabetes mellitus is a major non-communicable diseases and public health problem [1]. According to the International diabetes federation, approximately 69.2 million people affected nationwide and worldwide 415 million people having diabetes [2]. The risk factors of foot ulcer are 10 times more predominant in diabetic patients as compared to without having diabetes [3]. Foot ulcer infection in patients with one or more of this risk factor which help to the development of wounds that can be poor to heal and predispose to other infection. Diabetes is the complex disease in which various factors such as

Diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disease and affects the body’s metabolism of carbohydrates. There are varying types of diabetes but patients are predominantly diagnosed with type 1 or 2. Type 1 is an insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and type 2 is a non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Patients are tested for diabetes by undergoing blood sugar tests or urinalysis. Typical symptoms are increased thirst, frequent urination, slowed healing, weight loss, excessive hunger, blurred vision and integument issues. Though this condition varies in severity, most patients can be treated with medications, by balancing their diets, and monitoring their blood sugar levels.

Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a major complication of diabetes mellitus [2]. Non-healing ulceration usually progress to amputation in spite of standard care. DFUs result from interaction of ;neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease and foot deformity. 80% of diabetic persons with foot ulcers present with peripheral neuropathy which is the greatest risk of foot ulceration [3]. Neuropathy in DM shows variable degrees of autonomic, sensory, and motor functions changes[4]. Motor neuropathy causes atrophy of the foot muscles resulting in clawing of the toes, sensory neuropathy results in repetitive trauma to the foot, and autonomic neuropathy changes skin consistency so accelerating ulcer formation [5] .40 to 50% of all patients show ischemic manifestations with the most having neuroischemic ulcers, and only few of them has purely ischemic

Evaluate care for a person with an acute or chronic diabetic foot problem, detail clinical presentation and discuss assessment, diagnosis, classification and treatment choices. Assess the need for medical and/or pharmacological management, justify your decisions using current guidelines, recommendations and literature. Further consider the role of the multidisciplinary foot team and discuss referral at the most appropriate stage of each intervention.

In this report, the condition of diabetes mellitus type 2 (Type 2 diabetes) will be examined. The first part of this report will focus on the aetiology of the condition, explaining how and why type 2 diabetes develops in patients. The pathophysiological changes attributed to the disease will then be outlined, with the major changes that contribute to the development of the condition being highlighted. The report will then conclude with a description of how these pathophysiological alterations produce the signs and symptoms associated with type 2 diabetes.

An example of clinical cases associated with biofilms is the nosocomial infection. This is caused by viral bacterial and fungal pathogens. A high amount of the infections acquired in a medical/hospital setting are due to biofilms on an inserted medical device. One of the common medical devices is a catheter. Other infectious processes that biofilms have been involved in are bacterial vaginosis and urinary tract infections. There can be two types of biofilms, bacteria in a biofilm which is what we find mostly in medical settings, and then when they are isolated in planktonic form (floating as an individual cell in water). There is an important difference between the two and the first reason biofilms are different from infections of a planktonic bacteria is because of the exopolysaccharide matrix, also known as EPS. The EPS is important in adhesion of the cells and interrupts the normal functions of the phagocytic cells of the immune system of the host. Biofilms are difficult in medical situations because of their willingness to resist antibiotics and can be hard to control if not done properly. Some of the reasons why biofilms can be resistant to antibiotics are, the antibiotic admitted is not able to move past the surface layer of such biofilm, the variety of chemical environments can impact the use of an antibiotic, and many of the antibiotics admitted require the bacteria that is

They have diminished inflammatory response even when extreme soft tissue and bone infection are present. Identification of foot infections in the patient with diabetes mellitus requires vigilance because the signs of infection may not be present ( Baranoski and Ayello, 2003,p.327). The most common bacteria found in non-limb threatening infection are Staphylococcus and Streptococcus. These infections should be treated with oral antibiotics. If the limb is threatened with the infection, parenteral antibiotics and surgical debridement of necrotic tissue needs to be executed. Most limb threatening infections are polymicrobial. Staphylococcus aureus, group B atreptococci, Enterococcus, and facultative Gram-negative bacilli are the major pathogens involved in these types of