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Classical organization theory evolved during the first half of this century. It represents the merger of scientific management, bureaucratic theory, and administrative theory.

"Classical Organizational Theory deals with the 'systematic processes necessary to make bureaucracy more efficient and effective.' Name three scholars that are credited with the development of classical organization thought that most correctly fit into this definition of Classical Organizational Theory. What were the basic arguments articulated by each in their contributions to the development of Classical Organizational Theory?"

Ben is a 22 year old and works as a photographer. He drinks a lot and goes to parties every single weekend with his friends. Ben has also started using heroin and became addicted to it while trying it out because of his friends. He grew up with his mum and had tough childhood as his mum is a single mum and also was addicted to alcohol. He grew up being exposed to alcohol ever since he was a child and he thinks that drinking alcohol excessively is normal. However, Ben got to the point that he no longer can live without alcohol and heroin and it started to affect his job and

The Remote Deposit Capture Project team is working hard to ensure that the new system meets expectations. Even though you have a detailed scope statement, schedule, and so on, you want to be sure that the project will please key stakeholders, in particular Harold, the project sponsor, and Tricia, the VP of Marketing. Both of these senior managers are very aware of customers’ needs, so it is important that the new service is stable, secure, and easy to use. They both want the remote deposit capture capability to be ready as soon as possible so the

6 3 The Earth is shaped like a sphere and is surrounded by an atmosphere. (a) The diagram shows a section of the layered structure of the Earth. Atmosphere Crust Mantle

However, they tend to have a focus on certain organizational aspects making the modern organization system be a blend of the three major perspectives. Based on organizational science that was formulated in the early 20th century there has been an emergence of rational, open and natural system theorists that explain the functioning of the organizations.

Identify at least three hazards which are commonly encountered in your workplace and briefly describe how these are controlled.

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The classical or traditional approach to management was generally concerned with the structure and the activities of formal organization. The utmost importance in the achievement of an effective organization were seen to be the issues such as the establishment of a hierarchy of authority, the division of work, and the span of control.

Lester, D., Parnell, J. A. (Eds.). (2006)., Organizational Theory: A Strategic Perspective. Mason, OH. Atomic

Set up a suitable organization to take all responsibility from workers except for actual job performance itself. Where managers apply scientific management principles to planning the work and the workers actually perform the tasks.

Assumptions of Organizational Economics Theory: organizations are superior to markets in managing complex and uncertain economic exchanges because they reduce the cost of transactions; different approaches to organizational economies share a common attention to explaining the emergence and expansion of organizations, hierarchies,

Taylorism is a management system which was popular in the late 19th century. It was designed to increase efficiency by breaking down and specialising repetitive tasks. This is exhibited as mentioned in ‘Selection and Development: A new perspective on some old problems’ that several jobs presently no longer consist of clusters of similar tasks, but are now process based collections of activities (Harrington, Hill & Linley 2005). According to Weber’s foundation of organisation theory; bureaucracy was portrayed as an “instrument or tool of unrivalled technical superiority which entailed charismatic, traditional and rational authority” (1978, cited in Clegg 1994). Thereafter, other theories derived based on the instrument being used as a form of manipulation. This is evident in Knights & Roberts’ (1982) concept of human resource management and staff misunderstanding the nature of power, treating it as if it were an individual possession, as opposed to a relationship between people (Knights & Roberts 1982). Subsequently, this led to the establishment of unions and increasing cooperative resistance in the workplace as employees seek change in the occupational structure (Courpasson & Clegg 2012). The change in this occupational structure was based around the ‘superior-inferior’ concept where managers prioritise their own success

The project was structured in several sections that yield information on major topics: planning, recruitment and selection; training and

Scott 's Perspective of Organization 's as Rational Systems in the perspective of Weber, Simon and Taylor.