Recent Theories On Translation Equivalence

In most cases, texts that are translated lose meaning, as sometimes words from a native language cannot be translated exactly into a desired language, or they lose context. World literature translations also lead to the ‘dangers of a single story’ where you only get to read one side of the story (the one of the author) without having a perspective of the natives about the story that was written. To understand, how language is used in world literature, and how text translations change our understanding and meaning of the text, we need to be able to understand the culture, have historical understanding of the time the literary work was written, and factors that might affect society in which the author had written.

This book is divided into 2 parts, the functions of language and language and thought. The deepest debt of the author in this book is to the general semantics. It is designed to educate the reader using concepts that are first explained in straightforward terms

There are times, most often in children's literature, that even characters do not translate. Take, for instance, the famed English Dr. Seuss character Sam I Am from the book "Green Eggs and Ham". One of the great thrills of reading Seuss is the magical rhythm and rhyme found in his verse. When translated, these elements are gone. Consider the Spanish: green eggs and ham becomes huevos verdes con jamón and "Sam I am" becomes "yo soy, Sam". Therefore:

Content equivalence –  An example of content equivalence would be to use basketball language in a test that is given to basketball player. The respondent is able to identify the content of the test.

Brian Friel's "Translations" 'Translations', by Brian Friel, presents us with an idyllic rural community turned on its head as the result of the recording and translation of place names into English; an action which is at first sight purely administrative. In Act 1 of the play, Friel brings together the inhabitants of this quaint Irish village in what can only be described as a gathering of minds - minds which study the classics, yet minds which study dead languages. In the same way, while this community is rich in culture and togetherness, it is also trapped in what is later described as a "contour which no longer matches the landscape of…fact". Thus, in expressing his ambivalence, Friel presents the reader with a

Analogously: A comparison between two things that shows how they are similar (Oxford south Africa, 2010, p 22 )

This paper begins by providing key terms for the argument before providing background of the situation. Figurative language is that which provides the reader with comparisons, substitutions and patterns in which shapes the meaning of Figurative language. However, most language is figurative in some sense, because word’s, do not have a single, objective meaning. “If we are true to ourselves, we can not be false to anyone”.

Translators are literary ambassadors, bringing a foreign work to the audience of the target language. Since the beginning of the semester, I have started to translate a novel called Alasfuriah, literally means “bird’s nest.” The title is used metaphorically

First, all Newmark’s strategies used by the two Egyptian translators will be identified and counted, then the frequency of applying each translation strategy of Newmark’s strategies by each translator will be found out. However, the two translators’ tendency for applying domestication or foreignization strategies will be further investigated and determined as well to detect how each translator deals with cultural aspects and how they convey meaning from one culture to another one and this will answer the second and the third questions of this

In this reflective essay I would like to shed some light in various learning styles as well as find out how do I or rather my mind functions when translating. Reading the book provided, I was surprised to find out many interesting and fascinating aspects of my learning process and about translating in general that I was not even aware of about myself. To begin I will briefly talk about my background in English language, then reflect on how do my current jobs come in to play with the discussed learning styles.

Under the influence of “cultural turn”that greatly expands the width and breadth of translation studies, translators and scholars have gradually realized that translation, literary translation in particular, is a sort of “creative treason”: creative in the sense that the translator must make subjective efforts to

Mirza Hadi Mohammad Ruswa, one of the best Urdu prose writers of all time wrote Umrao Jan Ada reflecting ‘the social milieu of the Muslim society in Northern India in the nineteenth century’. The original Urdu text exudes chaste and elegant Urdu of the 19th century Lucknowi society and captures a life-like picture of the socio-cultural ambience of the time. In order to forge the theoretical foundation, this paper attempts a definition of translation vis a vis traces the history of translation along with changing status of translation and translator today. Issues in translation in general are also discussed and such issues are applied to the text under study. The objective of the paper is to shed light on the issues that surface in the translation of Khushwant Singh’s Umrao Jan Ada. Translation issues such as verbal equivalents, culture, language, decoding and recoding, fidelity and untranslatability are discussed and analysed in this paper for a proper understanding of Khushwant Singh’s translation of Umrao Jan Ada. This paper adopted the method of close textual analysis of both the Source Text (ST) and Target Text (TT) along with application of various translation theories. The translational issues emanating from the texts are discussed and analysed in the light of various theories.

Equivalence is the central notion in discussing translation studies across decades, including theoretical or practical. “Proponents of equivalence-based theories of translation usually define equivalence as the relationship between a source text (ST) and a target text (TT) that allows the TT to be considered as a translation of the ST in the first place”(Baker ed. 1998:77). Mona Baker stated that the use of the notion of equivalence is ‘for the sake of convenience because most translators are used to it rather than because it has any theoretical status’ (1992:5-6). In this paper, I will assess the notion in light of the theories put forward by Eugene Nida and Werner Koller.

Collocations are a fascinating and a difficult linguistic phenomenon in language and in translation. They are repeated combinations of words whose co-occurrence is higher than chance. Collocations represent a key constituent of the lexicon of natural language. They are a very interesting and important phenomenon in language, whose importance is perhaps farther-reaching than previously thought. Recent studies on translation have demonstrated that collocations are very important lexical constituents of texts and thus in translation. Collocation is a lexical relation between words that are possible to combine usually with certain other words to form a semantic unit. This combination does not depend on rules but to certain constrains that determine the way they can be combined to convey meaning. The

In this essay I will discuss and comment on Mona Baker’s statement through Skopos theory, one of the most well-known translation theories, and its applications in deferent text types and genera. ( relationship between theory and practice) find out how the translator’s theoretical knowledge is needed in translation field.