1. Answer the following questions using the figure below: 1000 Normal BP Normal BP Normal BP 800 760 mm Hg 34.6 °C „78.3 °C 100 °c 600 Diethyl Ethanol ether 400 200 -20° 20° 40° 60° 80° 100° 120° Temperature (°C) a) Say which intermolecular forces are active between the molecules of each of the compounds shown in the graph. b) Place the three compounds in the figure in order or increasing intermolecular forces. c) What is the equilibrium vapour pressure of diethyl ether at room temperature (approximately 20°C)? If the pressure in a flask is 400 mm Hg and the temperature is 40°C, which of the three compounds (diethyl ether, ethanol and water) are liquids and which are gases? d) Pressure (mm Hg)
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are the organic compounds that are obtained in foods and living matters in the shape of sugars, cellulose, and starch. The general formula of carbohydrates is Cn(H2O)2. The ratio of H and O present in carbohydrates is identical to water.
Starch
Starch is a polysaccharide carbohydrate that belongs to the category of polysaccharide carbohydrates.
Mutarotation
The rotation of a particular structure of the chiral compound because of the epimerization is called mutarotation. It is the repercussion of the ring chain tautomerism. In terms of glucose, this can be defined as the modification in the equilibrium of the α- and β- glucose anomers upon its dissolution in the solvent water. This process is usually seen in the chemistry of carbohydrates.
L Sugar
A chemical compound that is represented with a molecular formula C6H12O6 is called L-(-) sugar. At the carbon’s 5th position, the hydroxyl group is placed to the compound’s left and therefore the sugar is represented as L(-)-sugar. It is capable of rotating the polarized light’s plane in the direction anticlockwise. L isomers are one of the 2 isomers formed by the configurational stereochemistry of the carbohydrates.
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