1. In one (1) sentence point out a key structural similarity and difference in each of the following pair of terms: a) Cellulose and chitin b) α (alpha)- and β(beta)- anomers c) glycosidic and ester bonds d) triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids e) linoleic and linolenic acids
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1. In one (1) sentence point out a key structural similarity and difference in each of the following pair of terms:
a) Cellulose and chitin
b) α (alpha)- and β(beta)- anomers
c) glycosidic and ester bonds
d) triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids
e) linoleic and linolenic acids
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- What is the monomer of a nucleic acid macromolecule?1.What reactive groups are involved in the formation of a peptide bond?2.A molecule of what substance must be removed in order to form a peptide bond?1. a. Explain why the melting point of palmitic acid (16 carbons, no double bonds) is slightly lower thanthat of stearic acid (18 carbons, no double bonds). Explain why the melting point of oleic acid (18carbons, one double bond) is lower than that of stearic acid b. A mixture of lipids containing phosphatidic acid, cholesterol, testosterone, phosphatidylserine, andphosphatidylethanolamine was applied to a hydrophobic interaction chromatography column. Thecolumn was washed with a high salt buffer, and the lipids were then eluted with decreasing saltconcentrations. In what order would the lipids be eluted from the column? Explain your answer.
- 3b) Both cysteine and methionine have sulfer in their side groups, but only cysteine side groups for disulfide bonds. Why don't methionine side groups also form covalent bonds with each other (or with a cysteine side group)?1. Draw the structure of a cholesterol ester where cholesterol is esterified with palmitic acid. is this polar or nonpolar acid 2. Draw the strucutre of lecithin containing stearic acid on carbon 1 and arachidonic acid on carbon 2 of glycerol. is this polar or nonpolar acid 3.Disccuss the medical sginificance of cholesterol , cholesterol ester,l ecithin and choline . 4. Give examples of phosphoglycerides and sphingolipids of biological importance .1. Choose the proper structure of the predominant form of L-M-L-P-D-T at pH 5. Provide a short explanation. 2. Choose the proper structure of the predominant form of L-A-L-Y at pH 11. Provide a short explanation.
- 1. What type of monomer/macromolecule is glucose (please be more specific than just carbohydrate since both starch and glucose are carbohydrates)? 2. What type of monomer/macromolecule is starch (please be more specific than just carbohydrate since both starch and glucose are carbohydrates)?1. Why do proteins become polycations at extremely low pH and become polyanions at very high pH? 2. Explain why hydrogen bonding is important to protein structure.1. A triglyceride contains three octadecanoic acods as the hydrocarbon tail. How many carbons will be in the whole molecule?