6. In the Solow model, a decrease in the capital depreciation rate: O Increases the saving rate. O Increases consumption per capita and decreases investment per capita. O Increases savings per capita but decreases investment per capita. O Note of the above.
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- I have to change the savings rate, but trying to figure out how to start. Let’s work out 5 periods of a Solow model with labor augmenting productivity (Z) growth. In your toy economy, the savings rate is 10%, and the depreciation rate is 50% (the high depreciation rate will get us to steady-state faster--think of each period as a decade). The population is fixed (treat it as one worker, N=1 forever). You always start off with 1 unit of capital, and TFP = Z = 1 during the first period. Since TFP and population never change, output each period is created this way: Yt = Kt(1/3)Zt(2/3) Consider two worlds: One where labor augmenting productivity (Z) grows 20% per period, and one where labor augmenting productivity (Z) grows 10% per period Answer the following questions for each of the two worlds What is capital each year, in years 1-5? What is GDP each year, in years 1-5? What is the marginal product of capital each year (MPK) in years 1-5? What is the wage in each period? In a steady…A) Suppose there are two countries that are identical in every way with the following exception: Country A has a higher saving rate than country B. Given this information, we know with certainty that A) Country A will experience capital widening b) growth rate of output per sopita in the steady state is same in two countries c) K/N is higher in country B d) growth rate of output per capita in the steady state is higher in country A B) When expectations are taken into account, a policy to reduce budget deficit may not lead to a fall in output in the current period. Which of the followings cannot be listed as factor that offsets the detrimental impact of fiscal contraction on the output in the short run? a) Increasing tax rates harshly to finance deficit. b) Credibility of the deficit reduction program. c) Cutting wasteful spending and leaving room for future tax cuts. d) Backloading the deficit reduction, leaving larger cuts in government spending to the future while only small cuts…2. Solow-Swan Model (a) You will demonstrate the importance of diminishing returns to capital in the Solow-Swanmodel. Draw a Solow-Swan diagram in which there are constant returns to capital. Thiswould happen if the production function were Yt= AKt, where A = 1. Furthermore,assume that the sum of population growth and the depreciation rate is greater than thesaving rate. Does the economy converge to a steady state in this case? To answer thisquestion, you should draw a Solow-Swan diagram in terms of output per person, as we didin class. Use this diagram to explain why the economy converges to a steady state or doesnot. (b) Assume, instead, that the sum of population growth and the depreciation rate is equal tothe saving rate. In this case, are there any steady states? If yes, describe the steady-statelevels of capital per person. If no, explain why not. (Note: Diagram is not needed for thispart.)
- 14... Consider this statement: “Devoting a larger share of national output to investment would help to restore rapid productivity growth and rising living standards.” Under what conditions is the statement accurate?Assume that a country's per-worker production is y = k1/2, where y is output per worker and kis capital per worker. Assume also that 10 percent of capital depreciates per year (= 0.10) 2 andthere is no population growth or technological change.a. If the saving rate (s) is 0.4, what are capital per worker, production per worker, andconsumption per worker in the steady state?b. Solve for steady-state capital per worker, production per worker, and consumption perworker with s = 0.6.c. Solve for steady-state capital per worker, production per worker, and consumption perworker with s = 0.8.d. Is it possible to save too much? Why?10.In the Solow model of economic growth, a country with a higher rate of capital depreciation will, ceteris paribus, have a steady-state equilibrium withA. lower output per worker.B. higher capital to labour ratio.C. the same capital to labour ratio.D. more investment. PROVIDE A BRIEF WRITTEN EXPLANATION JUSTIFYING YOUR CHOICE.
- Consider the Solow Model with no population or technological growth. Suppose that two countriesare identical except that in Country A the depreciation rate is greater than the depreciation rate inCountry B.a. How do you compare the steady state level of capital per worker in these countries? Illustrategraphically. Explain the economic intuition for the di erences in capital per worker in steadystate.b. Which country a higher output per worker in steady state? What about investment per workerin steady state? Explain carefully.Suppose that the production function is Y= 10(K)1/4 (L)3/4 and capital lasts for an average of 50 years so that 2% of capital wears out every year. Assume that the rate of growth of population equals 0. If the saving rate, s =0.128, calculate the steady-state level of capital per worker, output per worker, consumption per worker, saving and investment per worker and depreciation per worker.4. The Solow model describes: how saving rates are determined the static relationship between capital and output how savings, population growth, and technological change affect output over time how savings, population growth, and technological change affect output in a single period what constitutes technological change
- 4. With the aid of appropriate diagrams analyse the effect of an increase in the saving rate in the Solow growth model. The variables of interest are: i. Capital per effective worker in the short run and the long run. ii. Output per effective worker in the short run and the long run. iii. The growth rate of output per effective worker in the short- and long run.7. Assume an economy without population growth or technological progress. Their production function is given by ? = 35?0.5. Their currency capital stock is 100, and the depreciation rate is 17.5%. Give a savings rate such that: Income per worker will grow over the current period Income per worker stay the same over the current period Income per worker will fall over the current period (Hint: First, find how the capital stock will change with the savings rate you choose, then how will this change in capital stock affect income per worker?)Suppose that every additional 3 percentage points in the investment rate boosts GDP growth by 1 percentage point. Assume also that all investment must be financed with consumer saving. Note: Investment rate = Investment/GDP The economy is currently characterized by Consumption: $11 trillion Saving (= Investment): $3 trillion GDP: $14 trillion If the goal is to raise the growth rate by 2 percentage points, a. by how much must investment increase? billion b. by how much must consumption decline? billion