Considering the evidence that led Krebs to propose a cyclic pathway for oxidation of pyruvate, discuss the type of experimental evidence that might have led to realization of the cyclic nature of the glyoxylate pathway.
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- Based on your knowledge of the structure of NAD+ and an assumption that coenzyme dissociation is the rate limiting step of the alcohol dehydrogenase mechanism, hypothesize why a N249W mutation at the coenzyme binding site would increase the rate of catalysis.Using the ActiveModel for enoyl-CoA dehydratase, give an example of a case in which conserved residues in slightly different positions can change the catalytic rate of reaction.Considering the evidence that led Krebs to propose a cyclic pathway for oxidation of pyruvate, discuss the type of experimental evidence that might have led to realization of the cyclic nature of the glyoxylate pathway
- A molecule -X inhibits oxidation of stearoyl-CoA by isolated mitochondria but has no effect on palmitoyl-carnitine oxidation, explain.The conversion of 1 mol of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate to 2 mol of pyruvate by the glycolytic pathway results in what type of net formation?Describe in detail the structure of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex.
- What are the similarities and differences between the reactions catalyzed by pyruvate dehydrogenase and a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase?Under anaerobic circumstances, why is pyruvate converted to lactate?When the identical subunits of chicken liver fatty acid synthase are dissociated in vitro, all of the activities can be detected in the separated subunits except for the β-ketoacyl synthase reaction and the overall synthesis of palmitate. Explain these observations.
- The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to form acetyl‑CoA. E1E1 , E2E2 , and E3E3 are abbreviations for the enzymes of the complex. Classify the enzyme names, prosthetic groups, and reactions as E1E1 , E2E2 , or E3E3 .. Pyruvate can be processed under anaerobic conditions to ethanol (in yeast) or to lactate (in mammals), as shown. Explain the primary purpose of these reactions. Describe the major biochemical features of each reactionWhy does it make metabolic sense for ADP and GDP to inhibit ribose phosphate pyrophosphokinase?