Find the Nash equilibrium in pure strategies when 1. Ben and Jerry move at the same time, not knowing what the other does. 2. Ben moves first, then Jerry can observe this and subsequently makes his choice. 3. Jerry moves first, then Ben can observe this and subsequently makes his choice.
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- Sadaam Hussein is deciding where to hide his weapons of mass destruction(WMD), while the United Nations is deciding where to look for them. Thepayoff to Hussein from successfully hiding WMD is 5 and from havingthem found is 2. For the UN, the payoff to finding WMD is 9 and from notfinding them is 4. Hussein can hide them in facility X, Y, or Z. The UNinspection team has to decide which facilities to check. Because the inspectors are limited in terms of time and personnel, they cannot check allfacilities.a. Suppose the UN has two pure strategies: It can either inspect facilitiesX and Y (both of which are geographically close to each other) orinspect facility Z. Find a Nash equilibrium in mixed strategies.b. Suppose the UN can inspect any two facilities, so that it has three purestrategies. The UN can inspect X and Y, X and Z, or Y and Z. Find aNash equilibrium in mixed strategies.Two athletes of equal ability are competing for aprize of $10,000. Each is deciding whether to takea dangerous performance-enhancing drug. If oneathlete takes the drug and the other does not, the onewho takes the drug wins the prize. If both or neithertake the drug, they tie and split the prize. Taking thedrug imposes health risks that are equivalent to a lossof X dollars.QuickQuiz Answers1. d 2. c 3. a 4. d 5. c 6. b 7. d 8. ba. Draw a 2×2 payoff matrix describing the decisionsthe athletes face.b. For what X is taking the drug the Nashequilibrium?c. Does making the drug safer (that is, lowering X)make the athletes better or worse off? Explain.You read about a traveling situation in which some airline passengers seem toget a “fast pass” through security and move effortlessly through the boarding process, while other passengers are waiting in long lines. In this example, the travellers who are moving quickly through the boarding process are probably: a) VIP passengers waiting longer more in an inconvenient lines b) Passengers who value time and convenience and are willing to pay additional fees for the privileges and other services c) Loyal passengers whom they knew beforehand in which line to go to avoid delays and inconveniences d) Government officials who are seated in the executive area
- Choice under uncertainty. Consider a coin-toss game in which the player gets $30 if they win, and $5 if they lose. The probability of winning is 50%. (a) Alan is (just) willing to pay $15 to play this game. What is Alan’s attitude to risk? Show your work.(b) Assume a market with many identical Alans, who are all forced to pay $15 to play this coin-toss game. An insurer offers an insurance policy to protect the Alans from the risk. What would be the fair (zero profit) premium on this policy? i need help with question B please.An old lady is looking for help crossing the street. Only one person is needed to help her; if more people help her, this is no better. You and I are the two people in the vicinity who can help; we have to choose simultaneously whether to do so. Each of us will get pleasure worth a 3 from her success (no matter who helps her), But each one who goes to help will bear a cost of 1, this being the value of our time taken up in helping. If neither player helps, the payoff for each player is zero. Set up this game in strategic form.It is the week before the Yule Ball Dance, and Victor and Ron are each contemplating whether to ask Hermione. As portrayed above, Victor moves first by deciding whether or not to approach Hermione. (Keep in mind that asking a girl to a dance is more frightening than a rogue bludger). If he gets up the gumption to invite her, then Hermione decides whether or not to accept the invitation and go with Victor. After Victor (and possibly Hermione) have acted, Ron decides whether to conquer his case of nerves (perhaps Harry can trick him by making him think he’s drunk Felix Felicis) and finally tell Hermione how he feels about her (and also invite her to the dance). However, note that his information set is such that he doesn’t know what has happened between Victor and Hermione. Ron doesn’t know whether Victor asked Hermione and, if Victor did, whether Hermione accepted. If Ron does invite Hermione and she is not going with Victor— either because Victor didn’t ask, or he did and she…
- . Each answer should consist of one paragraph that contain analysis (not opinion). 1 Consider a highway with a hot lane and a lane that has no toll. Assuming that the toll must be paid by all cars that use the hot lane, no matter how many people are riding in them. What can you predict about the average occupancy of vehicles in the hot lane compared to vehicles in the other lane during rush hour? 2. Explain how making something illegal (like sex, booze or drugs) impacts the quality, quantity and price of the illegal substance. In addition, are there any unintended consequences of making drugs illegal that can cause harm to people? 3 Anti-fracking “Baptists” include those concerned with any further environmental degradation from extracting non-renewable resources from the earth. Identify the “bootleggers” who would support the Baptists, albeit not so publicly, but still forcefully. Why would these…If opportunity cost of going to prison for a person falls,this person is less likely to commit a criminal act true or false?Daniel and Kevin are two hardworking builders for solo, independently-owned companies. They can produce Chairs and Tables. As a result, they each have PPFs (Possibilities Production Frontiers) that illustrate their production. Daniel's PPF is shown by the equation: Qc = 12 - 3Qt. Likewise, Kevin's PPF is shown by the equation: Qt = 12 - 3Qc. Since they trust each other and are honest in their terms, Daniel and Kevin trade with each other and only each other; they do not take their goods to markets, and they do not interact with outside sellers/buyers. Since they want to make sure that they provide for their families in the most fair way possible, they set up and agree upon a few terms of trade. The terms are as follows: FIRST, the terms of trade are 1 Chair in exchange for 1 Table. SECOND, each of them specializes according to their own comparative advantage. THIRD, since Kevin needs a few extra things, he CONSUMES 3 units of the goods that he produces. With that said, I have a few…
- The conventional wisdom for urban economic development is: “Don’t put all your eggs in one basket. Diversify the economy.” To explain the idea of diversification, consider old McDonald, who must carry a dozen eggs from the barn to the house. The ground between the barn and the house is slippery, so there is a 50 percent chance that McDonald will slip on a given trip and break all the eggs in his basket. Consider two strategies: a one-basket strategy (a single trip with all 12 eggs) and a two-basket strategy (two trips, with 6 eggs per trip). INDEPTH ANSWERS. Questions= (1.)List all of the possible outcomes under each of the strategies. Question (2.)What is the expected number of delivered (unbroken) eggs under each strategy ? Question (3.)What are the trade-offs between the two strategies? If you were McDonald, which strategy would you adopt? Question (4.)What are the lessons for economic development strategies?5) Three legislators are set to vote on a bill to raise the salary of legislators. The majority wins, so all three will receive the raise if at least two of them vote in favor of the bill. The raise is valued at R by each legislator. Voting in favor of the bill comes with political backlash from constituents, though, even if the bill fails. Let C be the cost of backlash for anyone voting in favor of the bill. Finally, suppose that 0 < C < R. There are four possible payoffs for each legislator: 0: if they vote against the bill and at least one other legislator votes against it (so the bill fails) R: if they vote against the bill and the others vote for the bill (so the bill passes) -C: if they vote for the bill and no one else votes for the bill (so the bill fails) R-C: if they vote for the bill and at least one other legislator votes for it (so the bill passes). The three legislators are named X, Y, and Z, and voting happens sequentially and orally. So X announces their vote (to…