> 3 CO,(g) + 4 H,0(g) Consider the following reaction: C,H,(g) + 5 0,(g) This is carried out in a sealed, rigid container at 400°C. Initially, the reaction vessel is charged with 2.0 atm C,H, and 12.0 atm O,. What will be the total pressure in that vessel after the reac- tion is complete?
Ideal and Real Gases
Ideal gases obey conditions of the general gas laws under all states of pressure and temperature. Ideal gases are also named perfect gases. The attributes of ideal gases are as follows,
Gas Laws
Gas laws describe the ways in which volume, temperature, pressure, and other conditions correlate when matter is in a gaseous state. The very first observations about the physical properties of gases was made by Robert Boyle in 1662. Later discoveries were made by Charles, Gay-Lussac, Avogadro, and others. Eventually, these observations were combined to produce the ideal gas law.
Gaseous State
It is well known that matter exists in different forms in our surroundings. There are five known states of matter, such as solids, gases, liquids, plasma and Bose-Einstein condensate. The last two are known newly in the recent days. Thus, the detailed forms of matter studied are solids, gases and liquids. The best example of a substance that is present in different states is water. It is solid ice, gaseous vapor or steam and liquid water depending on the temperature and pressure conditions. This is due to the difference in the intermolecular forces and distances. The occurrence of three different phases is due to the difference in the two major forces, the force which tends to tightly hold molecules i.e., forces of attraction and the disruptive forces obtained from the thermal energy of molecules.
![Departmental Problems for Chapter 5: Gases
In the 2015 AFC championship football game, it was alleged that the New England Patriots ber
the rules by using underinflated footballs. NFL regulations require footballs to be inflated to
between 12.5 and 13.5 psi (psi = pounds per square inch). [Note: this is gauge pressure, not ab-
solute pressure.] One football actually used in the game was measured to have a pressure of onl
10.5 psi (gauge). One of the Patriots' coaches later alleged that the explanation was due simply
gas behavior: pressure decreases as the temperature decreases.
Let's examine that last claim. Suppose that the football remained sealed and nearly rigid (i.e.
the volume and moles of gas within the ball did not change). A nearby airport measured the air
pressure at game time to be 100.95 kPa. The temperature on the field at the start of the game was
51°F. Suppose that the ball was originally inflated in the locker room to the minimum pressure of
12.5 psi (gauge). In order to account for the drop in pressure observed, what must have been the
temperature in the locker room, in Fahrenheit, when the ball was inflated?
→ 3 CO,(g) + 4 H,O(g)
2. Consider the following reaction: C,H,(g) + 5 0,(g)
This is carried out in a sealed, rigid container at 400°C. Initially, the reaction vessel is charged
with 2.0 atm C,H, and 12.0 atm O,. What will be the total pressure in that vessel after the reac-
tion is complete?
8.
2'
3. A 0.85 g aqueous solution of H,O, is decomposed into water and oxygen gas as shown below.
The O, gas is collected by water displacement, resulting in a mixture of oxygen gas and water
vapor. The temperature of the collected gas is 26.0 °C and its volume is 38.2 mL when measured
at atmospheric pressure. Calculate the original mass percent of the H,O, solution. (The vapor
pressure of water at various temperatures is shown below.)
2 H,O,(aq)
> 2 H,O(g) + 0,(g)
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
Temperature (°C](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F101fc2a6-95c5-47bc-87a3-9dfee191d299%2Fe2a51870-2310-4ab4-b4cd-9715fbe0d3f3%2Fwb1aa0x_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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