One of the most common types of kidney stones are composed of calcium oxalate. In addition to calcium oxalate another product is also formed in the formation of kidney stones in the body. Certain foods are high in oxalate and lead to an increase of forming kidney stones in the human body. These high-risk foods are as follows: Spinach Swiss Chard Almonds (nuts in general) Sesame Seeds Soy Products (such as soy-based milk, cheese, yogurt) Sweet Potatoes Okra Beets Chocolate Black Tea Another risk factor to developing kidney stones is not drinking enough water. Males have a higher chance than females of developing kidney stones, with the average age being 30. Oxalate in food binds to calcium during digestion in the stomach and intestines and then is excreted in the body as waste. If too much oxalate appears in the urine and not enough liquid (due to not drinking enough water), then calcium oxalate crystals form, which are the kidney stone. A 35 year old male was taken to the hospital with excruciating pain in the lower abdominal area. It was discovered that this patient drank no more than half a glass of water each day over the past week, while drinking at least three cups of black tea on the same days. Additionally, the patient regularly eats very large quantities of spinach. Upon further analysis, it was determined that the presence of Calcium Iodideand Sodium Oxalate may have led to the pain that the patient was experiencing. Determine whether or not kidney stones could be the probable cause of the lower abdominal pain for this patient by answering the following questions (Be sure to show your work for all parts): Assume that Calcium Iodideand Sodium Oxalate are the starting substances (reactants) in the reaction: a. Write a balanced chemical equation describing the formation of kidney stones, using the information in the case study. b.State the names of the products that are produced from this reaction. c.Write complete ionic and net ionic reactions for the balanced equation in part (a). d. What type of reaction(s) is/are being represented by the chemical reaction you wrote in part (a)? e. The patient consumed 1.25 g of calcium iodide and 2.93 g of sodium oxalate in the past 3 days. Theoretically, what mass of solid product could be formed from these amounts of reactants? What is the limiting reactant? f. What is the % yield if 0.478 g of the solid product was actually obtained? g. Based on your answers to parts (a) - (f), determine if the patient might be suffering from kidney stones.
One of the most common types of kidney stones are composed of calcium oxalate. In addition to calcium oxalate another product is also formed in the formation of kidney stones in the body. Certain foods are high in oxalate and lead to an increase of forming kidney stones in the human body. These high-risk foods are as follows:
Spinach
Swiss Chard
Almonds (nuts in general)
Sesame Seeds
Soy Products (such as soy-based milk, cheese, yogurt)
Sweet Potatoes
Okra
Beets
Chocolate
Black Tea
Another risk factor to developing kidney stones is not drinking enough water. Males have a higher chance than females of developing kidney stones, with the average age being 30. Oxalate in food binds to calcium during digestion in the stomach and intestines and then is excreted in the body as waste. If too much oxalate appears in the urine and not enough liquid (due to not drinking enough water), then calcium oxalate crystals form, which are the kidney stone.
A 35 year old male was taken to the hospital with excruciating pain in the lower abdominal area. It was discovered that this patient drank no more than half a glass of water each day over the past week, while drinking at least three cups of black tea on the same days. Additionally, the patient regularly eats very large quantities of spinach. Upon further analysis, it was determined that the presence of Calcium Iodideand Sodium Oxalate may have led to the pain that the patient was experiencing. Determine whether or not kidney stones could be the probable cause of the lower abdominal pain for this patient by answering the following questions (Be sure to show your work for all parts):
- Assume that Calcium Iodideand Sodium Oxalate are the starting substances (reactants) in the reaction:
a. Write a balanced chemical equation describing the formation of kidney stones, using the information in the case study.
b.State the names of the products that are produced from this reaction.
c.Write complete ionic and net ionic reactions for the balanced equation in part (a).
d. What type of reaction(s) is/are being represented by the
e. The patient consumed 1.25 g of calcium iodide and 2.93 g of sodium oxalate in the past 3 days. Theoretically, what mass of solid product could be formed from these amounts of reactants? What is the limiting reactant?
f. What is the % yield if 0.478 g of the solid product was actually obtained?
g. Based on your answers to parts (a) - (f), determine if the patient might be suffering from kidney stones.
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