The following question is on energetics and bonding. The diagram below represents some enthalpy changes in aqueous solution for sodium chloride.  Use symbols to indiicate the species present at A, B, & C on the diagram below.  Calculate the molar enthalpy of solution of sodium chloride  Predict, giving reasons whether the value for the enthalpy of hydration for sodium bromide will be the same, less than or greater than the value for sodium chloride.

Q: Can we predict trends in the enthalpy of solution, ΔsolnH∘, using charge density?

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Q: Toluene and pyridine form ideal solutions. Consider a solution of toluene and pyridine prepared at…

A: Given,  At 25 °C,  the vapour pressure of toluene = 28 torr  And the vapour pressure of pyridine =…

Q: What is the  of effect of stirring  on the freezing point of pure acetic acid? why?

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Q: The vapor pressure of pure water at 110 °C is 1070 torr. A solution of ethylene glycol and water has…

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Q: Calculate the boiling point elevation of 0.100 kg of water containing 0.010 mol of NaCl, 0.020 mol…

A: When a solute is added to a solvent, the vapour pressure of solvent decreases and boiling point…

Q: The lattice energy of a particular salt is ΔHlattice = -235 kJ/mol. If the enthalpy of the solvent…

A: For an ionic compound, the relation between ∆Hlattice and ∆Hsolute is:

Q: Silver nitrate has a lattice energy of -820 kJ/mol and a heat of solution of 22.6 kJ>mol.…

A: Given data: Lattice energy (∆Hlattice) = -820 kJ/mol Heat of solution (∆Hsolution) = 22.6 kJ/mol

Q: The vapor pressures of pure compounds A and B at 25.00 °C are 70.8 torr and 88.6 torr, respectively.…

A: Since you have posted multiple questions we will solve only first question for you. If you want any…

Q: What is the freezing point of a 0.10 molal ethanol solution if its solute was determined to be a…

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Q: 1.0 GRAMS of an electrolyte was dissolved in 29 grams of water, the resulting solution was found to…

A: Given,Mass of the electrolyte (solute) = 1.0 gMolecular weight of the electrolyte = 179.7…

Q: 4. Draw a boiling point-composition diagram for an ideal binary solution. With the aid of the…

A: Let a be the point where starting composition of the solution to be distilled. Let b be the vapor…

Q: Which aqueous solution has a boiling point closer to its predicted/calculated value, 0.030 m KBr or…

A: Check the ∆Tb value for both solution and check which one has higher value.

Q: A metal, M, of atomic mass 56 amu reacts with chlorine to form a salt that can be represented as…

A: Since the elevation is boiling point is = boiling point of solution -  boiling point of solvent  And…

Q: Comment on the following statement: The more negative the enthalpy of hydration of a compound, the…

A: Enthalpy of hydration is the energy released during solvation of compound in water.

Q: In a laboratory experiment, students synthesized a new compound and found that when 10.28 grams of…

A: Interpretation -  To determine the molecular weight of the compound (in g/mol ) when 10.28 grams of…

Q: An antiseptic solution is made by mixing phenol with water in the ratio 2: 25. This solution is then…

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Q: Oxygen (O2) is necessary for cellular respiration; it must be transported from the lungs to tissues…

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Q: Assume you have a 3.60m solution that depressed the freezing point of the solution by 0.851°C. What…

A: Molality=3.60m Depression in freezing point= 0.85 1°C

Q: An aqueous chloric acid solution has a sp. gr. of 1.124 and contains 26.02% by mass. Calculate M, N,…

A: The number of moles is a ratio of the mass of a substance to the molar mass of the substance.…

Q: what is the molar mass of the compound?

A: We know that  ∆Tf = iK × mass of solute(g)/molar mass of solute(G) ×(1/mass of solution in Kg)…

Q: The osmotic pressure of an aqueous solution at 288K is 99.0 kPa. Calculate molality concentration

A: We have to find molality of solution

Q: Calculate the masses of oxygen and nitrogen that are dissolved in 1.5 L of aqueous solution in…

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Q: AT 298K, the vapor pressure of pure water is 23.76 mmHg and that of seawater is 22.98 mmHg. Assuming…

A: Given: Vapor pressure of pure water = 23.76 mm Hg Vapor pressure of seawater    = 22.98 mm Hg…

Q: Table 4. Enthalpy of solution of salts data and calculations NHẠNO3 MgSO4 [1] Mass of salt (g) 1.991…

A: Given: Let the density of water be 1 g/mL.   NH4NO3 MgSO4 mass of salt (g) 1.991 2.000 volume…

Q: Calculate the boiling point of a mixture where 70.6 g of formic acid, H,CO,, is dissolved in 250 g…

A: Boiling point of solutions is greater than boiling point of solvent

Q: Consider a insoluble salt in which the absolute value of the heat of hydration is less than the…

A: For hydration, sufficient energy has to provide, so that it can provide lattice energy and salt…

Q: A metal, M, of atomic mass 56 amu reacts with chlorine to form a salt that can be represented as…

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Q: Question 9 Consider a solution consisting of 1.75 mol water and 0.97 mol ethanol. What is the Gibbs…

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Q: How does Sb3N5(s) break up in solution? Write subscripts and superscripts as normal numbers and do…

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Q: enthalpy of formation of ammonium salts a) Explain how (temperature change) would be affected if a…

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Q: Calculate the freezing point of the solution formed when 5.85g of NaCl dissolved in 200g of water.…

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Q: the spaces 1- Measurement of the volume of a solution with a known concentration is done by the…

A: Few questions based on volumetric analysis, which are to be accomplished.

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Q: State ‘Raoult’s Law’ for a solution of volatile liquids.

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Q: What is the change in the boiling point of the aqueous solution?

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Q: What will be the freezing point of the resulting solution if a non-electrolyte solution was…

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Q: In a laboratory experiment, students synthesized a new compound and found that when 11.06 grams of…

A: Osmotic pressure is a colligative property meaning it depends upon on the amount of solute or ions…

Q: Enumerate at least two colligative properties and explain its principle

A: Colligative properties are the properties of solution which depends only upon the number of moles of…

Q: The freezing-point depression constant of pure H2SO4 is6.12 K kg mol-1 . When 2.3 g of ethanol…

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Q: Silver nitrate has a lattice energy of −8.20 × 10<span class="sup">2</span> kJ/mol and a…

A: Given data:

Q: A metal, MM, of atomic mass 56 amu reacts with chlorine to form a salt that can be represented as…

A: Given that : Atomic mass of metal M = 56 amu Mass of sample of the salt = 42.9 g Mass of water =…

Q: The vapor pressure of pure water at 110C is 1070 torr. A solution of ethylene glycol and water has…

A:

Q: The freezing point of a liquid will change when a solute is added. Explain how the addition of salt…

A: Hello. Since your question has multiple sub-parts, we will solve the first three sub-parts for you.…

Q: Groups 1 and 2 metals could form (i) hydroxides and (ii) sulphates. Arrange these in the order of…

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Q: A metal, M, of atomic mass 56 amu reacts with chlorine to form a salt that can be represented as…

A: The formula for the elevation of boiling point is: ΔTb = i × Kb × m. ΔTb = 377.4 -373.15 K        =…

Q: (a) Calculate the theoretical lattice energy for the salt CaF2. (b) The hydration enthalpy of Ca²+…

A: The theoretical lattice enthalpy of CaF2 is calculated by using Born-Haber cycle. The reaction…

Q: What is the molar enthalpy change of solution for lithium iodide if the lattice energy is 732 kJ…

A: Enthalpy of solution is the sun of lattice enthalpy and hydration energy.

Q: *5.47. A nonideal solution contains na of substance A and nB of substance B and the mole fractions…

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Q: For ΔH(soln) to be very small, what quantities must be nearly equal in magnitude? Will their signs…

A: The enthalpy change of solution is the enthalpy change when one mole of the ions is dissolved in…

Solutions

Solutions can be considered as homogeneous mixtures which contain two or more than two chemical substances. The chemical substance which is the greater part is defined as solvent. And the chemical substance that is dissolved in a solvent is referred to as solute. Solution chemistry plays an important role in chemistry since it supports many commercial applications of solutions.