When two individuals produce eff iciently and thenmake a mutually beneficial trade based on com para~tive advantage,a. they both obtain consumption outside their productionpossi bil ities frontier.b. they both obtain consumption inside their p rod u c ~tion possi bil ities frontier.c. one individual consumes inside her productionpossibilit ies frontier, while the other consumesoutside hers.d. each ind ividual consumes a poi nt on her ownproduction possibi lities frontier.

When two individuals produce eff iciently and thenmake a mutually beneficial trade based on com para~tive advantage,a. they both obtain consumption outside their productionpossi bil ities frontier.b. they both obtain consumption inside their p rod u c ~tion possi bil ities frontier.c. one individual consumes inside her productionpossibilit ies frontier, while the other consumesoutside hers.d. each ind ividual consumes a poi nt on her ownproduction possibi lities frontier.

Principles of Microeconomics

7th Edition

ISBN:9781305156050

Author:N. Gregory Mankiw

Publisher:N. Gregory Mankiw

Chapter3: Interdependence And The Gains From Trade

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3CQQ

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

The first principle of economics in Chapter 1 is thatpeople face trade-offs. Use a production possibilitiesfrontier to illustrate society’s trade-off between two“goods”—a clean environment and the quantity ofindustrial output. What do you suppose determinesthe shape and position of the frontier? Show whathappens to the frontier if engineers develop anew way of producing electricity that emits fewerpollutants
Need help with this homework thinking question (about opportunity costs) Sigmund Freud, in his 1930 essay Civilization and Its Discontents, argues that thesublimation of sexual desire leads to the mental energy required for advances in civiliza-tion: science, art, politics, etc. He writes,“Sublimation of instinct [such as sexual instinct] is an especially conspicu-ous feature of cultural development; it is what makes it possible for higherpsychical activities, scientific, artistic, or ideological, to play such an impor-tant part in civilized life... it is impossible to overlook the extent to whichcivilization is built up upon a renunciation of instinct...” How would an economist phrase Freud’s argument, in terms of opportunity costs? Might this explain the development of monogamous marriage as an institution?
The first principle of economics in Chapter 1 is thatpeople face trade-offs. Use a production possibilitiesfrontier to illustrate society’s trade-off between two“goods”—a clean environment and the quantity ofindustrial output. What do you suppose determinesthe shape and position of the frontier? Show whathappens to the frontier if engineers develop anew way of producing electricity that emits fewerpollutants cars. In an hour, Larry can either mow one lawn orwash one car; Moe can either mow one lawn or washtwo cars; and Curly can either mow two lawns orwash one car.a. Calculate how much of each service is producedin the following scenarios, which we label A, B,C, and D:• All three spend all their time mowing lawns. (A)• All three spend all their time washing cars. (B)• All three spend half their time on each activity. (C)• Larry spends half his time on each activity, whileMoe only washes cars and Curly only mowslawns. (D)b. Graph the production possibilities frontier for thiseconomy.…
. Diego and Darnell are roommates. They spend mostof their time studying (of course), but they leavesome time for their favorite activities: making pizzaand brewing root beer. Diego takes 4 hours to brewa gallon of root beer and 2 hours to make a pizza.Darnell takes 6 hours to brew a gallon of root beerand 4 hours to make a pizza.a. What is each roommate’s opportunity cost ofmaking a pizza? Who has the absolute advantagein making pizza? Who has the comparativeadvantage in making pizza?b. If Diego and Darnell trade foods with each other,who will trade away pizza in exchange for rootbeer?c. The price of pizza can be expressed in terms ofgallons of root beer. What is the highest price atwhich pizza can be traded that would make bothroommates better off? What is the lowest price?Explain.
If an economy can produce various combinationsof food and shelter along a productionpossibilities curve (PPC), then if we increase theproduction of shelter along the PPC, which ofthe following is true?a. We also increase the production of food.b. We must decrease the production of food.This forgone food production representsthe opportunity cost of the increase inshelter.c. We cannot change the production of food.d. The concept of opportunity cost does notapply along PPC.
The following table describes the productionpossibilities of two cities in the country of Baseballia:Pairs of RedSocks per Workerper HourPairs of WhiteSocks per Workerper HourBoston 3 3Chicago 2 1a. Without trade, what is the price of white socks (interms of red socks) in Boston? What is the price inChicago?b. Which city has an absolute advantage in theproduction of each color sock? Which city has acomparative advantage in the production of eachcolor sock?c. If the cities trade with each other, which color sockwill each export?d. What is the range of prices at which mutuallybeneficial trade can occur?
Review the numbers for Canada and Venezuelafrom Table 33.12 which describes how many barrelsof oil and tons of lumber the workers can produce. Usethese numbers to answer the rest of this question.a. Draw a production possibilities frontier for eachcountry. Assume there are 100 workers in eachcountry. Canadians and Venezuelans desire bothoil and lumber. Canadians want at least 2,000tons of lumber. Mark a point on their productionpossibilities where they can get at least 3,000tons.b. Assume that the Canadians specializecompletely because they figured out they havea comparative advantage in lumber. They arewilling to give up 1,000 tons of lumber. Howmuch oil should they ask for in return for thislumber to be as well off as they were with notrade? How much should they ask for if theywant to gain from trading with Venezuela? Note:We can think of this “ask” as the relative price ortrade price of lumber.c. Is the Canadian “ask” you identified in (b) alsobeneficial for Venezuelans? Use the…
Figure 1 below shows two production possibilies frontiers (PPFs). The solid one isthe original one. The dashed one is the PPF after a technological advance that hasbenefitted only the Y indusry. As an example, think of the invention of fruitpicking robots that benefits only agricultural production and is of no use insoftware production.Figure 2 shows the marginal social benefit (MSB) of X production in terms ofsacrifices of Y. For example, to produce the first unit of X, the society is willing togive up 40 units of Y. For the second unit the socirty is willing to sacrifice only 35units of Y.Before the technological advance:1. What are the marginal social costs (MSCs) of producing the second,third, and the fourth units of X in terms of the sacrifices of Y. Do youremember the reasons for these results?2. What are the allocatively efficient quantities of X and Y?3. Suppose that due to some good news about various health benefits of X,the marginal social benefit of X increases by 10 units…
Figure 1 below shows two production possibilies frontiers (PPFs). The solid one isthe original one. The dashed one is the PPF after a technological advance that hasbenefitted only the Y indusry. As an example, think of the invention of fruitpicking robots that benefits only agricultural production and is of no use insoftware production.Figure 2 shows the marginal social benefit (MSB) of X production in terms ofsacrifices of Y. For example, to produce the first unit of X, the society is willing togive up 40 units of Y. For the second unit the socirty is willing to sacrifice only 35units of Y.Before the technological advance:1. What are the marginal social costs (MSCs) of producing the second,third, and the fourth units of X in terms of the sacrifices of Y. Do youremember the reasons for these results?2. What are the allocatively efficient quantities of X and Y?3. Suppose that due to some good news about various health benefits of X,the marginal social benefit of X increases by 10 units…
The Marope Economy has the capacity to produce the goods and services that are outlined in Table 1 below. You are required to:a. Draw a Production Possibility Frontier (PPF) and list all efficient points of production.b. Marope Economy wishes to produce 520 billion units of consumer goods. Plot this output onthe Frontier and state whether this is an efficient point or not.Table 1 – Production Possibilities Output (billions of units per year) Consumer goods Consumer servicesPart BA B480 420 0 120C D240 0 240 300 Use graphs to demonstrate how the following factors will change the PPF.a. A decrease in migrationb. An increase in natural resourcesc. Changes in technology
a) Draw a production possibilities frontier (PPF) for a society that produces two goods, guns and wheat. Suppose this society has two political parties, party R (who want a strong military) and party L (who want a smaller military). Show points on your diagram that party R and party L chooses. b) Show graphically whether your PPF will change if all the resources used for both the goods were equally suitable for production of guns and wheat? c) Assuming that b stands and if all the resources are used for the production of guns, 20 guns can be produced and if all the resources are used for production of wheat, 80 units of wheat can be produced, then what is the opportunity cost of producing one gun?
1.Under what conditions is the production possi bilities frontier linear rather than bowed out? 2.Explain how absolute advantage and compara-tive advantage differ. 3.Give an example in which one person has anabsolute advantage in doing something butanother person has a comparative advantage. 4.Is basoute advantage or comparative advantage more important for trade? Explain yourreasoning using the example in your answer toQuestion 3..If two parties trade based on comparativeavantage an ot gain, in wat range mustthe price of the trade lie?.Will a nation tend to export or import goods forwhich it has a comparative advantage?