Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The atmosphere consists of a number of permanent gases, to identify each substance as an element or compound, and air is homogenies or heterogeneous it should be explained.
Concept Introduction:
Elements: The elements are chemically the simplest substance and hence cannot be broken down using
Substance: This is a form of matter that has constant chemical composition and characteristic properties it cannot be separated into components by physical separation methods.
Pure substance: The substance that has a uniform (or) correct chemical composition throughout. Mixture: It is blend of two or more substance, each of which retains its chemical identically.
Homogeneous mixture: It is blend of two or more pure substance having a uniform composition at the particular level.
Heterogeneous mixture: It is blend of two or more pure substance having a non-uniform composition at the particular level.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 1 Solutions
Pearson eText Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
- The substance oxygen has the following properties: normal melting point: 54.8 K normal boiling point: 90.2 K triple point: 1.50×10-3 atm, 54.4 K critical point: 49.8 atm, 154.6 K A sample of oxygen is initially at a pressure of 58.9 atm and a temperature of 96.9 K. The pressure on the sample is reduced to 1.50×10-3 atm at a constant temperature of 96.9 K. Which of the following are true?Choose all that apply The sample is initially a liquid. The gas initially present will solidify. The final state of the substance is a gas. One or more phase changes will occur. The final state of the substance is a solid.arrow_forwardAnother fossil-fuel gas used in cooking appliances is "propane", used commonly in backyard grills and RV/camping stoves. Propane is a bigger hydrocarbon: 3 carbons single-bonded in a chain, and the remaining bonds are taken by hydrogen. Its formula is C3H8 and its structure is shown below. KEY POINT: the products are the same as the combustion of methane, but more is produced. The graphic below shows that one propane molecule reacts with 5 oxygen molecules to form molecules of carbon dioxide. C3Hg + 502 → 3CO,+ 4H,0 00O 000 SUOLDICIATEFIEETILNED I RLIANMr CASIRICTIOonL Harrow_forwardThe fundamental unit of matter, both in living and non-living matter, is thearrow_forward
- The following are the six most common elements in the human body: oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorus. Each of these elements is heavier than hydrogen and helium. Explain how and where these elements formed.arrow_forwardConsider iron (Fe), hydrogen gas (H2), and ammonia (NH3).Which of them is or are atoms? Which of them is or are molecules? Which of them is or are compounds? Explain eachanswerarrow_forwardWhat three things constitute the ocean (Hint: one of them is water)? Why is this fact important? How do sodium atoms and chlorine atoms combine to make the salt in the ocean?arrow_forward
- What subatomic particle do all Carbon atoms, isotopes and ions have in common?arrow_forwardHydrocarbons with 5 carbons (pentane) and 19 carbons (nonadecane) are liquids at room temperature. The molecules with 8, 9, and 10-carbons are "octane", "nonane", and "decane" and are common components of gasoline. The image below shows chemical equations for the combustion of the simplest hydrocarbon methane, 3-carbon propane, and 10-carbon decane. As you can see, the products are always carbon dioxide and water, just in larger amounts for larger hydrocarbons. Question: how many carbon dioxide molecules are formed from combustion of one molecule of decane? Methane CH4 + 202 → CO2 + 2H2O Propane C3H3 +502 – → 3CO2+4H2O C10 H22 + 15.502 10CO2 + 11H20 Decane -arrow_forwardOxygen, whose atomic number is eight, has three stable isotopes: 16 O, 17 O, and 18 O. Explain what this means in terms of the number of protons and neutronsarrow_forward
- The elements oxygen and sulfur have similar chemical properties because they both have six electrons in their outermost electron shells. Indeed, both elements form molecules with two hydrogen atoms, water (H2O) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Surprisingly, at room temperature, water is a liquid, yet H2S is a gas, despite sulfur being much larger and heavier than oxygen. Explain why this might be the case.arrow_forwardSucrose, C 12 H 22 O 11 , is table sugar or cane sugar. It can be decomposed by heat into carbon (a solid black mess) and water vapor. How many grams of carbon would be produced if you decomposed 10.0 g of sucrose? How many atoms of carbon would this be?arrow_forwardAn adult takes about 12 breaths per minute, inhaling roughly 500 mL of air with each breath. The molar compositions of the inspired and expired gases are as follows: Species Inspired Gas (%) Expired Gas (%)O2 20.6 15.1CO2 0.0 3.7N2 77.4 75.0H2O 2.0 6.2The inspired gas is at 24°C and 1 atm, and the expired gas is at body temperature and pressure (37°C and 1 atm). Nitrogen is not transported into or out of the blood in the lungs. All nitrogen inhaled is exhaled. 1. Calculate the masses of O2, CO2, and H2O transferred from the pulmonary gases to the blood or vice versa (specify which) per minute. 2. Calculate the volume of air exhaled per milliliter inhaled. 3. At what rate (g/min) is this individual losing weight by merely breathing?arrow_forward
- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781319114671Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.Publisher:W. H. FreemanLehninger Principles of BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781464126116Author:David L. Nelson, Michael M. CoxPublisher:W. H. FreemanFundamentals of Biochemistry: Life at the Molecul...BiochemistryISBN:9781118918401Author:Donald Voet, Judith G. Voet, Charlotte W. PrattPublisher:WILEY
- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305961135Author:Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Owen M. McDougalPublisher:Cengage LearningBiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305577206Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. GrishamPublisher:Cengage LearningFundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological ...BiochemistryISBN:9780134015187Author:John E. McMurry, David S. Ballantine, Carl A. Hoeger, Virginia E. PetersonPublisher:PEARSON