Essential Organic Chemistry, Global Edition
Essential Organic Chemistry, Global Edition
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781292089034
Author: Paula Yurkanis Bruice
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 1, Problem 51P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The direction of the dipole moment in CH3-Br bond should be shown.

Concept introduction:

Polar molecule: It has net dipole as a result of the opposing charges.

For example:  A molecule has partially positive charge and partially negative charge. It has slight positive charge on one side and a slight negative charge on the other side.  

Electronegativity:

It’s a tendency of an atom to attract bond pair of electron of a molecule towards itself.

Fluorine has the highest electronegative value.

i.e. 4.

The Cesium and Francium has the least electronegative value .i.e. 0.7

Dipole moment:

Dipole moment occurs when there is a separation of charge.

Dipole moment arises due to difference in electronegativity.

The larger the difference of electronegativity, larger is the dipole moment.

The dipole moment is the measure of the polarity of the molecule.

Dipole moment of a bond =  size of the charge × the distance between the charges

Dipole moment can be denoted by the Unit called Debye (D) only.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The direction of the dipole moment in CH3-Li bonds should be shown.

Concept introduction:

Polar molecule: It has net dipole as a result of the opposing charges.

For example:  A molecule has partially positive charge and partially negative charge. It has slight positive charge on one side and a slight negative charge on the other side.  

Electronegativity:

It’s a tendency of an atom to attract bond pair of electron of a molecule towards itself.

Fluorine has the highest electronegative value.

i.e. 4.

The Cesium and Francium has the least electronegative value .i.e. 0.7

Dipole moment:

Dipole moment occurs when there is a separation of charge.

Dipole moment arises due to difference in electronegativity.

The larger the difference of electronegativity, larger is the dipole moment.

The dipole moment is the measure of the polarity of the molecule.

Dipole moment of a bond =  size of the charge × the distance between the charges

Dipole moment can be denoted by the Unit called Debye (D) only.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The direction of the dipole moment in OH-NH2 bonds should be shown.

Concept introduction:

Polar molecule: It has net dipole as a result of the opposing charges.

For example:  A molecule has partially positive charge and partially negative charge. It has slight positive charge on one side and a slight negative charge on the other side.  

Electronegativity:

It’s a tendency of an atom to attract bond pair of electron of a molecule towards itself.

Fluorine has the highest electronegative value.

i.e. 4.

The Cesium and Francium has the least electronegative value .i.e. 0.7

Dipole moment:

Dipole moment occurs when there is a separation of charge.

Dipole moment arises due to difference in electronegativity.

The larger the difference of electronegativity, larger is the dipole moment.

The dipole moment is the measure of the polarity of the molecule.

Dipole moment of a bond =  size of the charge × the distance between the charges

Dipole moment can be denoted by the Unit called Debye (D) only.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The direction of the dipole moment in I-Br bonds should be shown.

Concept introduction:

Polar molecule: It has net dipole as a result of the opposing charges.

For example:  A molecule has partially positive charge and partially negative charge. It has slight positive charge on one side and a slight negative charge on the other side.  

Electronegativity:

It’s a tendency of an atom to attract bond pair of electron of a molecule towards itself.

Fluorine has the highest electronegative value.

i.e. 4.

The Cesium and Francium has the least electronegative value .i.e. 0.7

Dipole moment:

Dipole moment occurs when there is a separation of charge.

Dipole moment arises due to difference in electronegativity.

The larger the difference of electronegativity, larger is the dipole moment.

The dipole moment is the measure of the polarity of the molecule.

Dipole moment of a bond =  size of the charge × the distance between the charges

Dipole moment can be denoted by the Unit called Debye (D) only.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The direction of the dipole moment in CH3-OH  bonds should be shown.

Concept introduction:

Polar molecule: It has net dipole as a result of the opposing charges.

For example:  A molecule has partially positive charge and partially negative charge. It has slight positive charge on one side and a slight negative charge on the other side.  

Electronegativity:

It’s a tendency of an atom to attract bond pair of electron of a molecule towards itself.

Fluorine has the highest electronegative value.

i.e. 4.

The Cesium and Francium has the least electronegative value .i.e. 0.7

Dipole moment:

Dipole moment occurs when there is a separation of charge.

Dipole moment arises due to difference in electronegativity.

The larger the difference of electronegativity, larger is the dipole moment.

The dipole moment is the measure of the polarity of the molecule.

Dipole moment of a bond =  size of the charge × the distance between the charges

Dipole moment can be denoted by the Unit called Debye (D) only.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The direction of the dipole moment in (CH3)2-NH bonds should be shown.

Concept introduction:

Polar molecule: It has net dipole as a result of the opposing charges.

For example:  A molecule has partially positive charge and partially negative charge. It has slight positive charge on one side and a slight negative charge on the other side.  

Electronegativity:

It’s a tendency of an atom to attract bond pair of electron of a molecule towards itself.

Fluorine has the highest electronegative value.

i.e. 4.

The Cesium and Francium has the least electronegative value .i.e. 0.7

Dipole moment:

Dipole moment occurs when there is a separation of charge.

Dipole moment arises due to difference in electronegativity.

The larger the difference of electronegativity, larger is the dipole moment.

The dipole moment is the measure of the polarity of the molecule.

Dipole moment of a bond =  size of the charge × the distance between the charges

Dipole moment can be denoted by the Unit called Debye (D) only.

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Chapter 1 Solutions

Essential Organic Chemistry, Global Edition

Ch. 1.4 - Prob. 12PCh. 1.4 - a. Draw two Lewis structures for C2H6O. b. Draw...Ch. 1.4 - Draw the lone-pair electrons that are not shown in...Ch. 1.4 - Prob. 16PCh. 1.4 - Which of the atoms in the molecular models in...Ch. 1.4 - Prob. 18PCh. 1.7 - What orbitals are used to form the 10 sigma bonds...Ch. 1.9 - Put a number in each of the blanks: a. ___ s...Ch. 1.11 - Predict the approximate bond angles in a. the...Ch. 1.11 - According to the potential map for the ammonium...Ch. 1.12 - Prob. 25PCh. 1.13 - a. Predict the relative lengths and strengths of...Ch. 1.13 - Prob. 28PCh. 1.14 - Which of the bonds in a carbonoxygen double bond...Ch. 1.14 - Caffeine is a natural insecticide, found in the...Ch. 1.14 - a. What is the hybridization of each of the carbon...Ch. 1.14 - Prob. 33PCh. 1.14 - Describe the orbitals used in bonding and the bond...Ch. 1.15 - Account for the difference in the shape and color...Ch. 1.15 - Which of the following molecules would you expect...Ch. 1 - Draw a Lewis structure for each of the following...Ch. 1 - Prob. 38PCh. 1 - What is the hybridization of all the atoms (other...Ch. 1 - Prob. 40PCh. 1 - Draw the condensed structure of a compound that...Ch. 1 - Prob. 42PCh. 1 - Prob. 43PCh. 1 - Draw a Lewis structure for each of the following...Ch. 1 - Prob. 45PCh. 1 - List the bonds in order from most polar to least...Ch. 1 - What is the hybridization of the indicated atom in...Ch. 1 - Write the Kekul structure for each of the...Ch. 1 - Assign the missing formal charges.Ch. 1 - Predict the approximate bond angles for the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 51PCh. 1 - a. Which of the indicated bonds in each compound...Ch. 1 - In which orbitals are the lone pairs in nicotine?...Ch. 1 - Draw the missing lone-pair electrons and assign...Ch. 1 - Rank the following compounds from highest dipole...Ch. 1 - Prob. 56PCh. 1 - a. Which of the species have bond angles of 109.5?...Ch. 1 - Prob. 58PCh. 1 - Sodium methoxide (CH3ONa) has both ionic and...Ch. 1 - a. Why is a H 8 H bond (0.74 ) shorter than a C 8...Ch. 1 - Which compound has a larger dipole moment, CHCl3...Ch. 1 - Which compound has a longer C 8 Cl bond?Ch. 1 - Prob. 63PCh. 1 - The following compound has two isomers. One isomer...
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