Horngren's Cost Accounting: A Managerial Emphasis (16th Edition)
16th Edition
ISBN: 9780134475585
Author: Srikant M. Datar, Madhav V. Rajan
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 10, Problem 10.34E
Learning curve, incremental unit-time learning model. Assume the same information for Northern Defense as in Exercise 10-33, except that Northern Defense uses an 85% incremental unit-time learning model as a basis for predicting direct manufacturing labor-hours.
(An 85 % learning curve means b = −0.234465.)
- 1. Calculate the total variable costs of producing 2, 3, and 4 units.
Required
- 2. If you solved Exercise 10-33, compare your cost predictions in the two exercises for 2 and 4 units. Why are the predictions different? How should Northern Defense decide which model it should use?
Expert Solution & Answer
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Students have asked these similar questions
Assume the same information for Northern Defense as in Exercise 10-33, except that Northern Defense uses an 85% incremental unit-time learning model as a basis for predicting direct manufacturing labor-hours. (An 85% learning curve means b = -0.234465.)
Q. Calculate the total variable costs of producing 2, 3, and 4 units.
10-29 Learning curve, incremental unit-time learning model. Assume the same information for Northern Defense as in Exercise 10-28, except that Northern Defense uses an 85% incremental unit-time learning model as a basis for predicting direct manufacturing labor-hours. (An 85% learning curve means b = -0.234465.)
Calculate the total variable costs of producing 2, 3, and 4 units.
If you solved Exercise 10-28, compare your cost predictions in the two exercises for 2 and 4 units. Why are the predictions different? How should Northern Defense decide which model it should use?
Assume the same information for the Pacific Boat Company as in Problem 10-40 with one exception. This exception is that Pacific Boat uses a 90% incremental unit-time learning model as a basis for predicting direct manufacturing labor-hours in its assembling operations. (A 90% learning curve means b = -0.152004.)
Q. Prepare a prediction of the total costs for producing the six PT109s for the Navy.
Chapter 10 Solutions
Horngren's Cost Accounting: A Managerial Emphasis (16th Edition)
Ch. 10 - What two assumptions are frequently made when...Ch. 10 - Describe three alternative linear cost functions.Ch. 10 - What is the difference between a linear and a...Ch. 10 - High correlation between two variables means that...Ch. 10 - Name four approaches to estimating a cost...Ch. 10 - Describe the conference method for estimating a...Ch. 10 - Describe the account analysis method for...Ch. 10 - List the six steps in estimating a cost function...Ch. 10 - When using the high-low method, should you base...Ch. 10 - Describe three criteria for evaluating cost...
Ch. 10 - Define learning curve. Outline two models that can...Ch. 10 - Discuss four frequently encountered problems when...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.13QCh. 10 - All the independent variables in a cost function...Ch. 10 - Multicollinearity exists when the dependent...Ch. 10 - HL Co. uses the high-low method to derive a total...Ch. 10 - A firm uses simple linear regression to forecast...Ch. 10 - In regression analysis, the coefficient of...Ch. 10 - A regression equation is set up, where the...Ch. 10 - What would be the approximate value of the...Ch. 10 - Estimating a cost function. The controller of the...Ch. 10 - Identifying variable-, fixed-, and mixed-cost...Ch. 10 - Various cost-behavior patterns. (CPA, adapted)....Ch. 10 - Matching graphs with descriptions of cost and...Ch. 10 - Account analysis, high-low. Stein Corporation...Ch. 10 - Account analysis method. Gower, Inc., a...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.27ECh. 10 - Estimating a cost function, high-low method. Lacy...Ch. 10 - Linear cost approximation. Dr. Young, of Young and...Ch. 10 - Cost-volume-profit and regression analysis....Ch. 10 - Regression analysis, service company. (CMA,...Ch. 10 - High-low, regression. May Blackwell is the new...Ch. 10 - Learning curve, cumulative average-time learning...Ch. 10 - Learning curve, incremental unit-time learning...Ch. 10 - High-low method. Wayne Mueller financial analyst...Ch. 10 - High-low method and regression analysis. Market...Ch. 10 - High-low method; regression analysis. (CIMA,...Ch. 10 - Regression, activity-based costing, choosing cost...Ch. 10 - Interpreting regression results. Spirit...Ch. 10 - Cost estimation, cumulative average-time learning...Ch. 10 - Cost estimation, incremental unit-time learning...Ch. 10 - Regression; choosing among models. Apollo Hospital...Ch. 10 - Multiple regression (continuation of 10-42). After...Ch. 10 - Cost estimation. Hankuk Electronics started...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10.45PCh. 10 - Interpreting regression results, matching time...Ch. 10 - Purchasing department cost drivers, activity-based...Ch. 10 - Purchasing department cost drivers, multiple...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, accounting and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Harriman Industries manufactures engines for the aerospace industry. It has completed manufacturing the first unit of the new ZX-9 engine design. Management believes that the 1,000 labor hours required to complete this unit are reasonable and is prepared to go forward with the manufacture of additional units. An 80 percent cumulative average-time learning curve model for direct labor hours is assumed to be valid. Data on costs are as follows: Required: 1. Set up a table with columns for cumulative number of units, cumulative average time per unit in hours, and the cumulative total time in hours. Complete the table for 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 units. (Round hours to one significant digit.) 2. What are the total variable costs of producing 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 units? What is the variable cost per unit for 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 units?arrow_forwardHart Manufacturing makes three products. Each product requires manufacturing operations in three departments: A, B, and C. The labor-hour requirements, by department, are as follows: During the next production period the labor-hours available are 450 in department A, 350 in department B, and 50 in department C. The profit contributions per unit are 25 for product 1, 28 for product 2, and 30 for product 3. a. Formulate a linear programming model for maximizing total profit contribution. b. Solve the linear program formulated in part (a). How much of each product should be produced, and what is the projected total profit contribution? c. After evaluating the solution obtained in part (b), one of the production supervisors noted that production setup costs had not been taken into account. She noted that setup costs are 400 for product 1, 550 for product 2, and 600 for product 3. If the solution developed in part (b) is to be used, what is the total profit contribution after taking into account the setup costs? d. Management realized that the optimal product mix, taking setup costs into account, might be different from the one recommended in part (b). Formulate a mixed-integer linear program that takes setup costs provided in part (c) into account. Management also stated that we should not consider making more than 175 units of product 1, 150 units of product 2, or 140 units of product 3. e. Solve the mixed-integer linear program formulated in part (d). How much of each product should be produced and what is the projected total profit contribution? Compare this profit contribution to that obtained in part (c).arrow_forwardAssume that at the beginning of 20x2, Cicleta trained the 2 assembly workers in a new approach that had the objective of increasing the efficiency of the assembly process. Cicleta also began moving toward a JIT purchasing and manufacturing system. When JIT is fully implemented, the demand for expediting is expected to be virtually eliminated. It is expected to take two to three years for full implementation. Assume that receiving cost is a step-fixed cost with steps of 1,500 orders. The other three activities employ resources that are acquired as used and needed. At the end of 20x2, the following results were reported for the four activities: Required: 1. Prepare a trend report that shows the non-value-added costs for each activity for 20x1 and 20x2 and the change in costs for the two periods. Discuss the reports implications. 2. Explain the role of activity reduction for receiving and for expediting. What is the expected value of SQ for each activity after JIT is fully implemented? 3. What if at the end of 20x2, the selling price of a competing product is reduced by 27 per unit? Assume that the firm produces and sells 20,000 units of its product and that its product is associated only with the four activities being considered. By virtue of the waste-reduction savings, can the competitors price reduction be matched without reducing the unit profit margin of the product that prevailed at the beginning of the year? If not, how much more waste reduction is needed to achieve this outcome? In this case, what price decision would you recommend?arrow_forward
- Refer to Problem 8.40 for data. Required: 1. Run a multiple regression equation using machine hours, number of setups, and number of purchase orders as independent variables. Prepare a flexible budget for overhead for the 12 months using the results of this regression equation. (Round the regression coefficients to the nearest cent and predicted overhead to the nearest dollar.) Which flexible budget is betterthe one based on simple regression (with machine hours as the only independent variable) or the one based on multiple regression? Why? 2. Now, suppose that the controller remembers that the factory throws two big parties each year, one for the 4th of July and the other for Christmas. Rerun the multiple regression with machine hours, number of setups, and number of purchase orders, and add a dummy variable called Party. (This variable takes the value one for months with a factory-sponsored party, and zero otherwise.) Prepare a flexible budget for the 12 months using the results of this regression. Discuss the implications of using this new regression for decision making.arrow_forwardIdentify cost graphs The following cost graphs illustrate various types of cost behavior: For each of the following costs, identify the cost graph that best illustrates its cost behavior as the number of units produced increases: A. Total direct materials cost B. Electricity costs of 1,000 per month plus 0.10 per kilowatt-hour C. Per-unit cost of straight-line depreciation on factory equipment D. Salary of quality control supervisor, 20,000 per month E. Per-unit direct labor costarrow_forward1. Set up a table with columns for cumulative number of units, cumulative average time per unit in hours, and cumulative total in hours using the cumulative average time learning curve. Complete the table for 1,2,4, and 8 units.Β Β What is the cumulative total time in hours for 8 units? 2. Set up a table assuming an 80% cummulative avergae time learning curve.Β What is the cumulative total time in hours for 8 units? 3. What is the difference in variable cost of producing four units? (between the result using the 0.90 model and 0.80 model)arrow_forward
- Cost estimation, learning curves (continuation of 10-44). Inbee is concerned that she still does not understand the relationship between output and labor consumption. She consults with Jim Park, the head of engineering, and shares the results of her regression estimation. Jim indicates that the production of new smartphone models exhibits significant learning effectsβas Hankuk gains experience with production, it can produce additional units using less time. He suggests that it is more appropriate to specify the following relationship: where x is cumulative production in units, y is the cumulative average direct labor-hours per unit (i.e., cumulative DLH divided by cumulative production), and a and b are parameters of the learning effect. To estimate this, Inbee and Jim use the original data to calculate the cumulative output and cumulative average labor-hours per unit for each month. They then take natural logarithms of these variables in order to be able to estimate a regressionβ¦arrow_forward10-36 Cost estimation, incremental unit-time learning model. Assume the same information for the Blue Seas Company as in Problem 10-35 with one exception. This exception is that Blue Seas uses a 90% incremental unit-time learning model as a basis for predicting direct manufacturing labor-hours in its assembling operations. (A 90% learning curve means b = β0.152004.) Prepare a prediction of the total costs for producing the six PT109s for the Navy. If you solved requirement 1 of Problem 10-35, compare your cost prediction there with the one you made here. Why are the predictions different? How should Blue Seas decide which model it should use?arrow_forward1. explain why if a performance measure in the customer perspective of the balncef scorecard was customer loyalty, then a driver from the process perspective would likely be high-quality production processess Β 2. If an organization planned to use $44 of material per unit activity but it actually user $42 of material per unit of activity, and it planned to make 1200 units but it actually made 1,000 units. Explain why the flexible budget amount for material is $42,000. include calculationarrow_forward
- Almed Products has determined that the number of machine hours worked (MH) drives the amount of manufacturing overhead incurred (MOH). On the basis of this relationship, a staff analyst has constructed the following regression equation: MOH = 240,000 + 8MH Which of the choices correctly depicts the nature of Almedβs variables? Dependent Independent A. MOH MOH B. MOH MH C. MH MOH D. MH MH E. 8 240,000 Multiple Choice Choice A Choice B Choice C Choice D Choice Earrow_forwardA. What percentage of the variation in overhead costs is explained by the independent variable? B. What is the total overhead cost for an estimated activity level of 50,000 direct labor hours? C. How much is the variable manufacturing cost per unit, using the variable overhead estimated by the regression (assuming that direct materials and direct labor are variable costs)? D. What is the expected contribution margin per unit to be earned during the first year on 20,000 units of the new product? (Assume that all marketing and administrative costs are fixed.) E. What is the manufacturing cost equation implied by these results?arrow_forwardA company makes two products A and B, using a CNC milling machine which is classified as a single resource pool. The resource is available for 900 minutes per day. The contribution margins for product A and B are $20 and $35 per unit respectively. The unit loads are 10 and 20 minutes per unit. The company wishes to produce a mix of 60% As and 40% Bs. At the indicated product mix, what is the financial capacity (profit per day)? hint: find a weighted margin per unit, then, multiply it by the effective capacity found in previous question. **$1,508.43 per day **$1,899.03 per day **$1,671.42 per day **$1,775.32 per dayarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Cornerstones of Cost Management (Cornerstones Ser...AccountingISBN:9781305970663Author:Don R. Hansen, Maryanne M. MowenPublisher:Cengage Learning
Essentials of Business Analytics (MindTap Course ...StatisticsISBN:9781305627734Author:Jeffrey D. Camm, James J. Cochran, Michael J. Fry, Jeffrey W. Ohlmann, David R. AndersonPublisher:Cengage Learning
Managerial AccountingAccountingISBN:9781337912020Author:Carl Warren, Ph.d. Cma William B. TaylerPublisher:South-Western College Pub
Financial And Managerial AccountingAccountingISBN:9781337902663Author:WARREN, Carl S.Publisher:Cengage Learning,
Cornerstones of Cost Management (Cornerstones Ser...
Accounting
ISBN:9781305970663
Author:Don R. Hansen, Maryanne M. Mowen
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Essentials of Business Analytics (MindTap Course ...
Statistics
ISBN:9781305627734
Author:Jeffrey D. Camm, James J. Cochran, Michael J. Fry, Jeffrey W. Ohlmann, David R. Anderson
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Managerial Accounting
Accounting
ISBN:9781337912020
Author:Carl Warren, Ph.d. Cma William B. Tayler
Publisher:South-Western College Pub
Financial And Managerial Accounting
Accounting
ISBN:9781337902663
Author:WARREN, Carl S.
Publisher:Cengage Learning,
What is variance analysis?; Author: Corporate finance institute;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SMTa1lZu7Qw;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY