Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The arrangement of the compounds
Concept introduction:
Acidity means that the ability of the compounds to dissociate and give a proton. The extent to which a compound can give a proton determines its strength of acidity. The acidity will be higher if the position from where proton has to leave the experience a good amount of electron density pull.
Inductive effect is the push or pull of electron density by a particular group. If the group is pushing the electron density away than it is an electron donating group otherwise, an electron withdrawing group.
Answer to Problem 10.3P
The increasing order of acidity for the compounds
Explanation of Solution
The compounds provided
The inductive effect decreases with the increases in the distance of the substituents from the position of observation.
In the compounds, provided the increasing order of acidity on the basis of inductive effect is shown below.
The acidity of these compounds is due to the presence of hydrogen in the OH group being polar.
The compound
The compound
The increasing order of acidity for the compounds
(b)
Interpretation:
The arrangement of the compounds
Concept introduction:
Acidity means that the ability of the compounds to dissociate and give a proton. The extent to which a compound can give a proton determines its strength of acidity. The acidity will be higher if the position from where proton has to leave the experience a good amount of electron density pull.
Inductive effect is the push or pull of electron density by a particular group. If the group is pushing the electron density away than it is an electron donating group otherwise, an electron withdrawing group.
Answer to Problem 10.3P
The increasing order of acidity for the compounds
Explanation of Solution
The compounds provided
The inductive effect decreases with the increases in the distance of the substituent from the position of observation.
In the compounds, provided the increasing order of acidity on the basis of the inductive effect is shown below.
The acidity of these compounds is due to the presence of hydrogen in the OH group being polar.
The compound
The compound
The increasing order of acidity for the compounds
(c)
Interpretation:
The arrangement of the compounds
Concept introduction:
Acidity means that the ability of the compounds to dissociate and give a proton. The extent to which a compound can give a proton determines its strength of acidity. The acidity will be higher if the position from where proton has to leave the experience a good amount of electron density pull.
Inductive effect is the push or pull of electron density by a particular group. If the group is pushing the electron density away than it is an electron donating group otherwise, an electron withdrawing group.
Answer to Problem 10.3P
The increasing order of acidity for the compounds
Explanation of Solution
The compounds provided
The inductive effect decreases with the increases in the distance of the substituent from the position of observation.
In the compounds provided the increasing order of acidity on the basis of the inductive effect is shown below.
The acidity of these compounds is due to the presence of hydrogen in the OH group being polar.
The compound
The increasing order of acidity for the compounds
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 10 Solutions
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY SAPLING ACCESS + ETEX
- The following pKa values have been measured. Explain why a hydroxyl group in the para position decreases the acidity while a hydroxyl group in the meta position increases the acidity.arrow_forwardThiocyanic acid (HSCN) is an inorganic acid (pKa = 1.1 at 25 °C) that can be classified as “strong” largely due to resonance stabilization of its conjugate base, thiocyanate (SCN– ). In the space provided below, draw Lewis electron dot structures of SCN- and all of its important resonance forms.arrow_forwardwhich of the following compound shows the strongest acidity A-ch3oh B-ch3ch2oh C-h2o D-c6h5oh 1-A 2-B 3-C 4-D 5-Earrow_forward
- All of the following compounds can react as acids. Without using a table of acidities, rank them in order of increasing acidity. Explain your ranking.(a) CH3CH2SO3H (b) CH3CH2OH (c) CH3CH2COOH(d) CH3CHClCOOH (e) ClCH2CH2COOHarrow_forwardCompound X is optically inactive and has the formula C 16H 16Br 2. On treatment with strong base, X gives hydrocarbon Y, C 16H 14. Compound Y absorbs 2 equivalents of hydrogen when reduced over a palladium catalyst and reacts with ozone to give two fragments. One fragment Z, is an aldehyde with formula C 7H 6O. The other fragment is glyoxal, (CHO)2. Which of the following answers is correct? Select all that are correct.arrow_forwardNonconjugated , -unsaturated ketones, such as 3-cyclohexenone, are in an acid-catalyzed equilibrium with their conjugated , -unsaturated isomers. Propose a mechanism for this isomerization.arrow_forward
- The following sequence of steps converts (R)-2-octanol to (S)-2-octanol. Propose structural formulas for intermediates A and B, specify the configuration of each, and account for the inversion of configuration in this sequence.arrow_forward16-17 Propylamine (bp 48°C), ethylmethylamine (bp 37°C), and trimethylamine (bp 3°C) are constitutional isomers with the molecular formula C3HgN. Account for the fact that trimethylamine has the lowest boiling point of the three and propylamine has the highest.arrow_forwardH3C-O-SiH3 ether, which is similar to dimethyleters, was synthesized. This ether is known to be a weaker base than (CH3)3O. Discuss why and explainarrow_forward
- Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage LearningOrganic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning