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Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: The product(s) formed by the reaction of
Concept introduction: The general steps involved in the addition of halogens to alkenes are stated below:
• The first step is the electrophilic attack of halide ion to form a halonium ion.
• The second step is the attack of halide ion from back side to open the halonium ion.
(b)
Interpretation: The product(s) formed by the reaction of
Concept introduction: The general steps involved in the addition of halogens to alkenes are stated below:
• The first step is the electrophilic attack of halide ion to form a halonium ion.
• The second step is the attack of halide ion from back side to opens the halonium ion.
(c)
Interpretation: The relation between the two compounds formed in part (a) and (b) are to be stated.
Concept introduction: Diastereomers compounds are not mirror images of each other and are different in configuration at one or more stereocentres.
The isomers which have same molecular formula but different connectivity of atoms are constitutional isomers.
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Chapter 10 Solutions
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- Which products are formed when hydrobromic acid is added to (a) trans-2-hexene, (b) 2-methyl- 2-pentene, and (c) 4-methylcyclohexene, and how many regioisomers can be formed in each case?arrow_forwardComparing Two Different Methods of Hydration of an Alkene Draw the product formed when CH3CH2CH2CH2CH=CH2 is treated with either (a) H2O, H2SO4; or (b) BH3 followed by H2O2, HO−.arrow_forwardCompounds A and B are isomers of the molecular formula CyH19Br. Both yield the same alkene Cin an elimination reaction. Hydrogenation of C yields the product 2,3,3,4 tetramethyl pentane. What are the structures of A, B, and C?arrow_forward
- 4 But-2-enal, CH₂CH=CHCHO, is a pale yellow, flammable liquid with an irritating odour. (a) But-2-enal exists as two stereoisomers. Draw skeletal formulae to show the structure of the two stereoisomers of but-2-enal. (b) (i) Describe a simple chemical test that would show that but-2-enal is an aldehyde. (ii) Explain why this test gives a different result with aldehydes than it does with keton (c) But-2-enal also reacts with sodium borohydride, NaBH4. (i) Identify the organic compound formed in this reaction. (ii) State the type of chemical reaction occurring. (d) Precautions must be taken to prevent but-2-enal catching fire. Construct a balanced equation for the complete combustion of but-2-enal, C₂HO.arrow_forward1.Name and draw the products of each reaction. (a) 3-methyl oct-2-ene + hydrochloric acid (b) 2-fluoro-2-phenyl butanoic acid + ethanol → 1arrow_forwardWhat is the major organic product of the following reaction? (a) (b) NaBH4 CH3CH₂OH ? (c) (d) OHarrow_forward
- Draw the product and indicate the stereochemistry when the given alcohol is treated with each reagent: (a) HBr; (b) PBr3; (c) HCI; (d) SOCI, and pyridine.arrow_forwardEthers (general formula R—O—R)have many important uses. Until recently,methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE, right)was used as an octane booster and fueladditive for gasoline. It increases the oxy-gen content of the fuel, which reducesCO emissions. MTBE is synthesized bythe catalyzed reaction of 2-methylpropene with methanol.(a) Write a balanced equation for the synthesis of MTBE. (Hint:Alcohols add to alkenes similarly to the way water does.)(b) If the government required that auto fuel mixtures contain2.7% oxygen by mass to reduce CO emissions, how many gramsof MTBE would have to be added to each 100. g of gasoline?(c) How many liters of MTBE would be in each liter of fuel mix-ture? (The density of both gasoline and MTBE is 0.740 g/mL.)(d) How many liters of air (21% O₂ by volume) are needed at24C and 1.00 atm to fully combust 1.00 L of MTBE?arrow_forwardMethyl isocyanate, CH3 -N= C = O, is used in the industrial synthesis of a type of pesticide and herbicide known as a carbamate. As a historical note, an industrial accident in Bhopal, India, in 1984 resulted in leakage of an unknown quantity of this chemical into the air. An estimated 200,000 people were exposed to its vapors, and over 2000 of these people died. Q.) Methyl isocyanate reacts with strong acids, such as sulfuric acid, to form a cation. Will this molecule undergo protonation more readily on its oxygen or nitrogen atom? In considering contributing structures to each hybrid, do not consider structures in which more than one atom has an incomplete octetarrow_forward
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