Chapter 10, Problem 10B.4ST

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The average energy in units of joules per mole has to be calculated if a water molecule can rotate $\text{1}\text{nm}$ from an amide group using the given data.

Concept introduction:

Polar molecules are the molecules having a positive and negative end and so there will be a charge separation.

A polar molecule is a molecule where the polar bonds are asymmetrically arranged (the dipoles do not cancel)

A nonpolar molecule is a molecule with no polar bonds or a molecule where the polar bonds are symmetrically arranged.

In polar molecule the charge separation occurred with respect to the difference in electronegativity of atoms in the molecule.

Dipole Interaction of rotating molecules:

$\begin{array}{c}\text{V}\left(\text{r}\right)\text{=}\text{-}\frac{{\text{2μ}}^{\text{2}}{}_{\text{1}}{\text{μ}}^{\text{2}}{}_{\text{2}}}{\text{3}{\left({\text{4πε}}_{\text{0}}\right)}^{\text{2}}\text{k}{\text{Tr}}^{\text{6}}}\\ \\ {\text{μ}}_{\text{1}}\text{and}{\text{μ}}_{\text{2}}\text{-}\text{Dipole}\text{moment}\text{of}\text{the}\text{molecules}\text{.}\\ \text{k}\text{-}\text{Boltzmann's}\text{constant}\\ \text{T-Temperature}\\ \text{r-}\text{Separation}\\ {\text{ε}}_{\text{0}}\text{-}\text{Permittivity}\text{of vacuum}\\ \end{array}$