Macroeconomics (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134167398
Author: Andrew B. Abel, Ben Bernanke, Dean Croushore
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 10, Problem 10RQ
To determine
To Explain: The concept of rational expectations and its implications on the ability of a central bank of an economy in using its
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In the basic New Keynesian model, suppose that there is an increase in the future marginal product of capital. Explain your results with the aid of diagrams.
Suppose that the central bank keeps the nominal interest rate at its initial value. What will be the effect on current inflation and on output?
Suppose that the economy initially faces an increase in anticipated future inflation and a zero output gap. When the shock occurs, what should the central bank do?
A. What assumptions did Thomas Sargent make when he claimed that inflation is always and everywhere a fiscal phenomenon?"
B. Why is it appropriate in the book's short-term model for the author to use the Phillips Curve as an Aggregate Supply curve? Does it capture the working of the labor market as well as an AS curve based, say, on sticky wages?
C. Provide an example of the book's short-run model being based on "microfoundations."
In the basic New Keynesian model, suppose that there is an increase in government spending.
• First, suppose that the central bank does nothing (accommodates the shock). Illustrate onthe graphs and explain what will be the effects on inflation and output?
• Second, suppose that economy initially has inflation equal to the central bank’s inflationtarget and an output gap of zero. What action do you expect the central bank wouldundertake? Illustrate you answer on the graph and explain.
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Chapter 10 Solutions
Macroeconomics (9th Edition)
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- . If you were to reject the classical dichotomy, then which of the following ideas wouldyou be more likely to reject?(A) Monetary neutrality.(B) Liquidity preferences.(C) The Cantillion effect.(D) Velocity is stable over time.arrow_forwardAssume that two shocks happen simultaneously: a positive expenditure shock (let’s say a popular trend is to go for a bigger house) and a positive supply shock (let’s say prices on imported inputs decreased dramatically due to a substantial reduction in tariffs). Use AE/PC Model (carefully labeled!!) without time lags (use the AE and PC graphs similarly to the textbook, place PC graph below AE graph). For your analysis, choose as a starting point (marked A) an economy operating at potential GDP (Y=Y*) and at its inflation target (? = ?#). Also, show point B where the economy is situated after the shocks but prior to any central bank policy response. There should be A and B on BOTH the upper (AE graph) and lower (PC graph) graphs. If points A and B are the same point, then just mark that point with both A and B. Mark initial curves with the superscript 1, like AE1 and PC1, and every subsequent shift with a higher number, like the second shift would be AE2 and PC2, and the third shift (if…arrow_forwardAssume that inflation falls significantly below expectations. Diagramboth the short-run and long-run effects on employment using a PhillipsCurve diagram. What changes in this model to allow the return to long-runequilibrium?arrow_forward
- Consider the classical AS-AD model with misperceptions. Assume that the economy is initially at its general equilibrium. Now, suppose the central bank considers an increase in the nominal money supply that is not anticipated by households or firms. a. How does the misperception theory work? b. Which of the three markets is first affected (labor, goods, or asset market)? Explain and show graphically how this market is affected by an unanticipated increase in the nominal money supply. c. Use the classical version of the AS-AD model with misperceptions to explain and to show graphically how an unanticipated increase in the nominal money supply affects the short-run equilibrium. d. Use the classical version of the AS-AD model with misperceptions to explain and to show graphically how an unanticipated increase in the nominal money supply affects the long-run (general) equilibrium.arrow_forwardDuring the early 1990’s, Japan experienced an asset price bubble collapse followed by a massive decrease in economic activity. At that time, Japanese inflation was running at 1.76% a)Assuming that inflation expectations in Japan were equal to the previous period’s inflation rate, show (and explain), using the multiplier model, the labour market model, and the Phillips Curve, how the abovementioned asset price bubble collapse led to drop in economic activity in the short-run and deflationary pressure into the medium run (MR), ceteris paribus b) Explain the concept of the zero lower bound, and show how it can lead to a deflationary spiral. Use the Fisher equation to aid your explanation.arrow_forwardThe real business cycle theory assumes that money wages are flexible and adjust quickly True Faslearrow_forward
- Consider an economy that starts out in steady state when the central bank decides to make the inflation target more ambitious. Analyse the effects of a decrease in the inflation target from ? to . Explain the mechanisms behind the adjustment to the new steady state.arrow_forwardConsider the AD-AS model discussed during the lectures. Assume that the aggregate demand curve is given by Y=8-0.5 π, that the long run aggregate supply curve is given by Yp=7, that the short run aggregate supply curve is given by π = π_expect + 0.3(Y-Yp), and that the monetary rule is given byr=1+0.3 π. Suppose the economy is suffering a decrease in the potential level of output, due to some ill-designed new regulation. According to the AD- AS model, what is more suitable to offset the subsequent decline in output, an expansionary monetary policy or an expansionary fiscal policy?arrow_forwardAsap plz Assuming the economy has a strong-form market and that the current economy has reached its long-term equilibrium with optimal inflation rate π = 3 (%) and the aggregate output y = 10 (£bil). The economy has the following AD-AS curves: I. AD Curve: π = 10-0.7y II. AS Curve: π = 1+0.2y III. LRAS Curve: y = 10 Now, the central bank intends to use monetary policy to boost economic growth and suggest the government to increase £1bil in government expense. You are a researcher and now reviewing effect increased expense. a. What is the short-term equilibrium of π and y? b. What is the long-term equilibrium of π and y? c. What is the new AS curve? Do you think central bank’s suggestion on monetary policy effective?arrow_forward
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