Anatomy & Physiology
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781259398629
Author: McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher: Mcgraw Hill Education,
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Textbook Question
Chapter 10, Problem 14DYB
Put the following skeletal muscle contraction events in the order that they occur:
- a. The myosin head swivels toward the center of the sarcomere.
- b. Calcium ions are released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum and bind to troponin.
- c. An action potential is propagated along the sarcolemma and transverse tubules.
- d. Myosin binds to actin, forming crossbridges.
- e. Myosin heads bind ATP molecules and releases from actin.
- f. Tropomyosin molecules are moved off active sites on actin.
- g. ATPase splits ATP, providing the energy to reset the myosin head.
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With regard to muscle contraction, which of the following is an INCORRECT statement with regard to the interactions of filaments that occur in the sarcomere?
A. When muscles are relaxed tropomyosin blocks binding sites on actin subunits, which keeps cross-bridges from forming.
B. The myosin heads conduct a power stroke motion to slide when bound to actin, to move the "thin" filaments towards the center of the sarcomere.
C. During contraction, actin subunits are removed from the ends of the "thin" filaments to shorten actin polymers, thus reducing the length of the sarcomere.
D. "Thick" filaments are anchored at the M-line, while "thin" filaments are anchored at the Z-line.
E. Numerous myosin heads engage with the actin filaments simultaneously, such that there is no back-slipping during the contraction process.
When sarcomeres contract during muscle contraction, which of the following occurs?
A.
The myosin filaments lengthen.
B.
The myosin filaments "walk" along the actin microfilaments.
C.
The myosin filaments shorten.
D.
The actin filaments shorten.
What event causes a troponin-tropomyosin complex to regain its original shape in muscle relaxation? a. stimulation of ACh receptors b. diffusion of Na+ back into transverse tubules c. return of Ca2+ into the sarcoplasmic reticulum d. breaking of the bond with tropomyosin
Chapter 10 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology
Ch. 10.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 10.1 - What are the five major functions of skeletal...Ch. 10.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 10.1 - Explain the skeletal muscle characteristics of...Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 3LOCh. 10.2 - Prob. 4LOCh. 10.2 - Prob. 5LOCh. 10.2 - Prob. 1WDTCh. 10.2 - Identify the location and function of these...Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 6LO
Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 7LOCh. 10.2 - LEARNING OBJECTIVES
8. Distinguish between thick...Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 9LOCh. 10.2 - Prob. 10LOCh. 10.2 - Prob. 2WDTCh. 10.2 - Draw and label a diagram of a sarcomere.Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 5WDLCh. 10.2 - Prob. 11LOCh. 10.2 - Prob. 12LOCh. 10.2 - Prob. 6WDLCh. 10.2 - Diagram and label the anatomic structures of a...Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 13LOCh. 10.2 - Prob. 8WDLCh. 10.3 - Prob. 14LOCh. 10.3 - What triggers the binding of synaptic vesicles to...Ch. 10.3 - Prob. 15LOCh. 10.3 - What two events are linked in the physiologic...Ch. 10.3 - Prob. 11WDLCh. 10.3 - Prob. 16LOCh. 10.3 - Prob. 3WDTCh. 10.3 - Prob. 12WDLCh. 10.3 - Describe the four processes that repeat in...Ch. 10.3 - What causes the release of the myosin head from...Ch. 10.3 - LEARNING OBJECTIVES
17. Discuss what happens to...Ch. 10.3 - Prob. 18LOCh. 10.3 - How do acetylcholinesterase and Ca2+ pumps...Ch. 10.4 - LEARNING OBJECTIVES
19. Describe how ATP is made...Ch. 10.4 - Prob. 20LOCh. 10.4 - Prob. 4WDTCh. 10.4 - Prob. 16WDLCh. 10.4 - What are the various means for making ATP...Ch. 10.4 - Prob. 21LOCh. 10.4 - Prob. 18WDLCh. 10.5 - Prob. 22LOCh. 10.5 - Prob. 19WDLCh. 10.5 - Prob. 23LOCh. 10.5 - Prob. 20WDLCh. 10.5 - Prob. 24LOCh. 10.5 - Prob. 21WDLCh. 10.6 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
25. Describe what occurs in a...Ch. 10.6 - Prob. 5WDTCh. 10.6 - What events are occurring in a muscle that produce...Ch. 10.6 - Prob. 26LOCh. 10.6 - What is recruitment? Explain its importance in the...Ch. 10.6 - Prob. 27LOCh. 10.6 - Prob. 24WDLCh. 10.7 - Prob. 28LOCh. 10.7 - What is the function of skeletal muscle tone?Ch. 10.7 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
29. Distinguish between...Ch. 10.7 - When you flex your biceps brachii while doing...Ch. 10.7 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
30. Explain the length-tension...Ch. 10.7 - Prob. 27WDLCh. 10.7 - Prob. 31LOCh. 10.7 - How can muscle fatigue result from changes in each...Ch. 10.8 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
32. Compare and contrast the...Ch. 10.8 - Prob. 29WDLCh. 10.8 - Prob. 33LOCh. 10.8 - Prob. 30WDLCh. 10.9 - Prob. 34LOCh. 10.9 - What are three anatomic or physiologic differences...Ch. 10.10 - Prob. 35LOCh. 10.10 - Prob. 32WDLCh. 10.10 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
36. Compare the microscopic...Ch. 10.10 - Prob. 33WDLCh. 10.10 - Prob. 34WDLCh. 10.10 - Prob. 37LOCh. 10.10 - What are the steps of smooth muscle contraction?Ch. 10.10 - What unique characteristics of smooth muscle allow...Ch. 10.10 - Prob. 38LOCh. 10.10 - Prob. 37WDLCh. 10.10 - Prob. 38WDLCh. 10.10 - Prob. 39LOCh. 10.10 - LEARNING OBJECTIVES
40. Compare the location and...Ch. 10.10 - Prob. 39WDLCh. 10 - Prob. 1DYBCh. 10 - The physiologic event that takes place at the...Ch. 10 - In a skeletal muscle fiber, Ca2+ is released from...Ch. 10 - The bundle of dense regular connective tissue that...Ch. 10 - In excitation-contraction coupling, the transverse...Ch. 10 - During muscle contraction, the I band a. hides the...Ch. 10 - During a concentric contraction of a muscle fiber,...Ch. 10 - What event causes a troponin-tropomyosin complex...Ch. 10 - In sustained, moderate exercise, skeletal muscle...Ch. 10 - Skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle are similar in...Ch. 10 - Explain the structural relationship between a...Ch. 10 - Prob. 12DYBCh. 10 - Prob. 13DYBCh. 10 - Put the following skeletal muscle contraction...Ch. 10 - Explain the various means of providing ATP for...Ch. 10 - Explain why athletes who excel at short sprints...Ch. 10 - Explain why skeletal muscle generates the most...Ch. 10 - Prob. 18DYBCh. 10 - Describe the response of smooth muscle to...Ch. 10 - Prob. 20DYBCh. 10 - Prob. 1CALCh. 10 - One of the primary reasons that one individual is...Ch. 10 - Prob. 3CALCh. 10 - Rigor mortis occurs following death because a....Ch. 10 - Prob. 5CALCh. 10 - Prob. 1CSLCh. 10 - Describe the effect of the botulinum toxin, which...Ch. 10 - Smooth muscle is within the urinary bladder wall....
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- Figure 38.37 Which of the following statements about muscle contraction is true? The power stroke occurs when ATP is hydrolyzed to ADP and phosphate. The power stroke occurs when ADP and phosphate dissociate from the myosin head. The power stroke occurs when ADP and phosphate dissociate from the actin active site. The power stroke occurs when Ca2+ binds the calcium head.arrow_forwardThe function of Ca2+ in skeletal muscle contraction is toa. cause an allosteric change in myosin so it detaches from actin.b. provide the energy necessary for the movement of the cross-bridge.c. expose the myosin-binding sites on the thin filaments.d. bind to tropomyosin.e. do a and c only.arrow_forwardif, in a laboratory, a skeletal muscle cell receives a single stimulus to contract, it produces a single muscle twitch. If we quickly fire another stimulus for the muscle to contract, prior to the muscle fully relaxing, then we have a condition of: A. seizure B. none of the above C. complete tetanus D. temporal summation E. relaxation The _________________ phase of the Sliding Filament Model of Contraction occurs when myosin and actin separate from one another. A. cocking of the myosin head B. cross bridge detachment C. cross bridge formation D. action potential E. calcium release During contraction, the bulk of calcium comes from the?arrow_forward
- If a muscle cell had very short T-tubules, how much tension would the muscle fiber create, relative to a normal muscle fiber? Assume sarcoplasmic reticulum can still react to activity at the neuromuscular junction. a)Less tension would be created. b) No difference in tension creation. c) More tension would be created. d) No tension would be created.arrow_forwardMuscle relaxation occurs when ________. a. calcium ions are actively transported out of the sarcoplasmic reticulum b. calcium ions diffuse out of the sarcoplasmic reticulum c. calcium ions are actively transported into the sarcoplasmic reticulum d. calcium ions diffuse into the sarcoplasmic reticulumarrow_forwardIn a skeletal muscle fiber, Ca2+ is released from a. ACh receptors. b. the motor end plate. c. the sarcoplasmic reticulum. d. the sarcolemma and T-tubules.arrow_forward
- A bacterial toxin is known to block the release of ACh at the motor end plate of skeletal muscle. Consequently, a. the skeletal muscle contracts with increasing force. b. the skeletal muscle contracts with increasing frequency. c. the ability to stimulate the muscle is impaired. d. other neurotransmitters would stimulate the muscle.arrow_forwardWhich is a false statement about skeletal muscle structure?a. A myofibril is composed of multiple muscle fibers.b. Most skeletal muscles attach to bones by connective-tissue tendons.c. Each end of a thick filament is surrounded by six thin filaments.d. A cross-bridge is a portion of the myosin molecule.e. Thin filaments contain actin, tropomyosin, and troponin.arrow_forwardThe figure below shows the muscle tension (Y axis) following the application of stimuli to the muscle fiber. The pink arrows on the bottom symbolize stimuli to the muscle cell. The best explanation that the tension of the contraction in panel 4 is larger than other panels is because: A. More motor units are recruited B. More muscles are contracting C. The duration of the stimuli is longer D. The frequency of the stimuli is greaterarrow_forward
- Which of the following causes ( the state of ) rigor in skeletal muscle ?a) lack of atp b) decrease of intracellular ca2plus c) increase in intracellular ca2+ d) lack of action potential in motor neuronsarrow_forwardWhen a muscle fiber is stretched from 60% of its optimal length to Lo, what change or changes are happening on the cellular level (MULTIPLE SELECT)? A. Increased calcium release from the SR B. Increased firing of action potentials from the alpha motor neuron C. Increased rate of myosin ATPase activity D. Increased number of actin-myosin bridges E. Increased stretch on titin, producing more passive forcearrow_forwardMyosin binds to actin, then bends. What is ATP needed for next? A. to pump the Ca++ “keys” back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum B. to replace the strap and cover the binding sites C. to give feedback to the neuron that contraction occurred D. to un-bind myosin from actin and re-set for another powerstroke.arrow_forward
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