Concept explainers
Interpretation:
Whether it is usual or not that the beta-subunits of DNA polymerase III, which forms the sliding clamp along the DNA, do not contain the active site for the
Concept introduction:
Replication of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is catalyzed by a DNA polymerase enzyme. There are many types of DNA polymerases in bacteria, of which DNA polymerase III is the main polymerase enzyme.
The DNA polymerase III has a high processivity and also has 3′ exonuclease activity. It consists of more than 10 subunits that perform various functions. These subunits include α, β γ, δ, ε, and others.
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Chapter 10 Solutions
Bundle: Biochemistry, Loose-leaf Version, 9th + Owlv2,1 Term Printed Access Card
- REFLECT AND APPLY (a) Eukaryotic DNA replication is more complex than prokaryotic replication. Give one reason why this should be so. (b) Why might eukaryotic cells need more kinds of DNA polymerases than bacteria?arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY In the MeselsonStahl experiment that established the semiconservative nature of DNA replication, the extraction method produced short fragments of DNA. What sort of results might have been obtained with longer pieces of DNA?arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY Suggest a reason why it would be unlikely for replication to take place without unwinding the DNA helix.arrow_forward
- REFLECT AND APPLY List three mechanisms that relax the twisting stress in helical DNA molecules.arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY Diagram a section of DNA being transcribed. Give the various names for the two strands of DNA.arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY (a) Is it biologically advantageous that DNA is stable? Why or why not? (b) Is it biologically advantageous that RNA is unstable? Why or why not?arrow_forward
- REFLECT AND APPLY What difficulties arise in the polymerase chain reaction if there is contamination of the DNA that is to be copied?arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY Your book contains about 2 million characters (letters, spaces, and punctuation marks). If you could type with the accuracy with which the prokaryote E. coli incorporates, proofreads, and repairs bases in replication (about one uncorrected error in 109to1010 bases), how many such books would you have to type before an uncorrected error is permitted? (Assume that the error rate is one in 1010 bases.)arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY Suppose that you are a prosecuting attorney. How has the introduction of the polymerase chain reaction changed your job?arrow_forward
- REFLECT AND APPLY E. coli incorporates deoxyribonucleotides into DNA at a rate of 250 to 1000 bases per second. Using the higher value, translate this into typing speed in words per minute. (Assume five characters per word, using the typing analogy from Question 36.)arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY Why is a trimming process important in converting precursors of tRNA and rRNA to the active forms?arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY Why was it necessary to specify that the DNA in Question 33 is double-stranded?arrow_forward
- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305961135Author:Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Owen M. McDougalPublisher:Cengage Learning