Concept explainers
(a)
To explain: The reason why the researchers originally believe that the cells had no need for such a channel.
Concept introduction: Mammalian aquaporins are restricted to plasma membrane where mainly the water transportation occurs across the cell. The transport protein aquaporins is present in the intracellular in renal epithelia of kidney cell. Also, these kidney cells carry a channel that tolerates intracellular ammonia to come out of the cell.
(b)
To explain: The free energy source for ammonia transport via the channel.
Concept introduction: Mammalian aquaporins are restricted to plasma membrane where mainly the water transportation occurs across the cell. The transport protein aquaporins is present in the intracellular in renal epithelia of kidney cell. Also, these kidney cells carry a channel that tolerates intracellular ammonia to come out of the cell.
(c)
To explain: The free energy source for this pump and how their actions prevent ammonia from moving back into the kidney cells in the presence of proton pump.
Concept introduction: Mammalian aquaporins are restricted to plasma membrane where mainly the water transportation occurs across the cell. The transport protein aquaporins is present in the intracellular in renal epithelia of kidney cell. Also, these kidney cells carry a channel that tolerates intracellular ammonia to come out of the cell.
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