Principles of Macroeconomics (12th Edition)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134078809
Author: Karl E. Case, Ray C. Fair, Sharon E. Oster
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 10, Problem 3.1P
To determine
Reason for districts are divided and the banks are located in those 12 cities.
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Question 1
Assume that the following asset values (in millions of dollars) exist in Ironmania: Federal Reserve Notes in circulation = $700; Money market mutual funds (MMMFs) held by individuals = $400; Corporate bonds = $300; Iron ore deposits = $50; Currency in commercial banks = $100; Savings deposits, including money market deposit accounts (MMDAs) = $140; Checkable deposits = $1500; Small-denominated (less than $100,000) time deposits = $100; Coins in circulation = $40.
Recall, M1 equals Federal Reserve Notes in circulation plus checkable deposits plus Coins in circulation. M2 equals M1 plus Savings deposits, including Money market deposit accounts (MMDAs) plus Small-denominated (less than $100,000) time deposits plus Money Market Mutual Funds (MMMFs) held by individuals
What is M1 in Ironmania?
What is M2 in Ironmania?
The Third National Bank has reserves of $20,000 and checkable deposits of $100,000. The reserve ratio is 20 percent. Households deposit $5000 in currency into…
Assume that the following asset values (in millions of dollars) exist in Ironmania: Federal Reserve Notes in circulation = $700; Money market mutual funds (MMMFs) held by individuals = $400; Corporate bonds = $300; Iron ore deposits = $50; Currency in commercial banks = $100; Savings deposits, including money market deposit accounts (MMDAs) = $140; Checkable deposits = $1500; Small-denominated (less than $100,000) time deposits = $100; Coins in circulation = $40.
Hints: Recall, M1 equals Federal Reserve Notes in circulation plus checkable deposits plus Coins in circulation. M2 equals M1 plus Savings deposits, including Money market deposit accounts (MMDAs) plus Small-denominated (less than $100,000) time deposits plus Money Market Mutual Funds (MMMFs) held by individuals.
Part 1:What is M1 in Ironmania?
Part 2: What is M2 in Ironmania?
Economics
Consider the model of financial intermediation seen in Chapter 3. Money is denoted by M, currency by C and demand deposits by D. Currency in the economy is initially $4,000, so C = $4,000. Suppose households deposit all of their currency in “Firstbank”.
1. Suppose banks hold 100% of deposits as reserves. Then the money supply is
2. Suppose that banks hold only 30% of deposits as reserves, and lend 70% of deposits. Right after Firstbank lends some of the deposits to borrowers, and before borrowers deposit the money from the loans, the money supply in the economy is
Chapter 10 Solutions
Principles of Macroeconomics (12th Edition)
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- Explain what would happen if banks were notified they had to increase their required reserves by one percentage point from, say, 9 to 10 of deposits. What would their options be to come up with the cash?arrow_forwardList the three traditional tools that a central bank has for controlling the money supply.arrow_forwardMonetary policy and the market for bank reserves Suppose the federal funds rate is not close to zero, risk spreads are roughly constant so that different interest rates rise and fall together, and banks are not holding many excess reserves. Federal Reserve open-market operations are done mostly in Treasury bills. Such economic conditions are referred to as “normal times.” Suppose the Federal Reserve implements an expansionary monetary policy by ________(BUYING /SELLING) bonds through open-market operations. IST GRAPH The following graph shows the demand and supply of bank reserves. On the graph, show the effect of the Fed's expansionary monetary policy by shifting one or both of the curves. Note: Select and drag one or both of the curves to the desired position. Curves will snap into position, so if you try to move a curve and it snaps back to its original position, just drags it a little farther. As a result of the Fed's expansionary policy, the interest rate…arrow_forward
- Suppose a bank has $100 million in checking account deposits with no excess reserves and the required reserve ratio is 20 percent. If the Federal Reserve reduces the required reserve ratio to 15 percent, then the bank will now have excess reserves of $0. $5 million. $15 million. $20 million.arrow_forwardSuppose that in a given month $52 million is deposited into the banking system while $60 million is withdrawn. Also suppose that the Fed has set the reserve requirement at 8 percent and that banks have no excess reserves at the beginning of the month. What is the maximum amount of new checkable-deposit money that can be created (or removed) by the banking system as a result of these deposits and withdrawals? Instructions: Enter your answer as a whole number. Enter a positive number to show an increase and a negative number (−) to show a decrease. $ millionarrow_forwardSuppose First Main Street Bank, Second Republic Bank, and Third Fidelity Bank all have zero excess reserves. The required reserve ratio is 25%. The Federal Reserve buys a government bond worth $1,800,000 from Felix, a customer of First Main Street Bank. He deposits the money into his checking account at First Main Street Bank. Now, suppose First Main Street Bank loans out all of its new excess reserves to Deborah, who immediately writes a check for the full amount to Carlos. Carlos then immediately deposits the funds in his checking account at Second Republic Bank. Then Second Republic Bank lends out all of its new excess reserves to Larry, who writes a check to Janet, who deposits the money in her account at Third Fidelity Bank. Finally, Third Fidelity lends out all of its new excess reserves to Megan. Assume this process continues, with each successive loan deposited into a checking account and no banks keeping any excess reserves. Under these assumptions, the $1,800,000 injection…arrow_forward
- Suppose First Main Street Bank, Second Republic Bank, and Third Fidelity Bank all have zero excess reserves. The required reserve ratio is 10%. Paolo, a client of First Main Street Bank, deposits $500,000 into his checking account at First Main Street Bank. Complete the following table to reflect any changes in First Main Street Bank's T-account (before the bank makes any new loans). Assets Liabilities Complete the following table to show the effect of a new deposit on excess and required reserves when the required reserve ratio is 10%. Hint: If the change is negative, be sure to enter the value as negative number. Amount Deposited Change in Excess Reserves Change in Required Reserves (Dollars) (Dollars) (Dollars) 500,000 Now, suppose First Main Street Bank loans out all of its new excess reserves to Lucia, who immediately uses the funds to write a check to Kenji. Kenji deposits the funds immediately into…arrow_forwardMonetary policy and the market for bank reserves Suppose the federal funds rate is not close to zero, risk spreads are roughly constant so that different interest rates rise and fall together, and banks are not holding many excess reserves. Federal Reserve open-market operations are done mostly in Treasury bills. Such economic conditions are referred to as “normal times.” Suppose the Federal Reserve implements an expansionary monetary policy by _________(BUYING /SELLING) bonds through open-market operations. The following graph shows the demand and supply of bank reserves. On the graph, show the effect of the Fed's expansionary monetary policy by shifting one or both of the curves. Note: Select and drag one or both of the curves to the desired position. Curves will snap into position, so if you try to move a curve and it snaps back to its original position, just drags it a little farther. THE FIRST IMAGE IS OF THE FIRST GRAPH As a result of the Fed's expansionary…arrow_forwardAssume that the following asset values (in millions of dollars) exist in Ironmania: Federal Reserve Notes in circulation = $700; Money market mutual funds (MMMFs) held by individuals = $400; Corporate bonds = $300; Iron ore deposits = $50; Currency in commercial banks = $100; Savings deposits, including money market deposit accounts (MMDAs) = $140; Checkable deposits = $1500; Small-denominated (less than $100,000) time deposits = $100; Coins in circulation = $40. Recall, M1 equals Federal Reserve Notes in circulation plus checkable deposits plus Coins in circulation. M2 equals M1 plus Savings deposits, including Money market deposit accounts (MMDAs) plus Small-denominated (less than $100,000) time deposits plus Money Market Mutual Funds (MMMFs) held by individuals. 1.1. What is M1 in Ironmania? Show your computation. 1.2. What is M2 in Ironmania? Show your computation.arrow_forward
- Assume that the following asset values (in millions of dollars) exist in Ironmania: Federal Reserve Notes in circulation = $700; Money market mutual funds (MMMFs) held by individuals = $400; Corporate bonds = $300; Iron ore deposits = $50; Currency in commercial banks = $100; Savings deposits, including money market deposit accounts (MMDAs) = $140; Checkable deposits = $1500; Small-denominated (less than $100,000) time deposits = $100; Coins in circulation = $40. Recall, M1 equals Federal Reserve Notes in circulation plus checkable deposits plus Coins in circulation. M2 equals M1 plus Savings deposits, including Money market deposit accounts (MMDAs) plus Small-denominated (less than $100,000) time deposits plus Money Market Mutual Funds (MMMFs) held by individuals. 1.1 What is M1 in Ironmania? 1.2. What is M2 in Ironmania?arrow_forwardIn the mid 1800's, grain sellers in Chicago would deliver their grain to warehouses and receive a paper receipt that represented their claim on the grain in storage. These receipts became so widely used that grain traders began to use them as money, and they would use the warehouse receipts to settle debts and as collateral to secure short-term loans. Despite their widespread use as a form of currency, the warehouse receipts were not fiat money because: A. Grain is a commodity, so the receipts were commodity money and not fiat money B. The receipts were not legal tender formally recognized by a governmentarrow_forwardMost people in the country of Classica tend to keep $3 out of every $100 of their cash holdings in their wallets. The central bank has instructed the commercial banks to also hold 4% of all bank deposits as reserves. Suppose that in 2018 customers deposit $4,000 into their bank accounts. Based on the extended money multiplier calculated in part (i), what is the calculation of the total amount which the money supply in the banking system will eventually increase to?arrow_forward
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