Chapter 10, Problem 5Q

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The amount of benzoic acid remaining in the water solution after extraction with four 20-mL ether should be determined and the same should be calculated using extraction with one 80-mL ether. Also the more efficient method should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The formula used to determine the left amount after n extractions remaining in the original water solvent is:

  $\frac{{\left(\text{final mass of solute}\right)}_{\text{water}}}{{\left(\text{initial mass of solute}\right)}_{\text{water}}}\text{=}{\left(\frac{{\text{V}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{V}}_{\text{2}}{\text{+V}}_{\text{1}}\text{K}}\right)}^{\text{n}}$

Where

  $\text{n}$ represents number of extractions

  $\text{K}$ represents distribution coefficient

  ${\text{V}}_1$ represents volume of organic solvent in each extraction,

  ${\text{V}}_{\text{2}}$ represents original volume of water