Chemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168390
Author: Klaus Theopold, Richard H Langley, Paul Flowers, William R. Robinson, Mark Blaser
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 10, Problem 93E
What is the percent by mass of titanium in rutile, a mineral that contains titanium and oxygen, if structure can be described as a closest packed array of oxide ions with titanium ions in one-half of the octahedral holes? What is the oxidation number of titanium?
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Chapter 10 Solutions
Chemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)
Ch. 10 - In terms of their bulk properties, how do liquids...Ch. 10 - In terms of the kinetic molecular theory, in what...Ch. 10 - In terms of the kinetic molecular theory, in what...Ch. 10 - Explain why liquids assume the shape of any...Ch. 10 - What is the evidence that all neutral atoms and...Ch. 10 - Open the PhET States of Matter Simulation...Ch. 10 - Define the following and give an example of each:...Ch. 10 - The types of intermolecular forces in a substance...Ch. 10 - Why do the boiling points of the noble gases...Ch. 10 - Neon and HF have approximately the same molecular...
Ch. 10 - Arrange each of the following sets of compounds in...Ch. 10 - The molecular mass of butanol, C4H9OH, is 74.14;...Ch. 10 - On the basis of intermolecular attractions,...Ch. 10 - On the basis of dipole moments and/or hydrogen...Ch. 10 - The melting point of H2O(s) is O C. Would you...Ch. 10 - Silane SiH4, phosphine (PH3), and hydrogen sulfide...Ch. 10 - Explain why a hydrogen bond between two water...Ch. 10 - Under certain conditions, molecules of acetic...Ch. 10 - Proteins are chains of amino acids that can form...Ch. 10 - The density of liquid NH3 is 0.64 g/mL; the...Ch. 10 - Identify the intermolecular forces present in the...Ch. 10 - The test tubes shown here contain equal amounts of...Ch. 10 - Although steel is denser than water, a steel...Ch. 10 - The surface tension and viscosity values for...Ch. 10 - You may have heard someone use the figure of...Ch. 10 - It is often recommended that you let your car...Ch. 10 - The surface tension and viscosity of water at...Ch. 10 - At 25 C, how high will water rise in a glass...Ch. 10 - Water rises in a glass capillary tube to a height...Ch. 10 - Heat is added to boiling water. Explain why the...Ch. 10 - Heat is added to ice at 0 C. Explain why the...Ch. 10 - What feature characterizes the dynamic equilibrium...Ch. 10 - Identify two common observations indicating some...Ch. 10 - Identify two common observations indicating some...Ch. 10 - What is the relationship between the...Ch. 10 - What is the relationship between the...Ch. 10 - Why does spilled gasoline evaporate more rapidly...Ch. 10 - Carbon tetrachloride, CCl4, was once used as a dry...Ch. 10 - When is the boiling point of a liquid equal to its...Ch. 10 - How does the boiling of a liquid differ from its...Ch. 10 - Use the information in Figure 10.24 to estimate...Ch. 10 - A syringe at a temperature of 20 C is filled with...Ch. 10 - Explain the following observations: (a) It takes...Ch. 10 - The enthalpy of vaporization of water is larger...Ch. 10 - Explain why the molar enthalpies of vaporization...Ch. 10 - Explain why the enthalpies of vaporization of the...Ch. 10 - The enthalpy of vaporization of CO2(l) is 9.8...Ch. 10 - The hydrogen fluoride molecule, HF, is more polar...Ch. 10 - Ethyl chloride (boiling point, 13 C) is used as a...Ch. 10 - Which contains the compounds listed correctly in...Ch. 10 - How much heat is required to convert 422 g of...Ch. 10 - Evaporation of sweat requires energy and thus take...Ch. 10 - Titanium tetrachloride, TiCl4, has a melting point...Ch. 10 - From the phase diagram for water (Figure 10.31),...Ch. 10 - What phase changes will take place when water is...Ch. 10 - Pressure cookers allow food to cook faster because...Ch. 10 - From the phase diagram for carbon dioxide in...Ch. 10 - Determine the phase changes that carbon dioxide...Ch. 10 - Consider a cylinder containing a mixture of liquid...Ch. 10 - Dry ice, CO2(s) , does not melt at atmospheric...Ch. 10 - If a severe storm results in the loss of...Ch. 10 - Is it possible to liquefy nitrogen at room...Ch. 10 - Elemental carbon has one gas phase, one liquid...Ch. 10 - What types of liquids typically form amorphous...Ch. 10 - At very low temperatures oxygen, O2, freezes and...Ch. 10 - As it cools, olive oil slowly solidifies and forms...Ch. 10 - Explain why ice, which is a crystalline solid, has...Ch. 10 - Identify the type of crystalline solid (metallic,...Ch. 10 - Identify the type of crystalline solid (metallic,...Ch. 10 - Classify each substance in the table as either a...Ch. 10 - Classify each substance in the table as either a...Ch. 10 - Identify the following substances as ionic,...Ch. 10 - Substance A is shiny, conducts electricity well,...Ch. 10 - Substance B is hard, does not conduct electricity,...Ch. 10 - Describe the crystal structure of iron, which...Ch. 10 - Describe the crystal structure of Pt, which...Ch. 10 - What is the coordination number of a chromium atom...Ch. 10 - What is the coordination number of an aluminum...Ch. 10 - Cobalt metal crystallizes in a hexagonal closest...Ch. 10 - Nickel metal crystallizes in a cubic closest...Ch. 10 - Tungsten crystallizes in a body-centered cubic...Ch. 10 - Platinum (atomic radius =1.38) crystallizes in a...Ch. 10 - Barium crystallizes in a body-centered cubic unit...Ch. 10 - Aluminum (atomic radius = 1.43 ) crystallizes in a...Ch. 10 - The density of aluminum is 2.7 g/cm3; that of...Ch. 10 - The free space in a metal may be found by...Ch. 10 - Cadmium sulfide, sometimes used as a yellow...Ch. 10 - A compound of cadmium, tin, and phosphorus is used...Ch. 10 - What is the formula of the magnetic oxide of...Ch. 10 - A compound containing zinc, aluminum, and sulfur...Ch. 10 - A compound of thallium and iodine crystallizes in...Ch. 10 - Which of the following elements reacts with sulfur...Ch. 10 - What is the percent by mass of titanium in rutile,...Ch. 10 - Explain why the chemically similar alkali metal...Ch. 10 - As minerals were formed from the molten magma,...Ch. 10 - Rubidium iodide crystallizes with a cubic unit...Ch. 10 - One of the various manganese oxides crystallizes...Ch. 10 - NaH crystallizes with the same ciystal structure...Ch. 10 - Thallium(I) iodide crystallizes with the same...Ch. 10 - A cubic unit cell contains manganese ions at the...Ch. 10 - What is the spacing between crystal planes that...Ch. 10 - A diffracrometer using X-rays with a wavelength of...Ch. 10 - A metal with spacing between planes equal to...Ch. 10 - Gold crystallizes in a face-centered cubic unit...Ch. 10 - When an electron in an excited molybdenum atom...
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- The free space in a metal may be found by subtracting the volume of the atoms in a unit cell from the volume of the cell. Calculate the percentage of free space in each of the three cubic lattices if all atoms in each are of equal size and touch their nearest neighbors. Which of these structures represents the most efficient packing? That is, which packs with the least amount of unused space?arrow_forwardA compound containing zinc, aluminum, and sulfur crystallizes with a closest-packed array of sulfide ions. Zinc ions are found in one-eighth of the tetrahedral holes and aluminum ions in one-half of the octahedral holes. What is the empirical formula of the compound?arrow_forwardOne of the various manganese oxides crystallizes with a cubic unit cell that contains manganese ions at the corners and in the center. Oxide ions are located at the center of each edge of the unit cell. What is the formula of the compound?arrow_forward
- What is the coordination number in the cesium chloride cubic structure?arrow_forwardA portion of the crystalline lattice for potassium is illustrated below. (a) In what type of unit cell are the K atoms arranged? A portion of the solid-state structure of potassium. (b) If one edge of the potassium unit cell is 533 pm, what is the density of potassium?arrow_forwardSilicon carbide, SiC, is a very hard, high-melting solid. What kind of crystal forces account for these properties?arrow_forward
- Tungsten crystallizes in the unit cell shown here. Unit cell for tungsten (a) What type of unit cell is this? (b) How many tungsten atoms occur per unit cell? (c) If the edge of the unit cell is 316.5 pm, what is the radius of a tungsten atom? (Hint: The W atoms touch each other along the diagonal line from one comer of the unit cell to the opposite comer of the unit cell.)arrow_forwardCobalt metal crystallizes in a hexagonal closest packed structure. What is the coordination number of a cobalt atom?arrow_forwardRhenium forms a series of solid oxides: Re2O7 (yellow), ReO3 (red), Re2O5 (blue), and ReO2 (brown). One of them has a crystal structure with the following unit cell: a How many rhenium atoms (gray spheres) are there in a unit cell? How many oxygen atoms are there in a unit cell? b What is the color of the compound? Explain.arrow_forward
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