An Introduction to Statistical Methods and Data Analysis
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781305269477
Author: R. Lyman Ott, Micheal T. Longnecker
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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In studies examining the effect of humor on interpersonal attractions, McGee and Shevlin (2009) found that an individual’s sense of humor had a significant effect on how the individual was perceived by others. In one part of the study, female college students were given brief descriptions of a potential romantic partner. The fictitious male was described positively as being single and ambitious and having good job prospects. For one group of participants, the description also said that he had a great sense of humor. For another group, it said that he has no sense of humor. After reading the description, each participant was asked to rate the attractiveness of the man on a seven-point scale from 1 (very unattractive) to 7 (very attractive). A score of 4 indicates a neutral rating.
The females who read the “great sense of humor” description gave the potential partner an average attractiveness score of M = 4.53 with a standard deviation of s = 1.04. If the sample consisted of n = 16…
To examine adolescent substance abuse, Li, Pentz, and Chou (2002) surveyed 1,807 middle school students from 57 schools. The results showed that a greater risk of adolescent substance abuse was associated with increasing numbers of parents and friends who were sub- stance abusers. However, friends’ use did not affect adolescent substance abuse when parents were nonusers.
Is this an example of a research design?
The article “Developing a Tool to Measure the Factors Influencing Nurses' Enjoyment of Nursing” (L. Wilkes, M. Doull, et al., Journal of Clinical Nursing, 2016:1854–1860) reports that in a sample of 124 nurses, 54 said that a busy workload had a positive effect on their enjoyment of their job. Can you conclude that less than 45% of nurses feel that a busy workload has a positive effect on their enjoyment of their job?
Chapter 10 Solutions
An Introduction to Statistical Methods and Data Analysis
Ch. 10.11 - Prob. 1ECh. 10.11 - For each of the following values for and n,...Ch. 10.11 - Prob. 3ECh. 10.11 - A random sample of 1,200 units is randomly...Ch. 10.11 - A public opinion polling agency plans to conduct a...Ch. 10.11 - The test for screening donated blood for the...Ch. 10.11 - National public opinion polls are often based on...Ch. 10.11 - Prob. 17ECh. 10.11 - A large retail lawn care dealer currently provides...Ch. 10.11 - Prob. 20E
Ch. 10.11 - Sludge is a dried product remaining from processed...Ch. 10.11 - A political scientist is studying the impact of a...Ch. 10.11 - The quality control department of a motorcycle...Ch. 10.11 - Refer to Exercise 10.29. a. Place 95% confidence...Ch. 10.11 - The article “Positive Aspects of Caregiving”...Ch. 10.11 - A study examining bomb hits in South London during...Ch. 10.11 - The fire department in a large city is examining...Ch. 10.11 - Prob. 53ECh. 10.11 - A carcinogenicity study was conducted to examine...
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- A cross-sectional study is conducted to investigate cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among a sample of patients seeking medical care at one of three local hospitals. A total of 500500 patients are enrolled. Based on the following data, we would like to determine if there is a significant association between the family history of CVD and the enrollment site. Enrollment Site Family History of CVD Hospital 1 Hospital 2 Hospital 3 Total Yes 34 8 58 100 No 104 72 224 400 Total 138 80 282 500 Given: The value of the test statistic is χ2= 6.912 Use α=0.1 as the level of significance. The superintendent of Hospital 2 performed the Goodness of Fit Test to test whether 25% of the patients go to Hospital 1, 15% of the patients go to Hospital 2 and 60% of the patients go to Hospital 3. Given: The superintendent found that the pp-value for the test is 0.25091 Let: p1=p1= be the proportion of patients at Hospital 1 p2=p2= be the proportion of patients at…arrow_forwardIn a study examining the effect of humor on interpersonal attractions, McGee and Shevlin (2009) found that a man’s sense of humor had a significant effect on how he was perceived by women. In the study, female college students were given brief descriptions of a potential romantic partner and then rated the attractiveness of the male on a scale from 1 (low) to 7 (high). The fictitious male was described positively as being single, ambitious, and having good job prospects. In one condition, the description also said that he had a great sense of humor. The results showed that the description was rated significantly higher when “a sense of humor” was included. To examine this effect further, a researcher selected a sample of n = 16 college males and asked them to read a brief description of a female and then rate the attractiveness of the woman in the description. The description had been used in previous research but was modified by adding a statement describing a good sense of humor.…arrow_forwardIn the book Business Research Methods (5th ed.), Donald R. Cooper and C. William Emory discuss studying the relationship between on-the-job accidents and smoking. Cooper and Emory describe the study as follows: Suppose a manager implementing a smoke-free workplace policy is interested in whether smoking affects worker accidents. Since the company has complete reports of on-the-job accidents, she draws a sample of names of workers who were involved in accidents during the last year. A similar sample from among workers who had no reported accidents in the last year is drawn. She interviews members of both groups to determine if they are smokers or not. The sample results are given in the following table. On-the-Job Accident Smoker Yes No Row Total Heavy 12 5 17 Moderate 9 10 19 Nonsmoker 13 17 30 Column total 34 32 66 Expected counts are below observed counts Accident No Accident Total Heavy 12 5 17 8.76 8.24…arrow_forward
- A study in Sweden looked at former elite soccer players, people who had played soccer but not at the elite level, and people of the same age who did not play soccer. Here is a two-way table that classifies these subjects by whether or not they had arthritis of the hip or knee by their mid-fifties: Elite Non-elite Did not play Arthritis 10 9 24 No arthritis 61 206 548 Based on this study, you can conclude thatarrow_forwardDoes posting calorie content for menu items affectpeople’s choices in fast-food restaurants? According to results obtained by Elbel, Gyamfi, and Kersh(2011), the answer is no. The researchers monitoredthe calorie content of food purchases for children andadolescents in four large fast-food chains before andafter mandatory labeling began in New York City. Although most of the adolescents reported noticing thecalorie labels, apparently the labels had no effect ontheir choices. Data similar to the results obtained showan average of M = 786 calories per meal with s =85 for n =100 children and adolescents before thelabeling, compared to an average of M = 772 calorieswith s = 91 for a similar sample of n = 100 after themandatory posting.a. Use a two-tailed test with a = .05 to determinewhether the mean number of calories after theposting is significantly different than before caloriecontent was posted.b. Calculate r2to measure effect size for the mean difference.arrow_forwardLeisure Activities and Dementia. An article appearing in the Los Angeles Times discussed the study “Leisure Activities and the Risk of Dementia in the Elderly” (New England Journal of Medicine, Vol. 348) by J.Verghese et al. The article in the Times, titled “Crosswords Reduce Risk of Dementia,” contained the following statement: “Elderly people who frequently read, do crossword puzzles, practice a musical instrument or play board games cut their risk of Alzheimer’s and other forms of dementia by nearly two-thirds compared with people who seldom do such activities.” Comment on thestatement in quotes, keeping in mind the type of study for which causation can be reasonably inferred.arrow_forward
- A researcher hypothesizes that personality type is related to heart disease. Type A people, who are competitive and impatient are more prone to heart diseases. Type B people, who are more relaxed, are less likely to have heart problems. The following data about personality type and heart disorder are from a random sample. No heart disease heart disease total Type A 32 18 50 Type B 128 22 150 total 160 40 Do these data support that there is a significant relationship between personality type and heart disease? Test at the .05 level of significance. Compute the phi-coefficient to measure the strength of the relationship.arrow_forwardWhich of the independent variables retains the strongest association with the number of children a respondent has when all other variables in the model are controlled? What is that association? Which has the weakest when other variables are controlled?arrow_forwardIn a study examining the effect of humor on interpersonal attractions, McGee and Shevlin (2009) foundthat a man’s sense of humor had a significant effect onhow he was perceived by women. In the study, femalecollege students were given brief descriptions of a potential romantic partner and then rated the attractivenessof the male on a scale from 1 (low) to 7 (high). Thefictitious male was described positively as being single,ambitious, and having good job prospects. In one condition, the description also said that he had a great senseof humor. The results showed that the description wasrated significantly higher when “a sense of humor” wasincluded. To further examine this effect, a researcherselected a sample of n = 16 college males and askedthem to read a brief description of a female and thenrate the attractiveness of the woman in the description.The description had been used in previous research butwas modified by adding a statement describing a goodsense of humor. Based on the…arrow_forward
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what is Research Design, Research Design Types, and Research Design Methods; Author: Educational Hub;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LpmGSioXxdo;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY