CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS-MOD.MASTERING
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780135191811
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 10.2, Problem 4CC
WHAT IF? A certain eukaryote lives as a unicellular organism, but during environmental stress, it produces gametes. The gametes fuse, and the resulting zygote undergoes meiosis, generating new single cells. What type of organism could this be?
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| The Role of Meiosis
Key Idea: There are two types of cell division in eukaryotes,
mitosis and meiosis, but only meiosis produces cells that are
genetically different to the parent cell.
New cells are formed when existing cells divide. There are
two forms of cell division in eukaryotes, mitosis and meiosis.
Mitosis produces two identical daughter cells from a parent
cell. Meiosis is a special type of cell division, and produces
sex cells (gametes or spores) for sexual reproduction. In
sexual reproduction, sex cells from two parents combine to
form an individual that is genetically different to its parents.
The sex cells in humans, called eggs and
sperm, are produced by meiosis. Events
occurring during meiosis creates gametes
with unique combinations of gene variants
and so creates genetic variability.
Sexual reproduction rearranges and
reshuffles the genetic material into new
combinations. This is why family members
may look similar, but they'll never be
identical (except for…
MAKE CONNECTIONS Look at Figure 12.7 and imagine the twodaughter cells undergoing another round of mitosis, yielding four cells.Compare the number of chromosomes in each of those four cells, aftermitosis, with the number in each cell in Figure 13.8, after meiosis. Whatis it about the process of meiosis that accounts for this difference, eventhough meiosis also includes two cell divisions?
Plasmogamy is the fusion of(a) two haploid cells including their nuclei.(b) two haploid cells without nuclear fusion.(c) sperm and egg.(d) sperm and two polar nuclei.
Please try to break the solutions into as many steps as practically possible and the steps should come one by one and they should be short and crisp and plagiarism-free.
Chapter 10 Solutions
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS-MOD.MASTERING
Ch. 10.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Using what you know of gene...Ch. 10.1 - How does an asexually reproducing eukaryotic...Ch. 10.1 - WHAT IF? A horticulturalist breeds orchids, trying...Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 10.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 10.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 10.2 - WHAT IF? A certain eukaryote lives as a...Ch. 10.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 10.3 - WHAT IF? After the synaptonemal complex...Ch. 10.4 - Prob. 1CC
Ch. 10.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 10 - A human cell containing 22 autosomes and a Y...Ch. 10 - Homologous chromosomes move toward opposite poles...Ch. 10 - If the DNA content of a diploid cell in the G1...Ch. 10 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 10 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 10 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 10 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 10 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 10 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 10 - Prob. 10TYU
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- ..explain why meiosis occurs only in specialized cells (gametes), and that the overall goal of meiosis is to make haploid cells for sexual reproduction • ..outline the sequence of key chromosomal movements and rearrangements during the two meiotic divisions, identifying key similarities and differences between meiosis and mitosis • ..describe the ploidy of a cell before and after meiosis I and meiosis II, and how ploidy changes after separation of sister chromatids and homologous chromosomesarrow_forwardPicture 1 Picture 2 Picture 3 Picture 4 Picture 5 Picture 6 Meiosis stage descriptions 7. homologous pairs line up as tetrads along the middle of the cell 8. one of each homologous pair reaches the ends of the cell, the cell begins pinching in, and two new nuclear membranes form 9. DNA condenses in two haploid cells, the nuclear membranes disintegrate 10. sister chromatids split apart and daughter chromosomes move towards the ends of twn cellsarrow_forwardMeiosis stage descriptions 7. homologous pairs line up as tetrads along the middle of the cell 8. one of each homologous pair reaches the ends of the cell, the cell begins pinching in, and two new nuclear membranes form 9. DNA condenses in two haploid cells, the nuclear membranes disintegrate 10. sister chromatids split apart and daughter chromosomes move towards the ends of two cells 11. DNA replication has occured, DNA decondensed in one cell 12. four cells with half of the genetic material of a body cell result, all are different from each other Match the picture or the image with the name of the stage it represents. Use each stage just once for either an image or description.arrow_forward
- 1. Meiosis practice with ascospores The life cycle of the fungus Sordaria fimicola begins in the haploid state. After two different types of strains combine, they develop a diploid nucleus. As the life cycle continues, the diploid nucleus undergoes meiosis (2 cell divisions, remember?) followed by mitosis (a trick the fungi do to make more mileage out of the mating). This produces eight haploid ascospores which are stored in a sac called an ascus. The spores line up in a way that shows these cell divisions. After the spores have matured, the sac will burst, allowing the ascospores to be released. These spores are haploid and thus begin the life cycle again. Sordaria fimicola is often used to observe crossing over because the wild type strain has black ascospores and the mutant type has tan ascospores. When a combination of the two strains go through meiosis, the location of the ascospores will directly show if crossing over has occurred. The below pictures shows a fruiting body with…arrow_forward. In plants, which of the following are produced by meiosis?(A) haploid gametes(B) diploid gametes(C) haploid spores(D) diploid sporesarrow_forwardNeed help with question: - if a nucleus has 12 chromosomes when it begins meiosis, how may chromosomes dose it have after telophase I ? How many are there after telophase II? - which meiotic phases underlie variation? - why is it advantageous for a species to have variation with in genetic material? When is it a disadvantage?arrow_forward
- Exercise Observe the diagram below and answer the following questions: Image Source: Wikimedia Commons 18₂1)-(²) (Cr)-(1 1. Which process is represented in these diagrams? Mitosis or meiosis? Explain your answer. 2. How many chromosomes did the cell start with? 3. How many chromosomes are present at the end of division I? 4. How many chromosomes are present in each cell at the end of division II? Homologous Chromosomes 5. Explain how meiosis results in UNIQUE cells. 6. Is this cell division occurring in a plant cell or an animal cell? What is the main difference between the two divisions?arrow_forwardI need help with a biology question, please see the image below, thanks Answer the following from the image with letters A,B,C, or D For an organism with a diploid number of 6, how are the chromosomes arranged during metaphase I of meiosis? Which sketch shows the arrangement of chromosomes that you would expect to see in metaphase of mitosis for a cell with a diploid chromosome number of 6? For an organism with a diploid number of 6, how are the chromosomes arranged during metaphase 2 of meiosis?arrow_forwardWhich statement best describes the genetic content of the two daughter cells in prophase II of meiosis? haploid with one copy of each gene haploid with two copies of each gene diploid with two copies of each gene diploid with four copies of each genearrow_forward
- Review Concept 12.1 Cell Division. Match the term and its description. Each term can only be used once. All the DNA in a cell is called its [Choose] Choose] Material of chromosome, a complex of DNA ani protein is referred as sister chromatids These nonreproductive cells or body cells are called somatic cells gametes This duplicated chromosome attached along thcir lengths by centromere cohesins. each contain two cell division This is the narrow "waist" of the duplicated chromosome where the two sister chromatids are attached. chromatin genomearrow_forwardplease answer, do not copy from google please What is the shape of the ascus? The ascospores inside the asci are produced by meiosis. Are ascospores haploid or diploid? Interspersed among the asci are sterilefilaments, the paraphyses. Deduce the function of paraphyses. The ascospores are released from the asci and undergo mitotic division upon germination. Are the individuals germinating from ascospores haploid or diploid?arrow_forwardSelect two that apply. Which of the following generate genetic diversity in meiosis? homologous chromosomes are separated during anaphase II homologous chromosomes align individually during metaphase II O bivalents align independently from other bivalents during metaphase I sister chromatids exchange genetic material during prophase I homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material during prophase I meiosis goes through two rounds of divisionarrow_forward
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The Cell Cycle and its Regulation; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eqJqhA8HSJ0;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Cell Division - Mitosis and Meiosis - GCSE Biology (9-1); Author: Mr Exham Biology;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w7vp_uRA8kw;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY