The IUPAC name of isobutane and isopentane has to be determined. Concept Introduction: Alkanes : Saturated hydrocarbons are called as alkanes. Each atom in an alkane shows the presence of four single bonds in a tetrahedral arrangement with sp 3 hybridization. The name of alkane ends with “-ane” . Rules for naming compound: 1) The carbon atoms in the longest chain have to be counted. 2) The substituents have to be identified and counted. 3) The backbone carbon atoms have to be numbered by assigning the lowest number from the starting end.

Question

This question is about the chemistry of alkenes, which are unsaturated hydrocarbons. (a) State what is meant by the term unsaturated as applied to a hydrocarbon. (1) (b) An organic compound, X, is an unsaturated hydrocarbon with molecular formula CH₂. (i) Draw the displayed formulae and give the names of two molecules with molecular formula C₂H, which are E/Z isomers. (3) Isomer 1 Isomer 2 Name: Name:

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 11.10E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name of isobutane and isopentane has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Alkanes: Saturated hydrocarbons are called as alkanes. Each atom in an alkane shows the presence of four single bonds in a tetrahedral arrangement with sp3 hybridization. The name of alkane ends with “-ane”.

Rules for naming compound:

1) The carbon atoms in the longest chain have to be counted.

2) The substituents have to be identified and counted.

3) The backbone carbon atoms have to be numbered by assigning the lowest number from the starting end.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A rule for formulating the use of prefix –iso and the structure of isohexane has to be given.

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This question is about the chemistry of alkenes, which are unsaturated hydrocarbons. (a) State what is meant by the term unsaturated as applied to a hydrocarbon. (1) (b) An organic compound, X, is an unsaturated hydrocarbon with molecular formula CH₂. (i) Draw the displayed formulae and give the names of two molecules with molecular formula C₂H, which are E/Z isomers. (3) Isomer 1 Isomer 2 Name: Name:

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Identify which of the following statement(s) is/are true. (a) A functional group is a group of atoms in an organic molecule that undergoes a predictable set of chemical reactions. (b) The functional group of an alcohol, an aldehyde, and a ketone have in common the fact that each contains a single oxygen atom. (c) A primary alcohol has one -OH group, a secondary alcohol has two -OH groups, and a tertiary alcohol has three -OH groups. (d) There are two alcohols with the molecular formula C3H8O. (e) There are three amines with the molecular formula C3H9N.