Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134605197
Author: Dee Unglaub Silverthorn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 11, Problem 19RQ
Summary Introduction
To determine: The result of shooting monkeys with darts poisoned with plant toxin-curare.
Introduction: Curare is a plant toxin that is generally used as a muscle relaxant in diagnostics. A regulated dose functions normally in relaxing the muscles, but an exceeded concentration can lead to the weakening of skeletal muscles. This toxin functions by blocking the acetylcholine receptors, which is involved in transferring the information between nerve and muscle cells.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Which statement about nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) is true?
a. Each nAChR is composed of seven different protein subunits.
b. They are ionotropic receptors and conduct Na+ and Ca2+ ions across the cell membrane causing depolarization and a fast excitatory response.
c. They are ionotropic receptors and conduct K+ ions across the cell membrane, causing depolarization and a fast excitatory response.
d. They are found in all areas of the nervous system except the brain.
Lucy smokes a cigarette which has nicotine in it. Nicotine activates ________ receptors and has an _______ effect on receptor proteins.
A.
Nicotinic ACh, excitatory
B.
Muscarinic ACh, excitatory
C.
Nicotinic ACh, inhibitory
D.
Muscarinic ACh, inhibitory
E.
None of the above
Sympathetic stimulation to lung tissue
A. Causes activation of beta2 receptors which contract smooth muscles of airways.
B. Causes activation of beta1 receptors which relax smooth muscles of airways
C. Causes activation of beta2 receptors which relax smooth muscles of airways.
D. Causes activation of beta1 receptors which contract smooth muscles of airways
Chapter 11 Solutions
Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
Ch. 11.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 11.1 - The central nervous system consists of the...Ch. 11.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 11.1 - A nerve that carries both sensory and motor...Ch. 11.1 - Prob. 5CCCh. 11.1 - In what organelle is most intracellular Ca2+...Ch. 11.1 - Prob. 7CCCh. 11.1 - Prob. 8CCCh. 11.1 - Prob. 9CCCh. 11.2 - Prob. 10CC
Ch. 11.2 - Compare gating and ion selectivity of...Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 12CCCh. 11 - Prob. 1RQCh. 11 - Prob. 2RQCh. 11 - Prob. 3RQCh. 11 - Prob. 4RQCh. 11 - Neurons that secrete acetylcholine are described...Ch. 11 - List four things that can happen to autonomic...Ch. 11 - Prob. 7RQCh. 11 - Prob. 8RQCh. 11 - Somatic motor pathways a. are excitatory or...Ch. 11 - Prob. 10RQCh. 11 - Prob. 11RQCh. 11 - Compare and contrast: a. neuroeffector junctions...Ch. 11 - Prob. 13RQCh. 11 - Create a concept map comparing the somatic motor...Ch. 11 - If a target cells receptor is _______ (use items...Ch. 11 - Ganglia contain the cell bodies of (choose all...Ch. 11 - Prob. 17RQCh. 11 - You have discovered a neuron that innervates an...Ch. 11 - Prob. 19RQCh. 11 - Prob. 20RQ
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- What are nicotinic receptors?arrow_forwardWhat would be the advantage to a wolf in having its sympathetic nervous system stimulate the piloerector muscles? What happens in a human when the sympathetic system stimulates these muscles?arrow_forwardPhenytoin (sodium channel blocker) and ethosuximide (calcium channel blocker) are anti-seizure drugs that stop seizures from happening. These drugs work by inhibiting electrical impulses (action potentials) from occurring. Explain the reasons why action potentials do not occur when these channels are inhibited.arrow_forward
- Your roommate has a severe peanut allergy. When exposed to peanuts, their lungs close up. How does an epi-pen prevent this from happening? A. Epinephrine will antagonize the muscarinic receptors in the lungs, preventing bronchoconstriction B. Epinephrine will antagonize the adrenergic receptors in the lungs, stimulating bronchodilaton. C. Epinephrine will agonize the adrenergic receptors in the lungs, causing bronchodilation. D. Epinephrine will agonize the muscarinic receptors in the lungs preventing bronchoconstriction.arrow_forwardWhat is the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor? Where is it expressed?arrow_forwardA fight-or-flight response in the body is controlled by thea. sympathetic division of the nervous system.b. parasympathetic division of the nervous system.c. release of acetylcholine from postganglionic neurons.d. somatic nervous system.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements best explains the effect of release of neurotransmitter at a parasympathetic ganglion. Release of noradrenaline at a parasympathetic ganglion causes nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activation in the post-ganglionic neuron. Release of acetylcholine at a parasympathetic ganglion causes nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activation in the post-ganglionic neuron. Release of acetylcholine at a parasympathetic ganglion causes muscarinic acetylcholine receptor activation in the post-ganglionic neuron. Release of neurotransmitter at a parasympathetic ganglion leads to decreased generation and release of the NANC transmitter, nitric oxide.arrow_forwardWhat neurotransmitters are mimic when cocaine or other stimulants are consumed in your body?arrow_forwardIn atropine poisoning, would you expect the pupils to be dilated or constricted? The skin to be moist or dry? The heart rate to be elevated or depressed? The bladder to retain urine or void uncontrollably?arrow_forward
- When nicotine reaches brain, what will it stimutes there?arrow_forwardWhich statement is TRUE about the blood-brain barrier (BBB)? It protects the brain. It protects the blood. It is formed by loose gap junctions between endothelial cell walls of capillaries that serve the brain. A & B A & C B & C Morphine and naloxone exert their effects in the nervous system by binding (directly) to _____ receptors. opioid dopamine acetylcholine serotonin GABAarrow_forwardAtropine works by blocking acetylcholine receptors. If you add acetylcholine to the heart, followed by atropine, what would you expect to happen? Explain.arrow_forward
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