EBK STATISTICS
EBK STATISTICS
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780134436814
Author: KLINGENBERG
Publisher: PEARSON CUSTOM PUB.(CONSIGNMENT)
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Chapter 1.1, Problem 1PB

Aspirin and heart attacks The Harvard Medical School study mentioned in Scenario 2 included about 22,000 male physicians. Whether a given individual would be assigned to take aspirin or the placebo was determined by flipping a coin. As a result, about 11,000 physicians were assigned to take aspirin and about 11,000 to take the placebo. The researchers summarized the results of the experiment by using percentages. Of the physicians taking aspirin, 0.9% had a heart attack, compared to 1.7% of those taking the placebo. Based on the observed results, the study authors concluded that taking aspirin reduces the risk of having a heart attack. Specify the aspect of this study that pertains to (a) design, (b) description, and (c) inference.

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Sample surveys on sensitive issues can give different results depending on how the question is asked. A University of Wisconsin study randomly divided 2400 respondents into three groups. All participants were asked if they had ever used cocaine. One group of 800 was interviewed by phone; 21% said they had used cocaine. Another 800 people were asked the question in a one-on-one personal interview; 25% said “Yes.” The remaining 800 were allowed to make an anonymous written response; 28% said “Yes.”101. Was this an experiment or an observational study? Justify your answer.2. Make a two-way table of responses about cocaine use by how the survey was administered.3. Are the differences between the three groups statistically significant? Give appropriate evidence to support your answer
Four scenarios of statistical studies are given below. Decide which study uses a sample statistic. A) An estimated 15% of Americans don't use the internet. B) Parkland Hospital performs 15,000 births a year. Of 1000 subjects in a study on multiple births, 38 gave birth to twins. ). A poll of the entire student body found that 32% of students at Wilson Abner College voted in the last presidential election. D) In 2001, 78% of children diagnosed with cancer were in remission after five years, and this number is improving.
A psychologist studied the alcohol consumption patterns of people in two age groups. One group consisted of people aged  21  to  35 , and the other consisted of people aged  36  to  50 . The psychologist interviewed random and independent samples from each group. She assigned a score from  0  to  100  to each individual (a score of  0  meant no alcohol consumption) according to factors such as the frequency and the amount of alcohol consumed. The results from the study are summarized below: Age  21  to  35 Age  36  to  50 =n128 =n223 =x147.3 =x254.9 =s21153.76 =s22100 (The first row gives the sample sizes, the second row gives the sample means, and the third row gives the sample variances.) Assume that the scores of all people aged  21  to  35  are approximately normally distributed. Assume the same for the scores of all people aged  36  to  50 . Can we conclude, at the  0.1  significance level, that the variance…

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EBK STATISTICS

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