Concept explainers
To determine:
The difference between the terms bactericidal and bacteriostatic in relation to microbial control agents.
Concept introduction:
The adverse effect of antimicrobial agents on microbial cells that lead to their death is known as the mode of action. Agents affect cell targets that inflict damage leading to death of the microbial cell or slow down the
To determine:
An experimental method to test whether a control agent exhibits bactericidal or bacteriostatic effects.
Concept introduction:
To devise an effective treatment for the infectious disease, the determination of antimicrobial agent which is most effective against a specific pathogen is necessary. The mode of action of various types of antimicrobials determines their effect on microbial growth.
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Chapter 11 Solutions
MICROBIOLOGY W/ACCESS
- If a bacterial isolate shows intermediate to moderate resistance to an antimicrobial, how might this drug still be successfully used in the treatment of this microbe?arrow_forwardSome bacteria produce the enzyme penicillinase, which breaks the beta-lactam ring in the penicillin molecule and converts it into penicilloic acid, which is harmless to bacteria. This is an example of which of the following mechanisms of antibiotic resistance? which option below is the answer? Destruction or inactivation of the antibiotic by the microbe Preventing penetration to the target site within the microbe Alteration of the drug’s target site(s) within the microbe None of the other four answers are correct Rapid ejection (pumping) of the drug out of the microbial cellarrow_forwardImagine you work for an industrial chemical company and you have been asked to design a novel cleaning agent against a group of microorganisms. Select a specific organism representative of the group you chose, gather information about it, and identify the potential "target" within the organism suitable for your cleanser to attack, discussing how your chemical will control the growth of the organism. Consider things such as concentration, amount of time needed for exposure, or anything else that would influence efficacy.arrow_forward
- Draw a diagram to illustrate the procedure for the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antimicrobial agents.arrow_forwardIdentify two factors( in detail)that make biofilms more tolerant to antimicrobials including their mode of action.arrow_forwardThe type of antimicrobial drug that would be most likely to have toxic effects in humans based on the premise of selective toxicity when treating microbial infection would be a drug that O 1) inhibits the synthesis of the cell wall O 2) inhibits metabolic pathways O 3) disrupts the cytoplasmic membrane 4) inhibits protein synthesis 5) All of the above have equal potential to be toxicarrow_forward
- Z-germicSide is an antimicrobial agent. Based on the given data set below, describe how effective Z-germicSide is as a disinfectant. Name of disinfectant Z-germicSide Phenol KEY: No growth, += Growth Dilution 1:100 1:125 1:150 1:175 1:200 1:95 1:100 1:105 1:110 1:115 Growth after 5 mins + + + + + + Growth after 10 minutes + + Growth after 15 mins + +arrow_forwardMedia, such as Mueller-Hinton agar, that neither restricts the growth of certain microbes nor distinguishes between the types microbes that do grow is: Incorrect Answer: B. Differential only Correct Answer: O C. General purpose Rationale:arrow_forwardExplain why sulfa drugs prevent bacterial growth without harming the human host.arrow_forward
- Design a concept map on microbial growth that would contain the key features of the following concepts (Requirements of microbial growth, Bacterial Growth, Control of Bacterial Growth and Antimicrobial methods).arrow_forwardhttps://courses.lumenlearning.com/microbiology/chapter/controlling-microbial-growth/ Read this Article about Controlling Microbial Growth and answer the following questions: Which is most effective at removing microbes from a product: sanitization, degerming, or sterilization? Explain. What are two possible reasons for choosing a bacteriostatic treatment over a bactericidal one? Name at least two factors that can compromise the effectiveness of a disinfecting agent.arrow_forwardBroad-spectrum drugs target a wide variety of bacterial pathogens. Even when the broad-spectrum drug is capable of killing a target pathogen, it may not be the best treatment. Which statement best explains why a broad spectrum drug might be an undesirable treatment choice? Broad-spectrum antimicrobials are usually toxic to the host cells. Broad-spectrum antimicrobials only work if they are used shortly after the infection begins. Broad-spectrum antimicrobials may kill much of the normal microbiota. Broad-spectrum antimicrobials are not able to kill bacteria that are in their log phase of growth. Broad-spectrum antimicrobials may stimulate excess growth of the normal microbiota.arrow_forward
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