Concept explainers
a.
To determine: The values of
Introduction: From the past experiences, a big oil company can evaluate its present and the future costs. According to its study, each doubling of the size of a refinery at a single location results in the construction coststo about 68%.
b.
To determine: The best time to make additions in plant and the optimal size of each addition.
Introduction: Based on previous experiences, the oil company can easily predict the vivid picture of its present and future. Likewise, it can determine the optimal timing of plant additions and the optimal size of each addition too.
c.
To determine: The best timing to make additions in plant and the optimal size of each addition if the largest single refinery can be built with current technology is 15,000 barrels daily.
Introduction: When the major oil company installs the largest single refinery then its optimal size will not necessarily be huge while talking about the annual count. Similarly, the optimal timing of adding the plant will not necessarily be more always.
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Production and Operations Analysis, Seventh Edition
- Assume the demand for a companys drug Wozac during the current year is 50,000, and assume demand will grow at 5% a year. If the company builds a plant that can produce x units of Wozac per year, it will cost 16x. Each unit of Wozac is sold for 3. Each unit of Wozac produced incurs a variable production cost of 0.20. It costs 0.40 per year to operate a unit of capacity. Determine how large a Wozac plant the company should build to maximize its expected profit over the next 10 years.arrow_forwardPatz Company produces two types of machine parts: Part A and Part B, with unit contribution margins of $400 and $800, respectively. Assume initially that Patz can sell all that is produced of either component. Part A requires two hours of assembly, and B requires five hours of assembly. The firm has 400 assembly hours per week. What if market conditions are such that Patz can sell at most 100 units of Part A and 80 units of Part B? Express the objective function with its associated constraints for this case. Objective function: Max Z = $400 A + $800 B Assembly-hour constraint fill in the blank 7 A + fill in the blank 8 B ≤ fill in the blank 9 Demand constraint for Part A A ≤ fill in the blank 10 Demand constraint for Part B B ≤ fill in the blank 11 Identify the optimal mix and its associated total contribution margin.Component A $fill in the blank 12 units Component B $fill in the blank 13 units Total contribution $fill in the blank 14arrow_forwardA company manufactures iron cutting machines. Investment amount made with respect to the machine It is 800 thousand TL. Energy costs will increase by 50 thousand and 6% each year. Personnel expenses 35 thousand and it increases by 15 thousand every year, on the other hand, financing expenses are 100 thousand TL and 20% each year will increase by the rate. Since it is planned to manufacture 250 machines per year, 12 years of life and For this manufacturing with 30% capital cost, the company will calculate how many TL in total for the machines manufactured each year. one has to charge an expense and what will be the expense per unit. Note: Solve according to the annual equivalent cost method.arrow_forward
- You are thinking of opening a small copy shop. It costs $5000 to rent a copier for a year, and it costs $0.03 per copy to operate the copier. Other fixed costs of running the store will amount to $400 per month. You plan to charge an average of $0.10 per copy, and the store will be open 365 days per year. Each copier can make up to 100,000 copies per year. a. For one to five copiers rented and daily demands of 500, 1000, 1500, and 2000 copies per day, find annual profit. That is, find annual profit for each of these combinations of copiers rented and daily demand. b. If you rent three copiers, what daily demand for copies will allow you to break even? c. Graph profit as a function of the number of copiers for a daily demand of 500 copies; for a daily demand of 2000 copies. Interpret your graphs.arrow_forwardAssume the demand for a company’s drug Wozac during the current year is 50,000, and assume demand will grow at 5% a year. If the company builds a plant that can produce x units of Wozac per year,it will cost $16x. Each unit of Wozac is soldfor $3. Each unit of Wozac produced -incurs a variable production cost of $0.20. It costs $0.40 per year to operate a unit of capacity.Determine how large a Wozac plant the company should build to maximize its-expected profit over the next 10 years.arrow_forwardyou are thinking of opening a small copy shop. It costs $5000 to rent a copier for a year, and it cost $0.03 per copy to operate the copier. Other fixed costs of running the store withh amount to $400 per month. You plan to charge $0.10 per copy, and the store will be open 365 days per year. Each copier can make up to 100,000 copies per year. a. for one to five copiers rented and daily demands of 500, 1000, 1500, 2000 copies perday, find annual profit. That is, find annual profit for each of these combinations of copiers rented and daily demand. b. if you rent three copies, what daily demand for copies will allow you to break even? c. Graph profit as a function of the number of copiers for a daily demand of 500 copiers; for a daily demand of 2000 copies. Interpret your grapharrow_forward
- A company manufactures both mountain bikes and trail bikes. The cost of materials for a mountain bike is $60, and the cost of materials for a trail bike is $40. The cost of labor to manufacture a mountain bike is $80, and the cost of labor to manufacture a trail bike is $60. During a week in which the company has budgeted $1,800 for materials and $2,500 for labor, how many mountain bikes does the company plan to manufacture? mountain bikesarrow_forwardAn electronics firm is currently manufacturing an item that has a variable cost of $0.50 per unit and a selling price of $1.10 per unit. Fixed costs are $15,000. Current volume is 30,000 units. The firm can substantially improve the product quality by adding a new piece of equipment at an additional fixed cost of $5,600. Variable cost would increase to $0.65 and the selling price would be revised to $1.30 with the expectation that the volume would be 50,000 units as a result of a higher-quality product. If the firm does not add new equipment, its profit will be =_____ dollars (round your response to the nearest whole number and include a minus sign if the profit is negative).arrow_forwardA poultry farmer in Lufyanyama has obtained a loan from the Bank to boost his poultry business. He provides you with data to help him optimize the sales. The data is that Old hens can be bought for K20 each but young one cost K50 each. The old hens lay 30 eggs per week, and young ones 50 eggs per week, each egg being worth 30ngwee. A hen cost K10 per week to feed. If a person has only K800 to spend on hens, how many of each kind should he buy to get a profit of more than K600 per week assuming that he cannot house more than 200 hens? a) Formulate the problem as a linear programming model b) Using the Big M – method, how many hens should he buy of each kind to maximize the profit per week? c) Identify the binding and non-binding constraints and justify your choicearrow_forward
- Suppose years of schooling, s, is the only variable that affects earnings. The equations for the weekly salaries of male and female workers are given bywm = 500 + 100sandwf = 300 + 75sOn average, men have 14 years of schooling and women have 12 years of schooling.a. What is the male-female wage differential in the labor market?b. Using the Oaxaca decomposition, calculate how much of this wage differential is due to discrimination?c. Can you think of an alternative Oaxaca decomposition that would lead to a different measure of discrimination? Which measure is better?arrow_forwardHi can I get help on this please? I am stuck!! Question: lumber and plywood. In a given week, the mill can turn out 400 units of production, of which at least 100 units of lumber and at least 150 units of plywood are required by regular customers. The profit is $25 per unit of lumber and $38 per unit of plywood. Assume that all units produced are sold. How many units of each should the mill produce in order to maximize the profit? What is the maximum profit?arrow_forwardA bank is trying to determine which of two machinesshould be rented to process checks. Machine 1 rents for$10,000 per year and processes 1,000 checks per hour.Machine 2 rents for $15,000 per year and processes 1,600checks per hour. Assume that the machines work 8 hours aday, 5 days a week, 50 weeks a year. The bank must processan average of 800 checks per hour, and the average checkprocessed is for $100. Assume an annual interest rate of20%. Then determine the cost to the bank (in lost interest)for each hour that a check spends waiting for and undergoingprocessing. Assuming that interarrival times and servicetimes are exponential, which machine should the bank rent?arrow_forward
- Practical Management ScienceOperations ManagementISBN:9781337406659Author:WINSTON, Wayne L.Publisher:Cengage,