(a) Interpretation: The electron configuration for the given atom is to be labeled as a ground state or an excited state. Concept introduction: According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as, 1 s < 2 s < 2 p < 3 s < 3 p < 4 s < 3 d < 4 p < 5 s < 4 d < 5 p < 6 s < 4 f < 5 d < 6 p < 7 s < 5 f < 6 d < 7 p

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 12, Problem 12.31E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The electron configuration for the given atom is to be labeled as a ground state or an excited state.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The electron configuration for the given atom is to be labeled as a ground state or an excited state.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The electron configuration for the given atom is to be labeled as a ground state or an excited state.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The electron configuration for the given atom is to be labeled as a ground state or an excited state.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The electron configuration for the given atom is to be labeled as a ground state or an excited state.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 12, Problem 12.31E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The electron configuration for the given atom is to be labeled as a ground state or an excited state.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The electron configuration for the given atom is to be labeled as a ground state or an excited state.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The electron configuration for the given atom is to be labeled as a ground state or an excited state.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The electron configuration for the given atom is to be labeled as a ground state or an excited state.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The electron configuration for the given atom is to be labeled as a ground state or an excited state.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 12, Problem 12.31E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The electron configuration for the given atom is to be labeled as a ground state or an excited state.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The electron configuration for the given atom is to be labeled as a ground state or an excited state.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The electron configuration for the given atom is to be labeled as a ground state or an excited state.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The electron configuration for the given atom is to be labeled as a ground state or an excited state.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The electron configuration for the given atom is to be labeled as a ground state or an excited state.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 12, Problem 12.31E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The electron configuration for the given atom is to be labeled as a ground state or an excited state.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The electron configuration for the given atom is to be labeled as a ground state or an excited state.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The electron configuration for the given atom is to be labeled as a ground state or an excited state.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The electron configuration for the given atom is to be labeled as a ground state or an excited state.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The electron configuration for the given atom is to be labeled as a ground state or an excited state.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

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Answer 5

Chapter 12, Problem 12.31E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The electron configuration for the given atom is to be labeled as a ground state or an excited state.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The electron configuration for the given atom is to be labeled as a ground state or an excited state.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The electron configuration for the given atom is to be labeled as a ground state or an excited state.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The electron configuration for the given atom is to be labeled as a ground state or an excited state.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The electron configuration for the given atom is to be labeled as a ground state or an excited state.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Answer 6

Chapter 12, Problem 12.31E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The electron configuration for the given atom is to be labeled as a ground state or an excited state.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Answer 7

Chapter 12, Problem 12.31E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The electron configuration for the given atom is to be labeled as a ground state or an excited state.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The electron configuration for the given atom is to be labeled as a ground state or an excited state.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The electron configuration for the given atom is to be labeled as a ground state or an excited state.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The electron configuration for the given atom is to be labeled as a ground state or an excited state.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The electron configuration for the given atom is to be labeled as a ground state or an excited state.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Answer 12

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The electron configuration for the given atom is to be labeled as a ground state or an excited state.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Answer 13

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The electron configuration for the given atom is to be labeled as a ground state or an excited state.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Answer 14

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The electron configuration for the given atom is to be labeled as a ground state or an excited state.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Answer 15

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The electron configuration for the given atom is to be labeled as a ground state or an excited state.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Answer 16

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Answer 17

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Answer 18

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Answer 19

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Solution Summary: The author explains that the electron configuration for Li is labeled as a ground state or an excited state.

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