(a) Interpretation: The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of Li can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated. Concept introduction: According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as, 1 s < 2 s < 2 p < 3 s < 3 p < 4 s < 3 d < 4 p < 5 s < 4 d < 5 p < 6 s < 4 f < 5 d < 6 p < 7 s < 5 f < 6 d < 7 p Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 12, Problem 12.32E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of Li can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of C can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of K can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of Be can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of U can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

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5. What atomic terms due to spin-orbit interactions are possible for following configurations? For each configuration, which term would have the lowest energy, according to Hund’s Rule? (1) ns^1np^1 and (2) ns^2np^1 ?

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 12, Problem 12.32E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of Li can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of C can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of K can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of Be can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of U can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 12, Problem 12.32E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of Li can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of C can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of K can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of Be can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of U can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 12, Problem 12.32E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of Li can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of C can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of K can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of Be can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of U can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

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Answer 5

Chapter 12, Problem 12.32E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of Li can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of C can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of K can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of Be can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of U can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Answer 6

Chapter 12, Problem 12.32E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of Li can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Answer 7

Chapter 12, Problem 12.32E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of Li can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of C can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of C can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of K can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of K can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Answer 12

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of Be can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Answer 13

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of Be can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Answer 14

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of U can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Answer 15

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The possible ways by which the electrons in the outermost shell of U can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund’s rule are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to the Aufbau principle, the electrons are firstly filled into the orbitals having lower energy. The electrons are filled in the orbitals as,

1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d<5p<6s<4f<5d<6p<7s<5f<6d<7p

Hund’s rule states that all the degenerate orbitals are firstly filled with one electron each and then paired. This rule favors unpaired electrons in the orbital.

Answer 16

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Answer 17

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 18

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Answer 19

Ch. 12 - In the Stern-Gerlach experiment, silver atoms were...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.2E Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.3E Ch. 12 - Suppose s=12 for an electron. Into how many parts...Ch. 12 - Using and labels, write two possible...Ch. 12 - List all possible combinations of all four quantum...Ch. 12 - What are the degeneracies of the H atom...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.8E Ch. 12 - a Differentiate between the quantum numbers s and...Ch. 12 - Is the spin orbital 1s for the H atom still...

Solution Summary: The author explains how electrons in the outermost shell of Li can occupy spin orbitals and satisfy Hund's rule.

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