Microeconomics (7th Edition)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780134737508
Author: R. Glenn Hubbard, Anthony Patrick O'Brien
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 12, Problem 12.3CTE
To determine
Why monopolistic firm wishes to impose licensing.
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We’ve observed that there are few examples of perfectly competitive markets in the real world, yet we use the model of perfect competition as a comparison with other market structures. Can you think of any examples of monopoly in the real world?Describe something you believe could possibly called a monopoly and explain why it fits the characteristics of a monopoly.
Is your example a true, unregulated monopoly? (For example, Microsoft has been called a monopoly, but it is not the sole producer of computer operating systems, so strictly speaking it’s not a monopoly.)
If there are few true monopolies, what can we learn from studying that market structure?
The number of firms in an industry is not always a good indicator of the extent to which that industry is competitive.” Do you agree with this statement?
Small “Mom and Pop" firms sometimes exist even though they do not earn economic profits. How can you explain this? Think about what all is covered in economic profit?
Chapter 12 Solutions
Microeconomics (7th Edition)
Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.1.1RQCh. 12 - Prob. 12.1.2RQCh. 12 - Prob. 12.1.3RQCh. 12 - Prob. 12.1.4PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.1.5PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.1.6PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.1.7PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.1.8PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.1.9PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.2.1RQ
Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.2.2RQCh. 12 - Prob. 12.2.3RQCh. 12 - Prob. 12.2.4PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.2.5PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.2.6PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.2.7PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.2.8PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.3.1RQCh. 12 - Prob. 12.3.2RQCh. 12 - Prob. 12.3.3PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.3.4PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.3.5PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.3.6PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.3.7PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.3.8PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.4.1RQCh. 12 - Prob. 12.4.2RQCh. 12 - Prob. 12.4.3RQCh. 12 - Prob. 12.4.4PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.4.5PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.4.6PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.4.7PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.4.8PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.4.9PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.4.10PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.5.1RQCh. 12 - Prob. 12.5.2RQCh. 12 - Prob. 12.5.3RQCh. 12 - Prob. 12.5.4PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.5.5PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.5.6PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.5.8PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.5.9PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.5.10PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.5.11PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.5.12PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.6.1RQCh. 12 - Prob. 12.6.2RQCh. 12 - Prob. 12.6.3RQCh. 12 - Prob. 12.6.4PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.6.5PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.6.6PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.6.7PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.6.8PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.6.9PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.6.10PACh. 12 - Prob. 12.1CTECh. 12 - Prob. 12.2CTECh. 12 - Prob. 12.3CTE
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- We expect that firms in perfectly competitive markets can earn higher economic profits in the short run but will only earn normal profit in the long run. Why do we expect perfectly competitive firms to be unable to earn high economic profit in the long run? The inability of perfectly competitive firms to earn high economic profit in the long run is dependent on there being low barriers to entry in perfectly competitive markets. Explain why this is the case. Why do firms remain in business if they cannot earn economic profit?arrow_forwardIn recent years in the brewing industry, a couple of large firms that have historically had most of the beer sales (Anheuser-Busch and Miller) have faced competition from many small “micro” brands. In terms of the continuum of competition, how would you explain this change?arrow_forwardSmall “Mom and Pop firms,” like inner city grocery stores, sometimes exist even though they do not earn economic profits. How can you explain this?arrow_forward
- Explain briefly what you mean by the following terms: a. Variable cost b. Market Powerarrow_forwardThe auto industry in the U.S. has long been dominated by the Big Three carmakers: Ford, General Motors, and Chrysler. The auto industry in China, on the other hand, has more than 170 carmakers. Automakers in the U.S. have some monopoly power while the car market in China has the characteristics of a perfectly competitive market. Based on these differences in market characteristics, explain how car makers in the U.S. will “behave” compared to carmakers in China. In particular, address the following considerations: How will the price of cars in the U.S. compare to the price of cars in China, everything else being equal?arrow_forwardThe auto industry in the U.S. has long been dominated by the Big Three carmakers: Ford, General Motors, and Chrysler. The auto industry in China, on the other hand, has more than 170 carmakers. Automakers in the U.S. have some monopoly power while the car market in China has the characteristics of a perfectly competitive market. Based on these differences in market characteristics, explain how car makers in the U.S. will “behave” compared to carmakers in China. In particular, address the following considerations: How will carmakers in the U.S. respond to consumers’ desires compared to Chinese carmakers’ response to consumers’ desires, everything else being equal?arrow_forward
- The auto industry in the U.S. has long been dominated by the Big Three carmakers: Ford, General Motors, and Chrysler. The auto industry in China, on the other hand, has more than 170 carmakers. Automakers in the U.S. have some monopoly power while the car market in China has the characteristics of a perfectly competitive market. Based on these differences in market characteristics, explain how car makers in the U.S. will “behave” compared to carmakers in China. In particular, address the following considerations: How will the profits of carmakers in the U.S. compare to the profits of carmakers in China, everything else being equal?arrow_forwardThe figure below represents the short-run curves for TK Ltd, a popular Chinese cuisine restaurant. Answer the questions below. What market structure do you think TK Ltd is in? Explain using the characteristics of the market structure. What price does TK Ltd charge and what quantity does the firm produce to maximize profit or loss? Calculate this firm’s profit or loss. If this is a typical firm in the market, what do you think will happen to market supply and profit for this industry in the long run? Briefly explainarrow_forwardWilliam Shepherd’s research of U.S. industries showed a clear trend in the competitiveness of the U.S. economy between 1958 and 2000. Is the economy growing more or less competitive, and how did Shepherd explain this trend?arrow_forward
- Perfect competition is an extremely rare type of market in the real world. This is because the conditions necessary for perfect competition are difficult to meet. Write about an example of perfect competition (or at least a market that is very close to perfect competition). Find an example of a market that seems to be perfectly competitive. Explain how your example satisfies the four conditions necessary for perfect competition. Do sellers in the market you’ve described brand themselves to consumers? Does this support the idea that this market is perfectly competitive? Explain. Do different sellers in the market you’ve described charge different prices for their product? Does your answer support the idea that this market is perfectly competitive? Explain. Does it seem as if the example you mentioned is allocatively efficient? In other words, does the market produce enough of this good (or does it produce too much or too little)? Explain.arrow_forwardIt is often said that a competitive market is more beneficial for the consumers as compared to the monopoly market. Why ? Explain.arrow_forwardDo you think firms really try to maximize profits? Do firms (especially small ones) know what prices they have to charge to maximize profits?arrow_forward
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