Introduction To Chemistry
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781259911149
Author: BAUER, Richard C., Birk, James P., Marks, Pamela
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education,
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 12, Problem 38QP
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
If there is no more production of chlorine-atom from CFCs, the problem of ozone depletion can be declined or not is to be determined.
Concept Introduction:
Catalysts are the molecules that are used in the reactions to increase its rate without being actually consumed in the reaction.
Catalyst converter is used to reduce the emission from an internal combustion engine. Its main purpose is to catalyze a
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
arrange the following reaction accordingly
1 UV rays release the chlorine from CFC
1. Chloroflourocarbon is released from the earth's surface
2. chlorine destroy the ozone layer
3. CFC's rise into the ozone layer
4. formation of ozone hole allowing more UV to pass
through
Which of the following is not true?
1. When conditions are NOX-limited, the excess of VOCs in the atmosphere quickly oxidize available NO to NO2.
2. Reducing the concentration of NOX may lead to an increase in ozone formation when conditions are VOC- limited.
3. Smog episodes are not initiated during nighttime hours, because the hydroxyl radicals necessary to initiate the reactions are formed due to photodecomposition reactions.
4. Photochemical smog never occurs in areas without significant vehicle traffic and power plant emissions.
4. Metropolitan areas surrounded by wooded areas need to focus their smog reduction on limiting NOX concentrations due to the VOCs produced by surrounding trees.
Ammonium perchlorate (NH4CIO4) is a solid rocket fuel used in space shuttles. When heated above
200°C, it decomposes to a variety of gaseous products, of which the most important are N2, Cl2, O2, and
water vapor.
a. Write a balanced chemical equation for the decomposition of NH4ClO4, assuming the products
just listed are the only ones generated.
b. The sudden appearance of hot gaseous products in a small initial volume leads to rapid increase in
pressure and temperature, which give the rocket it thrust. What total pressure of gas would be
REVIEW PROBLEMS FROM CHEM131
produced at 800°C by igniting 7.00 x 105 kg of ammonium perchlorate, and allowing it to expand
to fill a volume of 6400 m³? Use the ideal gas law.
Chapter 12 Solutions
Introduction To Chemistry
Ch. 12 - Prob. 1QCCh. 12 - Prob. 2QCCh. 12 - Prob. 3QCCh. 12 - Prob. 4QCCh. 12 - Prob. 5QCCh. 12 - Prob. 6QCCh. 12 - Prob. 1PPCh. 12 - Prob. 2PPCh. 12 - Prob. 3PPCh. 12 - Prob. 4PP
Ch. 12 - Prob. 5PPCh. 12 - Prob. 6PPCh. 12 - Prob. 7PPCh. 12 - Prob. 8PPCh. 12 - Prob. 9PPCh. 12 - Prob. 10PPCh. 12 - Consider the following equilibrium:...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12PPCh. 12 - Prob. 1QPCh. 12 - Match the key terms with the descriptions...Ch. 12 - Prob. 3QPCh. 12 - Prob. 4QPCh. 12 - Prob. 5QPCh. 12 - Prob. 6QPCh. 12 - Prob. 7QPCh. 12 - Prob. 8QPCh. 12 - Prob. 9QPCh. 12 - Prob. 10QPCh. 12 - Prob. 11QPCh. 12 - Prob. 12QPCh. 12 - Prob. 13QPCh. 12 - Prob. 14QPCh. 12 - Prob. 15QPCh. 12 - Prob. 16QPCh. 12 - Prob. 17QPCh. 12 - Prob. 18QPCh. 12 - Prob. 19QPCh. 12 - Prob. 20QPCh. 12 - Prob. 21QPCh. 12 - Prob. 22QPCh. 12 - Prob. 23QPCh. 12 - Prob. 24QPCh. 12 - Prob. 25QPCh. 12 - Prob. 26QPCh. 12 - Prob. 27QPCh. 12 - Prob. 28QPCh. 12 - Prob. 29QPCh. 12 - Prob. 30QPCh. 12 - Prob. 31QPCh. 12 - Prob. 32QPCh. 12 - Prob. 33QPCh. 12 - Prob. 34QPCh. 12 - Prob. 35QPCh. 12 - Prob. 36QPCh. 12 - Prob. 37QPCh. 12 - Prob. 38QPCh. 12 - Prob. 39QPCh. 12 - Prob. 40QPCh. 12 - Prob. 41QPCh. 12 - Prob. 42QPCh. 12 - Prob. 43QPCh. 12 - Prob. 44QPCh. 12 - Prob. 45QPCh. 12 - Prob. 46QPCh. 12 - Prob. 47QPCh. 12 - Prob. 48QPCh. 12 - Prob. 49QPCh. 12 - Prob. 50QPCh. 12 - Prob. 51QPCh. 12 - Prob. 52QPCh. 12 - Prob. 53QPCh. 12 - Prob. 54QPCh. 12 - Prob. 55QPCh. 12 - Prob. 56QPCh. 12 - Prob. 57QPCh. 12 - Prob. 58QPCh. 12 - Prob. 59QPCh. 12 - Prob. 60QPCh. 12 - Prob. 61QPCh. 12 - Prob. 62QPCh. 12 - Prob. 63QPCh. 12 - Prob. 64QPCh. 12 - Prob. 65QPCh. 12 - Prob. 66QPCh. 12 - Prob. 67QPCh. 12 - Prob. 68QPCh. 12 - Prob. 69QPCh. 12 - Prob. 70QPCh. 12 - Prob. 71QPCh. 12 - Prob. 72QPCh. 12 - Prob. 73QPCh. 12 - Prob. 74QPCh. 12 - Prob. 75QPCh. 12 - Prob. 76QPCh. 12 - Prob. 77QPCh. 12 - Prob. 78QPCh. 12 - Prob. 79QPCh. 12 - Prob. 80QPCh. 12 - Prob. 81QPCh. 12 - Prob. 82QPCh. 12 - Prob. 83QPCh. 12 - Prob. 84QPCh. 12 - Prob. 85QPCh. 12 - Prob. 86QPCh. 12 - Prob. 87QPCh. 12 - Prob. 88QPCh. 12 - Prob. 89QPCh. 12 - Prob. 90QPCh. 12 - Prob. 91QPCh. 12 - Prob. 92QPCh. 12 - Prob. 93QPCh. 12 - Prob. 94QPCh. 12 - Prob. 95QPCh. 12 - Prob. 96QPCh. 12 - Prob. 97QPCh. 12 - Prob. 98QPCh. 12 - Prob. 99QPCh. 12 - Prob. 100QPCh. 12 - Prob. 101QPCh. 12 - Prob. 102QPCh. 12 - Prob. 103QPCh. 12 - Prob. 104QPCh. 12 - Prob. 105QPCh. 12 - Prob. 106QPCh. 12 - Prob. 107QPCh. 12 - Prob. 108QPCh. 12 - Prob. 109QPCh. 12 - Prob. 110QPCh. 12 - Prob. 111QPCh. 12 - Prob. 112QPCh. 12 - Prob. 113QPCh. 12 - Prob. 114QPCh. 12 - Prob. 115QPCh. 12 - Prob. 116QPCh. 12 - Prob. 117QPCh. 12 - Prob. 118QPCh. 12 - Prob. 119QPCh. 12 - Prob. 120QPCh. 12 - Prob. 121QPCh. 12 - Prob. 122QPCh. 12 - Prob. 123QPCh. 12 - Prob. 124QPCh. 12 - Prob. 125QPCh. 12 - Prob. 126QPCh. 12 - Prob. 127QPCh. 12 - Prob. 128QPCh. 12 - Prob. 129QPCh. 12 - Prob. 130QPCh. 12 - Prob. 131QPCh. 12 - Prob. 132QPCh. 12 - Prob. 133QPCh. 12 - Prob. 134QPCh. 12 - Prob. 135QPCh. 12 - Prob. 136QPCh. 12 - Prob. 137QPCh. 12 - Prob. 138QPCh. 12 - Prob. 139QPCh. 12 - Prob. 140QPCh. 12 - Prob. 141QPCh. 12 - Prob. 142QPCh. 12 - Prob. 143QP
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- 11.74 The AQI includes six levels, including several that describe air that is not healthy to breathe. YYTiat are the possible advantages and disadvantages of proposing to collapse the AQI to only four levels?arrow_forwardSilicon forms a series of compounds analogous to the al-kanes and having the general formula SinH2n+2. The first of these compounds is silane, SiH4, which is used in the electronics industry to produce thin ultrapure silicon films. SiH4(g) is somewhat difficult to work with because it is py-ropboric at room temperature—meaning that it bursts into flame spontaneously when exposed to air. (a) Write an equation for the combustion of SiH4(g). (The reaction is analogous to hydrocarbon combustion, and SiO2 is a solid under standard conditions. Assume the water produced will be a gas.) (b) Use the data from Appendix E to calculate ? for this reaction. (c) Calculate G and show that the reaction is spontaneous at 25°C. (d) Compare G for this reaction to the combustion of methane. (See the previous problem.) Are the reactions in these two exercises enthalpy or entropy driven? Explain.arrow_forwardThe following equation represents a reversible decomposition: CaCO3(s)CaO(s)+CO2(g) Under what conditions will decomposition in a closed container proceed to completion so that no CaCO3 remains?arrow_forward
- Question 20 of 24 > The 1995 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was shared by Paul Crutzen, F. Sherwood Rowland, and Mario Molina for their work concerning the formation and decomposition of ozone in the stratosphere. Rowland and Molina hypothesized that chlorofluorocarbons (CFCS) in the stratosphere break down upon exposure to UV radiation, producing chlorine atoms. Chlorine was previously identified as a catalyst in the breakdown of ozone into oxygen gas. Using the enthalpy of reaction for two reactions with ozone, determine the enthalpy of reaction for the reaction of chlorine with ozone. CiO(g) + 0,(g) → Cl(g) + 20, (g) AHn = -122.8 kJ (2) 20,(g) → 30,(g) (3) 0,(g)+Cl(g) (1) AHxn = -285.3 kJ → ClO(g) + O,(g) AHan = ? kJ AHn =arrow_forward# moles of c2h2 that will burn in the presence of 1.43 mol o2?arrow_forwardWhat is the relationship between each of the following factors and the reaction rate of temperature, concentrations of reactants, activity of catalysts, surface area, and pressure?arrow_forward
- What are possible sinks for removal of the stratosphere catalysts NO and Chlorine radical.arrow_forwardWhat is the mechanism and role of a catalytic converter in the reduction of harmful emissions from automotive exhaust gases?arrow_forwardWhen ozone levels in urban area reach unhealthy levels, residents are typically urged to avoid refuelingtheir cars during daylight hours. Explain how this might help to reduce smog formation?arrow_forward
- please solve asap.arrow_forwardOne of the least abundant nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere is dinitrogen pentoxide. One reason concentrations of this oxide are low is that the molecule is unstable and rapidly decomposes to N2O4 and O2: 2N2O5(g) → 2N2O4(g) + O2(g) A kinetic study of the decomposition of N2O5 at a particular temperature yielded the data in the following Table. Assume that the decomposition of N2O5 is first order in N2O5. Test the validity of your assumption. Determine the value of the rate constant.arrow_forwardHow does poisoning cause a catalyst to deactivate? Derive the equation for poisoning-related catalyst deterioration.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- World of Chemistry, 3rd editionChemistryISBN:9781133109655Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Brooks / Cole / Cengage LearningChemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry for Engineering StudentsChemistryISBN:9781337398909Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom HolmePublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)ChemistryISBN:9781938168390Author:Klaus Theopold, Richard H Langley, Paul Flowers, William R. Robinson, Mark BlaserPublisher:OpenStaxPhysical ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781133958437Author:Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, TomasPublisher:Wadsworth Cengage Learning,Chemistry: Matter and ChangeChemistryISBN:9780078746376Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl WistromPublisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub Co
World of Chemistry, 3rd edition
Chemistry
ISBN:9781133109655
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Brooks / Cole / Cengage Learning
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285199047
Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry for Engineering Students
Chemistry
ISBN:9781337398909
Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)
Chemistry
ISBN:9781938168390
Author:Klaus Theopold, Richard H Langley, Paul Flowers, William R. Robinson, Mark Blaser
Publisher:OpenStax
Physical Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781133958437
Author:Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, Tomas
Publisher:Wadsworth Cengage Learning,
Chemistry: Matter and Change
Chemistry
ISBN:9780078746376
Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl Wistrom
Publisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub Co
Chemical Equilibria and Reaction Quotients; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1GiZzCzmO5Q;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY