Evolution
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781605356051
Author: Douglas Futuyma, Mark Kirkpatrick
Publisher: SINAUER
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Chapter 12, Problem 5PDT
Summary Introduction
To determine: The differences between the behavior of females in a haplodiploid species (such as ants) and females of diploid species (such as beetles) toward their brothers.
Introduction: Haplodiploid species are those which generally do not produce their own offsprings but help their sisters and brothers (siblings) to produce viable offsprings. Diploid species comprise members that are able to produce fertile offsprings by themselves.
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What are the advantages and disadvantages of the alternation between fertilization and meiosis in sexually reproducing organism?
Why is meiosis necessary in sexual reproducing organisms?
Do all dioecious species have a homogametic and a heterogametic sex?
1. Yes, because dioecious means that two types of gametes are produced, even in hermaphroditic species.
2. Yes, because all sex-determining systems include heterogametic and homogametic sexes.
3. Yes, because in dioecious organisms, either the XX-XY or the ZZ-ZW system determines sex. XY and ZW individuals are heterogametic. XX and ZZ individuals are homogametic.
4. No, because hermaphrodites and species that reproduce asexually are dioecious.
5. No, because dioecious means that the sexes are separate, regardless of how sex is determined. In some dioecious species, sex is determined by a single gene.
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- How does the role of meiosis in gamete production differ between organisms with a diploid-dominant life cycle and organisms with an alternation of generations life cycle?arrow_forwardmeiosis and fertilization are important for the survival of many species because these two processes result inarrow_forwardwhy must sexually reproducing organisms use both processes of mitosis and meiosis, while asexually reproducing organisms only use mitosis?arrow_forward
- How is it that the embryo sacs of some apomictic species look normal but contain diploid cells?arrow_forwardwhy do the embryos of different species resemble each other?arrow_forwardThe arctic fox has 50 chromosomes (25 per set), and the commonred fox has 38 chromosomes (19 per set). These species can interbreed to produce viable but infertile offspring. How many chromosomes would the offspring have? What problems do you think mayoccur during meiosis that would explain the offspring’s infertility?arrow_forward
- What distinguishes asexual reproduction from sexual reproduction? What benefit does sexual reproduction confer to species? What is the value of genetic diversity? Why? In what ways does sexual reproduction contribute to diversity? Describe the unpredictability of meiotic partner selection, random distribution, and crossover.arrow_forwardYou have discovered a new species of fiah, You look at a karyotype from a normal diploid cell and see 20 chromosomes, Based on this, how many chromosomes would you expect to fee in the gameten and embryos of this specien?arrow_forwardWhat is the importance of genetic variation that is seen as a result of processes such as crossing over and random fertilization that take place within mitosis/meiosis? What purpose do they serve for the survival of a species?arrow_forward
- If the F2 dextral snails with genotype s+ s in Figure undergo selffertilization, what phenotypes and proportions are expected to occur in the progeny?arrow_forwardA sexually reproducing animal has two genes that assort independently, one for head shape (H) and one for tail length (T). Its genotype is HhTt. Which of the following genotypes is possible in a gamete from this organism?arrow_forwardCan conjoined (Siamese) twins be dizygotic twins in light of the theory that conjoined twins result from incomplete division of the embryo?arrow_forward
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cell division of meiosis and mitosis; Author: Stated Clearly;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A-mFPZLLbHI;License: Standard youtube license