Chemical Principles
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781305581982
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 12, Problem 63E
How do 2p orbitals differ from each other? How do 2pand 3p orbitals differ from each other? What is a nodalsurface in an atomic orbital?
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Chemical Principles
Ch. 12 - Prob. 1DQCh. 12 - Prob. 2DQCh. 12 - Prob. 3DQCh. 12 - The first four ionization energies for elements X...Ch. 12 - Prob. 5DQCh. 12 - Prob. 6DQCh. 12 - Prob. 7DQCh. 12 - Prob. 8DQCh. 12 - Prob. 9DQCh. 12 - Prob. 10DQ
Ch. 12 - Prob. 11DQCh. 12 - Prob. 12DQCh. 12 - Prob. 13DQCh. 12 - Prob. 14DQCh. 12 - Prob. 15DQCh. 12 - Prob. 16DQCh. 12 - Prob. 17DQCh. 12 - Is the following statement true or false: The...Ch. 12 - Which is higher in energy: the 2s or 2p orbital in...Ch. 12 - Prove mathematically that it is more energetically...Ch. 12 - Microwave radiation has a wavelength on the order...Ch. 12 - Consider the following waves representing...Ch. 12 - Prob. 23ECh. 12 - Human color vision is “produced” by the nervous...Ch. 12 - One type of electromagnetic radiation has a...Ch. 12 - Carbon absorbs energy at a wavelength of 150. nm....Ch. 12 - Prob. 27ECh. 12 - X rays have wavelengths on the order of 110-10m...Ch. 12 - The work function of an element is the energy...Ch. 12 - Ionization energy is the energy required to remove...Ch. 12 - It takes 208.4 kJ of energy to remove 1 mole of...Ch. 12 - What experimental evidence supports the quantum...Ch. 12 - Explain the photoelectric effect.Ch. 12 - Calculate the de Broglie wavelength for each of...Ch. 12 - Neutron diffraction is used in determining the...Ch. 12 - Calculate the velocities of electrons with de...Ch. 12 - An atom of a particular element is traveling at 1%...Ch. 12 - Characterize the Bohr model of the atom. In the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 39ECh. 12 - Consider only the transitions involving the first...Ch. 12 - Calculate the longest and shortest wavelengths of...Ch. 12 - Prob. 42ECh. 12 - Assume that a hydrogen atom’s electron has been...Ch. 12 - What is the maximum wavelength of light capable...Ch. 12 - An electron is excited from the ground state to...Ch. 12 - Does a photon of visible light (=400700nm)...Ch. 12 - An excited hydrogen atom emits light with a...Ch. 12 - An excited hydrogen atom with an electron in the n...Ch. 12 - Consider an electron for a hydrogen atom in an...Ch. 12 - Prob. 50ECh. 12 - One of the emission spectral lines for Be3+ has a...Ch. 12 - The Heisenberg uncertainty principle can be...Ch. 12 - Using the Heisenberg uncertainty principle,...Ch. 12 - We can represent both probability and radial...Ch. 12 - Prob. 55ECh. 12 - Calculate the wavelength of the electromagnetic...Ch. 12 - An electron in a one-dimensional box requires a...Ch. 12 - An electron in a 10.0-nm one-dimensional box is...Ch. 12 - Prob. 59ECh. 12 - What is the total probability of finding a...Ch. 12 - Which has the lowest (ground-state) energy, an...Ch. 12 - What are quantum numbers? What information do...Ch. 12 - How do 2p orbitals differ from each other? How do...Ch. 12 - Identify each of the following orbitals, and...Ch. 12 - Which of the following orbital designations are...Ch. 12 - Prob. 66ECh. 12 - The following sets of quantum numbers are not...Ch. 12 - How many orbitals can have the designation 5p,...Ch. 12 - How many electrons in an atom can have the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 70ECh. 12 - Prob. 71ECh. 12 - From the diagrams of 2p and 3p orbitals in Fig....Ch. 12 - Prob. 73ECh. 12 - Prob. 74ECh. 12 - Total radial probability distributions for the...Ch. 12 - The relative orbital levels for the hydrogen atom...Ch. 12 - What is the difference between core electrons and...Ch. 12 - Prob. 78ECh. 12 - Prob. 79ECh. 12 - The elements of Si, Ga, As, Ge, Al, Cd, S, and Se...Ch. 12 - Write the expected electron configurations for the...Ch. 12 - Write the expected electron configurations for...Ch. 12 - Prob. 83ECh. 12 - Using Fig. 12.29, list elements (ignore the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 85ECh. 12 - Prob. 86ECh. 12 - Prob. 87ECh. 12 - Prob. 88ECh. 12 - Prob. 89ECh. 12 - Prob. 90ECh. 12 - Prob. 91ECh. 12 - Prob. 92ECh. 12 - Prob. 93ECh. 12 - Prob. 94ECh. 12 - Prob. 95ECh. 12 - A certain oxygen atom has the electron...Ch. 12 - Prob. 97ECh. 12 - Prob. 98ECh. 12 - Prob. 99ECh. 12 - Explain why the first ionization energy tends to...Ch. 12 - Prob. 101ECh. 12 - The radius trend and the ionization energy trend...Ch. 12 - Prob. 103ECh. 12 - Prob. 104ECh. 12 - In each of the following sets, which atom or ion...Ch. 12 - Prob. 106ECh. 12 - Prob. 107ECh. 12 - Prob. 108ECh. 12 - Prob. 109ECh. 12 - Prob. 110ECh. 12 - Prob. 111ECh. 12 - Consider the following ionization energies for...Ch. 12 - Prob. 113ECh. 12 - Prob. 114ECh. 12 - Prob. 115ECh. 12 - Prob. 116ECh. 12 - Prob. 117ECh. 12 - Prob. 118ECh. 12 - Prob. 119ECh. 12 - Prob. 120ECh. 12 - Prob. 121ECh. 12 - Prob. 122ECh. 12 - Prob. 123ECh. 12 - Prob. 124ECh. 12 - Prob. 125ECh. 12 - Prob. 126ECh. 12 - Prob. 127ECh. 12 - Prob. 128AECh. 12 - Prob. 129AECh. 12 - Prob. 130AECh. 12 - Prob. 131AECh. 12 - Prob. 132AECh. 12 - Prob. 133AECh. 12 - Prob. 134AECh. 12 - Prob. 135AECh. 12 - Prob. 136AECh. 12 - Prob. 137AECh. 12 - Prob. 138AECh. 12 - Prob. 139AECh. 12 - An unknown element is a nonmetal and has a...Ch. 12 - Prob. 141AECh. 12 - Using data from this chapter, calculate the change...Ch. 12 - Answer the following questions, assuming that ms...Ch. 12 - Prob. 144AECh. 12 - Prob. 145AECh. 12 - Prob. 146AECh. 12 - The figure below represents part of the emission...Ch. 12 - Prob. 148AECh. 12 - Prob. 149AECh. 12 - Prob. 150AECh. 12 - Prob. 151AECh. 12 - Prob. 152AECh. 12 - Prob. 153AECh. 12 - Identify the following three elements. a. The...Ch. 12 - Prob. 155AECh. 12 - Prob. 156AECh. 12 - Prob. 157AECh. 12 - Prob. 158CPCh. 12 - The ground state ionization energy for the one...Ch. 12 - When the excited electron in a hydrogen atom falls...Ch. 12 - Prob. 161CPCh. 12 - The following numbers are the ratios of second...Ch. 12 - Prob. 163CPCh. 12 - Prob. 164CPCh. 12 - Prob. 165CPCh. 12 - Prob. 166CPCh. 12 - The ionization energy for a 1s electron in a...Ch. 12 - Without looking at data in the text, sketch a...
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- Consider the representations of the p and d atomic orbitals in Figs. 2-15 and 2- 17. What do the + and signs indicate?arrow_forwardrue or false? The hydrogen atom has a 3 orbital. Explain.arrow_forwardState which of the following orbitals cannot exist according to the quantum theory: 3p, 4s, 2f, and 1p. Briefly explain your answers.arrow_forward
- The ionization energy of rubidium is 403 kJ/mol. Do x-rays with a wavelength of 85 nm have sufficient energy to ionize rubidium?arrow_forwardHow do 2p orbitals differ from each other? How do 2p and 3p orbitals differ from each other? What is a nodal surface in an atomic orbital? What is wrong with lp, ld, 2d, lf, 2f, and 3f orbitals? Explain what we mean when we say that a 4s electron is more penetrating than a 3d electron.arrow_forwardWhat does wave-particle duality mean? What are its implications in our modem view of atomic structure?arrow_forward
- Do atoms in excited states emit radiation randomly, at any wavelength? Why? What does it mean to say that the hydrogen atom has only certain discrete energy levels available? How do we know this? Why was the quantization of energy levels surprising to scientists when it was first discovered?arrow_forwardSpinets are solids with the general formula M2+ (M3+)2O4 (where M2+ and M3+ are metal cations of the same or different metals). The best-known example is common magnetite, Fe3O4 [which you can formulate as (Fe2+)(Fe3+)2O4]. A crystal of a spinet (a) Given its name, it is evident that magnetite is ferromagnetic. How many unpaired electrons are in iron(II) and in iron(III) ions? (b) Two other spinets are CoAl2O4 and SnCo2O4. What metal ions are involved in each? What are their electron configurations? Are the metal ions paramagnetic, and if so, how many unpaired electrons are involved?arrow_forwardWhich of the subshells described in the previous question contain degenerate orbitals? How many degenerate orbitals are in each?arrow_forward
- (a) Use the radial wave function for the 3p orbital of a hydrogen atom (see Table 5.2) to calculate the value of r for which a node exists. (b) Find the values of r for which nodes exist for the 3s wave function of the hydrogen atom.arrow_forwardWhich of the subshells described in the previous question contain degenerate orbitals? How many degenerate orbitals are in each?arrow_forward
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