The reagent that has to be used to achieve the given transformation has to be identified. Concept Introduction: Alkynes are the compounds that contain a triple bond between two carbon atoms. The carbon atom present in the triple bond is s p hybridised. Due to this, the geometry of alkyne will be linear. Terminal alkyne are the one which has a proton attached to the triple bond and internal alkyne are the one in which there are no protons attached to the triple bond. Hydration of Alkynes: Alkynes undergo hydration reaction in presence of acid and mercuric sulfate as catalyst to form an enol as the initial product. The formed enol gets converted fast into keto due to keto-enol tautomerism. Ketone and enol are constitutional isomers. If the alkyne under consideration is a terminal alkyne, then methyl ketone will be the product that is obtained. The general scheme for hydration of alkyne can be given as shown below, Hydration of alkynes through the method said above is a Markovnikov addition. Hydroboration-oxidation of Alkynes: Alkynes undergo hydroboration-oxidation reaction in presence of dialkyl borane, hydrogen peroxide and sodium hydroxide to form an enol as the initial product. The formed enol gets converted fast into keto due to keto-enol tautomerism. Ketone and enol are constitutional isomers. If the alkyne under consideration is a terminal alkyne, then aldehyde will be the product that is obtained. The general scheme for hydration of alkyne can be given as shown below, Hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes through the method said above is an anti-Markovnikov addition. Acid catalyzed hydration of alkynes installs the carbonyl group at the C2 position, while hydroboration-oxidation installs the carbonyl group in C1 position.

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 12.5, Problem 12.27P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reagent that has to be used to achieve the given transformation has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Alkynes are the compounds that contain a triple bond between two carbon atoms. The carbon atom present in the triple bond is sp hybridised. Due to this, the geometry of alkyne will be linear. Terminal alkyne are the one which has a proton attached to the triple bond and internal alkyne are the one in which there are no protons attached to the triple bond.

Hydration of Alkynes:

Alkynes undergo hydration reaction in presence of acid and mercuric sulfate as catalyst to form an enol as the initial product. The formed enol gets converted fast into keto due to keto-enol tautomerism. Ketone and enol are constitutional isomers. If the alkyne under consideration is a terminal alkyne, then methyl ketone will be the product that is obtained. The general scheme for hydration of alkyne can be given as shown below,

Hydration of alkynes through the method said above is a Markovnikov addition.

Hydroboration-oxidation of Alkynes:

Alkynes undergo hydroboration-oxidation reaction in presence of dialkyl borane, hydrogen peroxide and sodium hydroxide to form an enol as the initial product. The formed enol gets converted fast into keto due to keto-enol tautomerism. Ketone and enol are constitutional isomers. If the alkyne under consideration is a terminal alkyne, then aldehyde will be the product that is obtained. The general scheme for hydration of alkyne can be given as shown below,

Hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes through the method said above is an anti-Markovnikov addition.

Acid catalyzed hydration of alkynes installs the carbonyl group at the C2 position, while hydroboration-oxidation installs the carbonyl group in C1 position.

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Answer 2

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 12.5, Problem 12.27P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reagent that has to be used to achieve the given transformation has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Alkynes are the compounds that contain a triple bond between two carbon atoms. The carbon atom present in the triple bond is sp hybridised. Due to this, the geometry of alkyne will be linear. Terminal alkyne are the one which has a proton attached to the triple bond and internal alkyne are the one in which there are no protons attached to the triple bond.

Hydration of Alkynes:

Alkynes undergo hydration reaction in presence of acid and mercuric sulfate as catalyst to form an enol as the initial product. The formed enol gets converted fast into keto due to keto-enol tautomerism. Ketone and enol are constitutional isomers. If the alkyne under consideration is a terminal alkyne, then methyl ketone will be the product that is obtained. The general scheme for hydration of alkyne can be given as shown below,

Hydration of alkynes through the method said above is a Markovnikov addition.

Hydroboration-oxidation of Alkynes:

Alkynes undergo hydroboration-oxidation reaction in presence of dialkyl borane, hydrogen peroxide and sodium hydroxide to form an enol as the initial product. The formed enol gets converted fast into keto due to keto-enol tautomerism. Ketone and enol are constitutional isomers. If the alkyne under consideration is a terminal alkyne, then aldehyde will be the product that is obtained. The general scheme for hydration of alkyne can be given as shown below,

Hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes through the method said above is an anti-Markovnikov addition.

Acid catalyzed hydration of alkynes installs the carbonyl group at the C2 position, while hydroboration-oxidation installs the carbonyl group in C1 position.

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Answer 3

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 12.5, Problem 12.27P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reagent that has to be used to achieve the given transformation has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Alkynes are the compounds that contain a triple bond between two carbon atoms. The carbon atom present in the triple bond is sp hybridised. Due to this, the geometry of alkyne will be linear. Terminal alkyne are the one which has a proton attached to the triple bond and internal alkyne are the one in which there are no protons attached to the triple bond.

Hydration of Alkynes:

Alkynes undergo hydration reaction in presence of acid and mercuric sulfate as catalyst to form an enol as the initial product. The formed enol gets converted fast into keto due to keto-enol tautomerism. Ketone and enol are constitutional isomers. If the alkyne under consideration is a terminal alkyne, then methyl ketone will be the product that is obtained. The general scheme for hydration of alkyne can be given as shown below,

Hydration of alkynes through the method said above is a Markovnikov addition.

Hydroboration-oxidation of Alkynes:

Alkynes undergo hydroboration-oxidation reaction in presence of dialkyl borane, hydrogen peroxide and sodium hydroxide to form an enol as the initial product. The formed enol gets converted fast into keto due to keto-enol tautomerism. Ketone and enol are constitutional isomers. If the alkyne under consideration is a terminal alkyne, then aldehyde will be the product that is obtained. The general scheme for hydration of alkyne can be given as shown below,

Hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes through the method said above is an anti-Markovnikov addition.

Acid catalyzed hydration of alkynes installs the carbonyl group at the C2 position, while hydroboration-oxidation installs the carbonyl group in C1 position.

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Answer 4

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 12.5, Problem 12.27P

Interpretation Introduction