Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781259822674
Author: Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. Boles
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 12.6, Problem 91RP
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What is the thermodynamic law that allows measurement of absolute entropy values of systems and pure substances?
A frictionless piston-cylinder device contains a liquid-vapor mixture of water at the temperature of 400K. During an internally reversible isobaric process, 800kJ heat is transferred out from the water, and part of the vapor condenses. The entropy change of water inside the piston-cylinder is________
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Refrigerant-134a enters the coils of the evaporator of a refrigeration system as a saturated liquid–vapor mixture at a pressure of 140 kPa. The refrigerant absorbs 180 kJ of heat from the cooled space, which is maintained at –10°C, and leaves as saturated vapor at the same pressure. Determine the total entropy change for this process.
Chapter 12 Solutions
Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
Ch. 12.6 - What is the difference between partial...Ch. 12.6 - Consider the function z(x, y). Plot a differential...Ch. 12.6 - Consider a function z(x, y) and its partial...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 4PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 5PCh. 12.6 - Consider a function f(x) and its derivative df/dx....Ch. 12.6 - Conside the function z(x, y), its partial...Ch. 12.6 - Consider air at 350 K and 0.75 m3/kg. Using Eq....Ch. 12.6 - Consider air at 350 K and 0.75 m3/kg. Using Eq....Ch. 12.6 - Nitrogen gas at 800 R and 50 psia behaves as an...
Ch. 12.6 - Consider an ideal gas at 400 K and 100 kPa. As a...Ch. 12.6 - Using the equation of state P(v a) = RT, verify...Ch. 12.6 - Prove for an ideal gas that (a) the P = constant...Ch. 12.6 - Verify the validity of the last Maxwell relation...Ch. 12.6 - Verify the validity of the last Maxwell relation...Ch. 12.6 - Show how you would evaluate T, v, u, a, and g from...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 18PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 19PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 20PCh. 12.6 - Prove that (PT)=kk1(PT)v.Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 22PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 23PCh. 12.6 - Using the Clapeyron equation, estimate the...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 26PCh. 12.6 - Determine the hfg of refrigerant-134a at 10F on...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 28PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 29PCh. 12.6 - Two grams of a saturated liquid are converted to a...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 31PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 32PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 33PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 34PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 35PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 36PCh. 12.6 - Determine the change in the internal energy of...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 38PCh. 12.6 - Determine the change in the entropy of helium, in...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 40PCh. 12.6 - Estimate the specific heat difference cp cv for...Ch. 12.6 - Derive expressions for (a) u, (b) h, and (c) s for...Ch. 12.6 - Derive an expression for the specific heat...Ch. 12.6 - Derive an expression for the specific heat...Ch. 12.6 - Derive an expression for the isothermal...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 46PCh. 12.6 - Show that cpcv=T(PT)V(VT)P.Ch. 12.6 - Show that the enthalpy of an ideal gas is a...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 49PCh. 12.6 - Show that = ( P/ T)v.Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 51PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 52PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 53PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 54PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 55PCh. 12.6 - Does the Joule-Thomson coefficient of a substance...Ch. 12.6 - The pressure of a fluid always decreases during an...Ch. 12.6 - Will the temperature of helium change if it is...Ch. 12.6 - Estimate the Joule-Thomson coefficient of...Ch. 12.6 - Estimate the Joule-Thomson coefficient of...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 61PCh. 12.6 - Steam is throttled slightly from 1 MPa and 300C....Ch. 12.6 - What is the most general equation of state for...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 64PCh. 12.6 - Consider a gas whose equation of state is P(v a)...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 66PCh. 12.6 - What is the enthalpy departure?Ch. 12.6 - On the generalized enthalpy departure chart, the...Ch. 12.6 - Why is the generalized enthalpy departure chart...Ch. 12.6 - What is the error involved in the (a) enthalpy and...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 71PCh. 12.6 - Saturated water vapor at 300C is expanded while...Ch. 12.6 - Determine the enthalpy change and the entropy...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 74PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 75PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 77PCh. 12.6 - Propane is compressed isothermally by a...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 81PCh. 12.6 - Prob. 82RPCh. 12.6 - Starting with the relation dh = T ds + vdP, show...Ch. 12.6 - Using the cyclic relation and the first Maxwell...Ch. 12.6 - For ideal gases, the development of the...Ch. 12.6 - Show that cv=T(vT)s(PT)vandcp=T(PT)s(vT)PCh. 12.6 - Temperature and pressure may be defined as...Ch. 12.6 - For a homogeneous (single-phase) simple pure...Ch. 12.6 - For a homogeneous (single-phase) simple pure...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 90RPCh. 12.6 - Prob. 91RPCh. 12.6 - Estimate the cpof nitrogen at 300 kPa and 400 K,...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 93RPCh. 12.6 - Prob. 94RPCh. 12.6 - Prob. 95RPCh. 12.6 - Methane is to be adiabatically and reversibly...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 97RPCh. 12.6 - Prob. 98RPCh. 12.6 - Prob. 99RPCh. 12.6 - An adiabatic 0.2-m3 storage tank that is initially...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 102FEPCh. 12.6 - Consider the liquidvapor saturation curve of a...Ch. 12.6 - For a gas whose equation of state is P(v b) = RT,...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 105FEPCh. 12.6 - Prob. 106FEP
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- What is entropy and its application?arrow_forward15 - Air enters an adiabatic gas turbine at 485ºC and exits at 115ºC. If the inlet and outlet velocities are 45 m/s and 68 m/s, respectively, which of the following is the energy obtained from the turbine? Take Cp = 1.048 kJ/kg K. a) 386.5 kJ/kg B) 389.1 kJ/kg NS) 401.1 kJ/kg D) 390.6 kJ/kg TO) 380.1 kJ/kgarrow_forwardWhat is the total entropy change to expand water at 30 psia and 70 percent quality to 10 psia in a closed system undergoing an isothermal, reversible process while exchanging heat with an energy reservoir at 350°F? Use data from tables.arrow_forward
- Determine/Identify. The thermodynamic law that allows measurement of absolute entropy values of systems and pure substances?arrow_forwardFor an ideal gas with constant specific heats, show that the compressor and turbine isentropic efficiencies may be written as ηC = (P2/P1) (k − 1)/k ___________ (T2/T1) − 1 and ηT = (T4/T3) − 1 _____________ (P4/P3) (k − 1/k) − 1 The states 1 and 2 represent the compressor inlet and exit states and the states 3 and 4 represent the turbine inlet and exit states.arrow_forwardRefrigerant-134a at 140 kPa and 210C is compressed by an adiabatic 1.3-kW compressor to an exit state of 700 kPa and 60C. Neglecting the changes in kinetic and potential energies, determine (a) the isentropic efficiency of the compressor, (b) the volume flow rate of the refrigerant at the compressor inlet, in L/min, and (c) the maximum volume flow rate at the inlet conditions that this adiabatic 1.3-kW compressor can handle without violating the second law.arrow_forward
- Select all proper statements below to explain that the internally reversible process is an isentropic process_______ A. The entropy generation is zero for reversible processes B. The entropy transported by heat is zero for reversible processes C. The entropy transported by heat is zero for adiabatic processes D. The entropy generation is zero for adiabatic processesarrow_forwardSteam enters an adiabatic turbine at 8 MPa and 500°C at a rate of 3.1 kg/s and leaves at 10 kPa. If the power output of the turbine is 2.5 MW, determine the temperature of the steam at the turbine exit. Neglect kinetic energy changes. Use data from the steam tables. (Please provide explanation asap)arrow_forwardDiscuss the during an internally reversible, adiabatic (isentropic) process, the entropy remains constant.arrow_forward
- A perfect gas undergoes a reversible isothermal expansion to a final volume. If the same gas at the same initial state undergoes a reversible adiabatic expansion resulting in the same final volume, -how do its the pressure, temperature, and internal energy compare with the reversible isothermal expansion at the same final volume? -how does the work done by the gas compare with the reversible isothermal expansion?arrow_forwardSteam enters an adiabatic turbine steadily at 7 MPa, 500°C, and 45 m/s and leaves at 100 kPa and 75 m/s. If the power output of the turbine is 5 MW and the isentropic efficiency is 77 percent, determine the temperature at the turbine exit.arrow_forwardMatch the corresponding formula from the right column to the description on the left. Definition of entropy Increase of Entropy Principle Clausius inequality Reversible steady-flow work for compressor The first relation The second relation…arrow_forward
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