Foundations in Microbiology
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781259705212
Author: Kathleen Park Talaro, Barry Chess Instructor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 12.L1, Problem 2MCQ
Which statement is not an aim in the use of drugs for antimicrobial chemotherapy? The drug should
a. have selective toxicity
b. be active even in high dilutions
c. be broken down and excreted rapidly
d. be microbicidal
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Choose the combination of answers that most accurately completes the statement. Which statement is not an aim in the use of drugs in antimicrobial chemotherapy? The drug should a. have selective toxicity b. be active even in high dilutions c. be broken down and excreted rapidly d. be microbicidal
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Which of the following is not a property of an antimicrobialagent?(a) Must have a favorable chemotherapeutic index(b) Must be selectively toxic(c) Must be effective against viral diseases(d) Must have a known concentration over a period oftime required to eliminate a pathogen(e) b and c
Chapter 12 Solutions
Foundations in Microbiology
Ch. 12.1 - State the goals of antimicrobial therapy.Ch. 12.1 - Discuss the origins of antimicrobial drugs.Ch. 12.1 - Differentiate between antibiotics, synthetic...Ch. 12.1 - Describe some of the special strategies of...Ch. 12.1 - Explain what is meant by a drug's spectrum and how...Ch. 12.1 - Summarize the five modes of action of...Ch. 12.1 - Differentiate between antibiotics and synthetic...Ch. 12.1 - Differentiate between narrow-spectrum and...Ch. 12.1 - Can you determine why some drugs have narrower...Ch. 12.1 - What is the major source of antibiotics and what...
Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 5CYPCh. 12.1 - Prob. 6CYPCh. 12.1 - Explain the major modes of action of antimicrobial...Ch. 12.1 - Explain the concept of competitive inhibition, and...Ch. 12.1 - What would be the extended effects of drugs that...Ch. 12.2 - Describe the classes of antibacterial drugs that...Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 8ELOCh. 12.2 - Indicate which types of antibacterial drugs block...Ch. 12.2 - Describe some new classes of antibacterial drugs...Ch. 12.2 - Construet a chart that summarizes the modes of...Ch. 12.2 - Why do the penicillin and cephalosporin groups of...Ch. 12.3 - Categorize antimicrobial drugs that are effective...Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 12ELOCh. 12.3 - Prob. 13ELOCh. 12.3 - Prob. 14ELOCh. 12.3 - Prob. 12CYPCh. 12.3 - Explain why there are fewer antifungal,...Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 14CYPCh. 12.3 - Summarize the origins and biological actions of...Ch. 12.4 - Describe the development of microbial drug...Ch. 12.4 - Explain the major mechanisms by which microbes...Ch. 12.4 - Review some of the ways to reduce levels of drug...Ch. 12.4 - Discuss how drug resistance spreads through a...Ch. 12.4 - Prob. 16CYPCh. 12.4 - Prob. 17CYPCh. 12.4 - Outline several situations or events that increase...Ch. 12.4 - Prob. 19CYPCh. 12.5 - Summarize the adverse effects of drugs on the...Ch. 12.5 - Describe some of the toxic effects of drugs on...Ch. 12.5 - Prob. 21ELOCh. 12.5 - Explain the ways in which drugs alter the normal...Ch. 12.5 - Prob. 20CYPCh. 12.5 - Prob. 21CYPCh. 12.5 - Prob. 22CYPCh. 12.5 - Prob. 23CYPCh. 12.6 - Prob. 23ELOCh. 12.6 - Describe the principles behind sensitivity testing...Ch. 12.6 - Explain the uses of the minimum inhibitory...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 26ELOCh. 12.6 - Prob. 27ELOCh. 12.6 - Prob. 24CYPCh. 12.6 - Briefly describe the Kirby-Bauer test and its...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 26CYPCh. 12.6 - Prob. 27CYPCh. 12.6 - Discuss the general factors to consider in...Ch. 12.L1 - A compound synthesized by bacteria or fungi that...Ch. 12.L1 - Which statement is not an aim in the use of drugs...Ch. 12.L1 - Microbial resistance to drugs is acquired through...Ch. 12.L1 - R factors are ________ that contain a code for...Ch. 12.L1 - When a patient's immune system becomes reactive to...Ch. 12.L1 - An antibiotic that disrupts the normal flora can...Ch. 12.L1 - Prob. 7MCQCh. 12.L1 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 12.L1 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 12.L1 - Which of the following modes of action would be...Ch. 12.L1 - The MIC is the of a drug thal is required to...Ch. 12.L1 - An antimicrobial drug with a ________ therapeutic...Ch. 12.L1 - Matching. Select the mode of action for each drug...Ch. 12.L1 - What was the purpose of giving postexposure...Ch. 12.L1 - What is a probable reason that tuberculosis...Ch. 12.L1 - Summarize the major problems with drug therapy as...Ch. 12.L1 - Using the diagram as a guide, briefly explain how...Ch. 12.L1 - Observe table 12.4 with regard to type of microbe...Ch. 12.L1 - Drugs are often given to patients before going...Ch. 12.L1 - Write an essay covering some of the main concerns...Ch. 12.L1 - Prob. 5WCCh. 12.L1 - Explain the kinds of tests that would...Ch. 12.L1 - Summarize the primary reasons that we find...Ch. 12.L2 - In 2015 the WHO surveyed 10,000 people on the...Ch. 12.L2 - Explain a simple test one could do to determine if...Ch. 12.L2 - Prob. 3CTCh. 12.L2 - You have been directed to take a sample from a...Ch. 12.L2 - From the results shown in figure 12.21, determine...Ch. 12.L2 - Explain why drugs that interfere with the...Ch. 12.L2 - In cases in which it is not possible to culture or...Ch. 12.L2 - Reviewing drug characteristics, choose an...Ch. 12.L2 - a. Using table 12.10 as a reference, find and...Ch. 12.L2 - For the following figures a-e, research the...
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- Choose the combination of answers that most accurately completes the statement. An antimicrobial drug with a ___________ therapeutic index is a better choice than one with a ___________ therapeutic index. a. low, high b. high, lowarrow_forwardImportant characteristics of antimicrobial drugs include: a) readily delivered to the site of infection b) high toxicity against microbial cells c) do not cause serious side effects in humans d) remains active in body tissues and fluids e) all of the abovearrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT a property of an antimicrobial agent? a. Must have a known concentration over a period of time required to eliminate a pathogen b. all choices are correct c. must be selectively toxic d. Must have a favorable chemotherapeutic indexarrow_forward
- Selective toxicity of a drug refers to a) damage to pathogenic organisms only b) damage to prokaryotic cell membranes c) damage to the target organisms but not the host cell d) easily broken down by the host and pathogen.arrow_forwardTechnically speaking, true antibiotics are drugs… A. Produced naturally by microbes B. Taken orally, not injected. C. Used to treat any microbial infection D. Used to treat any bacterial disease.arrow_forwardA compound synthesized by bacteria or fungi that destroys or inhibitsthe growth of other microbes is a(n)a. synthetic drug b. antibiotic c. antimicrobial drug d. competitive inhibitorarrow_forward
- A factor in the zone of inhibition size on the Kirby-Bauer plate is: a. amount of medium placed on the plate b. rate of diffusion of the drug used c. stage of growth of the microbe placed on the plate d. all of thesearrow_forwardDrugs are often given to patients before going into surgery, to dentalpatients with heart disease, or to healthy family members exposed tocontagious infections.a. What word would you use to describe this use of drugs?b. What is the purpose of this form of treatment?c. Explain some potential undesired effects of this form of therapy.d. Define probiotics and list some ways they are used.arrow_forwardAn antimicrobial drug with a therapeutic index is a betterchoice than one with a therapeutic index.a. low, high b. high, lowarrow_forward
- Drugs are often given to surgical patients, to dental patients with heart disease, or to healthy family members exposed to contagious infections. a. What word would you use to describe this use of drugs? b. What is the purpose of this form of treatment? c. Explain some potential undesired effects of this form of therapy. d. Defi ne probiotics and give some ways they are used.arrow_forwardSubstances that are naturally produced by certain microorganisms that can either inhibit or destroy other microorganisms are called: a)semisynthetic drugs b) narrow-spectrum drugs c) antibiotics d) synthetic drugsarrow_forwardE-strip testing can be used to determine a drug MIC against an organism. Which ONE of the following is correct? Select one: A. The zone of inhibition is inversely proportional to the activity of the drug B. The E-strip result guides to the maximum drug concentration that can be used to clear an infection C. The E-strip is impregnated with a fixed concentration of drug D. The E-strip is used broadly clinically to determine if an organism is resistant to a drug E. The MIC is read where bacterial growth touches the E-striparrow_forward
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