Concept explainers
a.
To explain: The way in which obstruction develops with chronic bronchitis.
Concept introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by progressive tissue degeneration and airways obstruction in the lungs. Chronic bronchitis is a type of COPD that is characterized by constant cough. The continuous cough causes shortness of breathing, fever, wheezing, and tightness of the chest.
b.
To explain: The way in which acute asthma causes air trapping or atelectasis.
Concept introduction: The condition in which the respiratory airways becomes narrow and swell, and produces excess mucus is known as asthma. Asthma is classified as acute or chronic. Single episode asthma is known as acute asthma, and a long period of asthma is known as chronic asthma. According to hypersensitivity reaction, asthma is of two types: extrinsic asthma and intrinsic asthma.
c.
To explain: The way in which hypoxia and respiratory alkalosis develop in early stage of asthma attack.
Concept introduction: The condition in which the respiratory airways becomes narrow and swell, and produces excess mucus is known as asthma. Asthma is classified as acute or chronic. Single episode asthma is known as acute asthma, and a long period of asthma is known as chronic asthma. According to hypersensitivity reaction, asthma is of two types: extrinsic asthma and intrinsic asthma.
d.
To explain: The reason why serum pH is lowered when asthma attack persists.
Concept introduction: The condition in which the respiratory airways became narrow and swell, and produces excess mucus is known as asthma. Asthma is classified as acute or chronic. Single episode of asthma is known as acute asthma, and a long period of asthma is known as chronic asthma. According to hypersensitivity reaction, asthma is of two types: extrinsic asthma and intrinsic asthma.
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