The time taken by the DNA polymerase to complete the replication process of the entire DNA molecule of the shortest chromosome, by moving uninterruptedly from one end to the other end. Also figure out whether DNA replication involves one starting point or follows an alternate hypothesis. Given: The DNA polymerase proceeds uninterruptedly on the DNA strand, from one end to the other end to synthesize the new DNA strand. Addition of nucleotides on the new DNA strand occurs at the rate of 50 base pairs per second (bp/s). The replication is limited to the S or the synthesis phase of the cell cycle. The shortest chromosome is 21 st chromosome in humans and its length is 50 × 10 6 bps. Introduction: The division of cells in a cell cycle involves two phases: interphase and mitotic phase. Replication of the genetic material takes place during synthesis phase or S phase of the interphase. DNA polymerase is responsible for DNA replication in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 13, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To analyze:

The time taken by the DNA polymerase to complete the replication process of the entire DNA molecule of the shortest chromosome, by moving uninterruptedly from one end to the other end. Also figure out whether DNA replication involves one starting point or follows an alternate hypothesis.

Given:

The DNA polymerase proceeds uninterruptedly on the DNA strand, from one end to the other end to synthesize the new DNA strand. Addition of nucleotides on the new DNA strand occurs at the rate of 50 base pairs per second (bp/s). The replication is limited to the S or the synthesis phase of the cell cycle. The shortest chromosome is 21^st chromosome in humans and its length is 50×106 bps.

Introduction:

The division of cells in a cell cycle involves two phases: interphase and mitotic phase. Replication of the genetic material takes place during synthesis phase or S phase of the interphase. DNA polymerase is responsible for DNA replication in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The rate at which DNA polymerase proceeds the formation of new DNA strand is 50 bp/s. Therefore, to replicate a DNA strand of 50×106 bps, the enzyme DNA polymerase will take 10⁶ seconds, which is approximately 278 hours.

The synthesis phase of a mammalian cell is 8 hours long, and the entire replication process occurs during this time. This indicates that there must be multiple DNA polymerase complexes involved in this process. Hence more than one replication origin sites must be there, where the enzyme would attach itself to synthesize a new strand.

Conclusion

Therefore, it can be concluded that there are many replication origin sites where DNA polymerase enzyme work simultaneously, to complete the synthesis of new DNA strand.

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Students have asked these similar questions

Briefly discuss the pros and cons of having a nucleoid (as bacteria do) versus a double nuclear membrane surrounding the DNA (as in eukaryotes). List and explain three reasons why DNA replication is very accurate.

Which statement below best describes what these data might have demonstrated to Kornberg about the process of replication? CHOOSE ONE and explain the rationale behind your answer in a minimum of four sentences. A. Products of replication are DNA polymers. B. DNA Pol I-mediated replication is a high-fidelity (i.e., no mistakes) process C. DNA Pol III-mediated replication gives rise to two daughter strands, one which is made of only the original templates, and one of which is only newly synthesized polymer. D. In DNA, all 4 classes of nitrogenous bases are more or less equally represented E. A pairs with T and C pairs with G

Suppose that 22% of the nucleotides of a DNA molecule are deoxyadenosine and during replication the relative amounts of available deoxynucleoside triphosphates are 22% dATP, 22% dCTP, 28% dGTP, and 28% dTTP. What deoxynucleoside triphosphate is limiting to the replication? Explain.

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 13, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To analyze:

The time taken by the DNA polymerase to complete the replication process of the entire DNA molecule of the shortest chromosome, by moving uninterruptedly from one end to the other end. Also figure out whether DNA replication involves one starting point or follows an alternate hypothesis.

Given:

The DNA polymerase proceeds uninterruptedly on the DNA strand, from one end to the other end to synthesize the new DNA strand. Addition of nucleotides on the new DNA strand occurs at the rate of 50 base pairs per second (bp/s). The replication is limited to the S or the synthesis phase of the cell cycle. The shortest chromosome is 21^st chromosome in humans and its length is 50×106 bps.

Introduction:

The division of cells in a cell cycle involves two phases: interphase and mitotic phase. Replication of the genetic material takes place during synthesis phase or S phase of the interphase. DNA polymerase is responsible for DNA replication in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The rate at which DNA polymerase proceeds the formation of new DNA strand is 50 bp/s. Therefore, to replicate a DNA strand of 50×106 bps, the enzyme DNA polymerase will take 10⁶ seconds, which is approximately 278 hours.

The synthesis phase of a mammalian cell is 8 hours long, and the entire replication process occurs during this time. This indicates that there must be multiple DNA polymerase complexes involved in this process. Hence more than one replication origin sites must be there, where the enzyme would attach itself to synthesize a new strand.

Conclusion

Therefore, it can be concluded that there are many replication origin sites where DNA polymerase enzyme work simultaneously, to complete the synthesis of new DNA strand.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 13, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To analyze:

The time taken by the DNA polymerase to complete the replication process of the entire DNA molecule of the shortest chromosome, by moving uninterruptedly from one end to the other end. Also figure out whether DNA replication involves one starting point or follows an alternate hypothesis.

Given:

The DNA polymerase proceeds uninterruptedly on the DNA strand, from one end to the other end to synthesize the new DNA strand. Addition of nucleotides on the new DNA strand occurs at the rate of 50 base pairs per second (bp/s). The replication is limited to the S or the synthesis phase of the cell cycle. The shortest chromosome is 21^st chromosome in humans and its length is 50×106 bps.

Introduction:

The division of cells in a cell cycle involves two phases: interphase and mitotic phase. Replication of the genetic material takes place during synthesis phase or S phase of the interphase. DNA polymerase is responsible for DNA replication in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The rate at which DNA polymerase proceeds the formation of new DNA strand is 50 bp/s. Therefore, to replicate a DNA strand of 50×106 bps, the enzyme DNA polymerase will take 10⁶ seconds, which is approximately 278 hours.

The synthesis phase of a mammalian cell is 8 hours long, and the entire replication process occurs during this time. This indicates that there must be multiple DNA polymerase complexes involved in this process. Hence more than one replication origin sites must be there, where the enzyme would attach itself to synthesize a new strand.

Conclusion

Therefore, it can be concluded that there are many replication origin sites where DNA polymerase enzyme work simultaneously, to complete the synthesis of new DNA strand.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 13, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To analyze:

The time taken by the DNA polymerase to complete the replication process of the entire DNA molecule of the shortest chromosome, by moving uninterruptedly from one end to the other end. Also figure out whether DNA replication involves one starting point or follows an alternate hypothesis.

Given:

The DNA polymerase proceeds uninterruptedly on the DNA strand, from one end to the other end to synthesize the new DNA strand. Addition of nucleotides on the new DNA strand occurs at the rate of 50 base pairs per second (bp/s). The replication is limited to the S or the synthesis phase of the cell cycle. The shortest chromosome is 21^st chromosome in humans and its length is 50×106 bps.

Introduction:

The division of cells in a cell cycle involves two phases: interphase and mitotic phase. Replication of the genetic material takes place during synthesis phase or S phase of the interphase. DNA polymerase is responsible for DNA replication in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The rate at which DNA polymerase proceeds the formation of new DNA strand is 50 bp/s. Therefore, to replicate a DNA strand of 50×106 bps, the enzyme DNA polymerase will take 10⁶ seconds, which is approximately 278 hours.

The synthesis phase of a mammalian cell is 8 hours long, and the entire replication process occurs during this time. This indicates that there must be multiple DNA polymerase complexes involved in this process. Hence more than one replication origin sites must be there, where the enzyme would attach itself to synthesize a new strand.

Conclusion

Therefore, it can be concluded that there are many replication origin sites where DNA polymerase enzyme work simultaneously, to complete the synthesis of new DNA strand.

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Answer 5

Chapter 13, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To analyze:

The time taken by the DNA polymerase to complete the replication process of the entire DNA molecule of the shortest chromosome, by moving uninterruptedly from one end to the other end. Also figure out whether DNA replication involves one starting point or follows an alternate hypothesis.

Given:

The DNA polymerase proceeds uninterruptedly on the DNA strand, from one end to the other end to synthesize the new DNA strand. Addition of nucleotides on the new DNA strand occurs at the rate of 50 base pairs per second (bp/s). The replication is limited to the S or the synthesis phase of the cell cycle. The shortest chromosome is 21^st chromosome in humans and its length is 50×106 bps.

Introduction:

The division of cells in a cell cycle involves two phases: interphase and mitotic phase. Replication of the genetic material takes place during synthesis phase or S phase of the interphase. DNA polymerase is responsible for DNA replication in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The rate at which DNA polymerase proceeds the formation of new DNA strand is 50 bp/s. Therefore, to replicate a DNA strand of 50×106 bps, the enzyme DNA polymerase will take 10⁶ seconds, which is approximately 278 hours.

The synthesis phase of a mammalian cell is 8 hours long, and the entire replication process occurs during this time. This indicates that there must be multiple DNA polymerase complexes involved in this process. Hence more than one replication origin sites must be there, where the enzyme would attach itself to synthesize a new strand.

Conclusion

Therefore, it can be concluded that there are many replication origin sites where DNA polymerase enzyme work simultaneously, to complete the synthesis of new DNA strand.

Answer 6

Chapter 13, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To analyze:

The time taken by the DNA polymerase to complete the replication process of the entire DNA molecule of the shortest chromosome, by moving uninterruptedly from one end to the other end. Also figure out whether DNA replication involves one starting point or follows an alternate hypothesis.

Given:

The DNA polymerase proceeds uninterruptedly on the DNA strand, from one end to the other end to synthesize the new DNA strand. Addition of nucleotides on the new DNA strand occurs at the rate of 50 base pairs per second (bp/s). The replication is limited to the S or the synthesis phase of the cell cycle. The shortest chromosome is 21^st chromosome in humans and its length is 50×106 bps.

Introduction:

The division of cells in a cell cycle involves two phases: interphase and mitotic phase. Replication of the genetic material takes place during synthesis phase or S phase of the interphase. DNA polymerase is responsible for DNA replication in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The rate at which DNA polymerase proceeds the formation of new DNA strand is 50 bp/s. Therefore, to replicate a DNA strand of 50×106 bps, the enzyme DNA polymerase will take 10⁶ seconds, which is approximately 278 hours.

The synthesis phase of a mammalian cell is 8 hours long, and the entire replication process occurs during this time. This indicates that there must be multiple DNA polymerase complexes involved in this process. Hence more than one replication origin sites must be there, where the enzyme would attach itself to synthesize a new strand.

Conclusion

Therefore, it can be concluded that there are many replication origin sites where DNA polymerase enzyme work simultaneously, to complete the synthesis of new DNA strand.

Answer 7

Chapter 13, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To analyze:

The time taken by the DNA polymerase to complete the replication process of the entire DNA molecule of the shortest chromosome, by moving uninterruptedly from one end to the other end. Also figure out whether DNA replication involves one starting point or follows an alternate hypothesis.

Given:

The DNA polymerase proceeds uninterruptedly on the DNA strand, from one end to the other end to synthesize the new DNA strand. Addition of nucleotides on the new DNA strand occurs at the rate of 50 base pairs per second (bp/s). The replication is limited to the S or the synthesis phase of the cell cycle. The shortest chromosome is 21^st chromosome in humans and its length is 50×106 bps.

Introduction:

The division of cells in a cell cycle involves two phases: interphase and mitotic phase. Replication of the genetic material takes place during synthesis phase or S phase of the interphase. DNA polymerase is responsible for DNA replication in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The rate at which DNA polymerase proceeds the formation of new DNA strand is 50 bp/s. Therefore, to replicate a DNA strand of 50×106 bps, the enzyme DNA polymerase will take 10⁶ seconds, which is approximately 278 hours.

The synthesis phase of a mammalian cell is 8 hours long, and the entire replication process occurs during this time. This indicates that there must be multiple DNA polymerase complexes involved in this process. Hence more than one replication origin sites must be there, where the enzyme would attach itself to synthesize a new strand.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Conclusion

Therefore, it can be concluded that there are many replication origin sites where DNA polymerase enzyme work simultaneously, to complete the synthesis of new DNA strand.

Answer 12

Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 1R Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 2R Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 3R Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 4R Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 1R Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 2R Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 3R Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 1R Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 2R Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 3R

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