ESSENTIALS OF GENETICS ALC & MOD MSTG/ET VP
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780134452890
Author: KLUG
Publisher: Pearson Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 13, Problem 2PDQ
Review the Chapter Concepts list on p. 238. These all relate to the translation of genetic information stored in mRNA into proteins and how chemical information in proteins impart function to those molecules. Write a brief essay that discusses the role of ribosomes in the process of translation as it relates to these concepts.
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In EUKARYOTIC translation, how does initiation of translation occur?
a) What components of the mature mRNA are involved (2 components) and
b) what proteins are involved (at least 2 proteins)?
Which translation protein mimics RNA structures and why?
Indicate the amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by the following mRNA molecule. Use the genetic code table and assume that the very first “AUG” the ribosome encounters will serve as the start codon and specify methionine.
5’-AAUUCAUGCCCAAAUUUGGGGCACGAAGCUUCUUAGGCUAGUCCUAAAAAA-3’
Chapter 13 Solutions
ESSENTIALS OF GENETICS ALC & MOD MSTG/ET VP
Ch. 13 - CASE STUDY | Crippled ribosomes Diamond Blackfan...Ch. 13 - CASE STUDY | Crippled ribosomes Diamond Blackfan...Ch. 13 - Prob. 3CSCh. 13 -
HOW DO WE KNOW?
1. In this chapter, we focused on...Ch. 13 - Review the Chapter Concepts list on p. 238. These...Ch. 13 - List and describe the role of all molecular...Ch. 13 - Contrast the roles of tRNA and mRNA during...Ch. 13 - Francis Crick proposed the adaptor hypothesis for...Ch. 13 -
6. During translation, what molecule bears the...Ch. 13 - Summarize the steps involved in charging tRNAs...
Ch. 13 - Each transfer RNA requires at least four specific...Ch. 13 -
9. Explain why the one-gene:one-enzyme hypothesis...Ch. 13 - Prob. 10PDQCh. 13 - Prob. 11PDQCh. 13 - Prob. 12PDQCh. 13 - Assuming that each nucleotide is 0.34 nm long in...Ch. 13 - Review the concept of colinearity in Section 12.5...Ch. 13 -
15. In your opinion, which of the four levels of...Ch. 13 -
16. List and describe the function of as many...Ch. 13 - How does an enzyme function? Why are enzymes...Ch. 13 -
18. Shown in the following table are several...Ch. 13 -
19. Three independently assorting genes are known...Ch. 13 -
20. How would the results in cross (a) of Problem...Ch. 13 - A series of mutations in the bacterium Salmonella...Ch. 13 -
22. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains...
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- Explain the function of the Shine-Dalgarno sequence in prokaryotic protein translation. Where is it located?arrow_forwardWhy is post translational modification important and Where does protein modification occur?arrow_forwardWhy chaperones are particularly important when translation occurs on membrane-bound ribosomes ?arrow_forward
- When glycoproteins are synthesized in the cell, at what stage of the polymerization of the protein are the sugar groups added: Prior to translation, cotranslationally, or posttranslationally?arrow_forwardWhat is the "genetic code" and what aspect of post translational modification virtually mandates that "genetic code" applies to mRNA rather than DNA?arrow_forwardThe mRNA formed from the repeating tetranucleotide UUACincorporates only three amino acids, but the use of UAUC incorporates four amino acids. Why?arrow_forward
- Describe the various post-transcriptional and post-translational modifications that occur during the transition from pre-mRNA to mature protein.arrow_forwardWhat are the three stages of translation? Discuss the main events that occur during these three stages.arrow_forward22-69 Indicate whether each of the following statementsrelating to protein synthesis is true or false.a. RNA is involved in both the transcription andtranslation phases of protein synthesis.b. DNA is the starting material for protein synthesis.c. The translation phase of protein synthesis convertsRNA to DNA.d. Transcription precedes translation in proteinsynthesisarrow_forward
- Describe the prokaryotic translation initiation shown in the diagram. Define the convention of protein synthesis (directionality of synthesis) as well as the meaning of the A, P, and E sites of the ribosome.arrow_forwardWhy is the position of the first AUG after the ribosome-binding site critical?arrow_forwardSuppose the codon sequence AUGACCCGGCUACUG has a single base pair mutation to AUGACCCGGUUACUG. If the old protein sequence was Met-Thr-Arg-Leu-Leu, what will be the new sequence encoded by the mutant gene?arrow_forward
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